The Pushers The pushers can be considered as multiple components of the health care system that

Most American citizens would agree that modern medicine has drastically changed American Society. The progression of medicine has impacted American lives in multiple ways. It has changed how the United States military uses medicine, how American scientists research medicine, and how everyday American citizens use medicine. Just 100 years ago, the people of the time period would not have been able to comprehend the medical advances that today’s society experiences, and what postmodern societies will continue to experience. Over time, the progression of medicine affected American soldiers during times of war, changed how diseases were discovered and treated, and impacted the way 21st century Americans view medicine and medical professionals.

The 1940’s brought us the introduction of penicillin. President Truman tries to implement a single system for health care that would benefit all of America. The AMA abruptly turned his implementation down and actually referred as a “Communist plot” in the House subcommittee (PBS.org).

It hasn’t changed that the average person doesn’t like to feel pain or be ill. The evolution of medicine from 1776 to 1938 in the United States depended on the knowledge of current diseases and treatment at that time. The major diseases during this time were pneumonia, influenza, tuberculosis, gastrointestinal infections, heart disease and cerebrovascular disease.1 Ironically, much of those diseases still exist today. Over time, the world’s demand for drugs for any type of illness or disease drastically skyrocketed. Was the medicine really working or were people psyched into believing they had an illness? The diagnosis and treatment was incorrect many times, resulting in “shoulda, coulda, and wouldas” when dealing with diagnosis and medicine. Without a scientific basis, medical doctors, such as Benjamin Rush were ineffective with proper treatment, and quacks promoted strange treatments as to say: Yackedy Quack, Don’t Talk Back. By the end of the 20th Century, one could say American medicine was on the rise and researchers and physician were much more respected.

Some people say America has the best health care system in the nation, is this

Medicine has been developed and discovered for thousands of years; however, the 1920’s was the first decade that fashioned a pathway for new developments and discoveries. Medical professionals have taken a huge hit for their fight in finding new inventions that can save patients from death’s hands. In the 1920’s, medicine has also taken a tremendous leap in controlling fatal diseases such as diabetes (Pendergast 110). Medicine in the 1920’s has altered the way medicine is shaped today; furthermore, the development and discovery of the iron lung, penicillin, and insulin were the first pertinent breakthroughs in medical history (“Iron” par. 7; Grimsley par. 15; “Banting” par. 13).

Many forces shape our current healthcare system. Our cultural belief and values shape our views on our social, political, and economic exigencies. While our beliefs and values usually represent basic or core impressions of individuals in our society, they are constantly changing. Thus, they lend a sense of dynamism to our health care system. Our cultural beliefs and values also impact our sense of ethics, which also influences how we allocate our health resources and our sense of social justice, or lack of it. And although ACA represents a major reform the American health care system, history will tell us whether it survives after the next election cycles. Many of the forces in American health care that affected its evolution in the past are present today.

A majority of pharmaceutical companies thought that penicillin was to be a cure for any infection. At first no one expected that bacteria would mutate and become stronger. Initially pharmaceutical companies stopped doing research for new antibiotics and concentrated on other areas. As the result,

Over the last 100 years, the United States of America have experienced loss of human lives due to various causes. These deaths can be attributed to deficiencies in the medicines for curing the corresponding diseases. There have being changes over time as the main cause for a particular period of time does not persist forever. The most dangerous diseases during the year 1900 are not still dangerous today. This is because of the improvements that have

A little white pill, sold as an over-the-counter drug, lined the shelves of pharmacies across the globe. Originating from the German drug company, Chemie Grütinethal, this pill was advertised to a highly receptive international market and was a success in 1959. Several years later, physicians began to form a link between phocomelia, a birth deformity, and pregnant woman who ingested the German-created drug. That little white pill is known as Thalidomide. Staying in the market for almost six years, Thalidomide changed the lives of mothers and their newborns for the worse making it one of the largest pharmaceutical failures in the course of mankind. Although the horrific effects of distributing Thalidomide in the late 1950s is historically

Even though the pharmaceutical industry had been highly profitable and contributed about 40% OF Ciba-Geigy’s revenues in profit, there were some trends, which were worrying. The government had attempted to reduce a cost of healthcare thus; pressure to lower costs was mounting on industrialized countries. There were restrictions to introduce new products, and price control became stricter while limiting the freedom of doctors to prescribe medications. Patent controls were becoming reduced, and the pharmaceutical industry was becoming increasingly criticized. These trends later made the industry to

During the 1930s, Winthrop Chemical Company Inc. became a leader in the pharmaceutical industry with the introduction of renowned products including Salvarsan and Neo-Salvarsan (the first effective drugs in the treatment of syphilis), Prontosil and Neoprontosil (the first of the sulfa drugs), and Atabrine (the synthetic antimalarial that replaced quinine during WWII). [15] The company eventually expanded overseas in 1938 and operated seventy plants in forty countries. [13, 15]

The United States health care system is the most expensive in the world. It spends

The United States health care system is problematic. On average the U.S. has 440,000 deaths a year from care in hospitals due to accidents and hospital acquired infections; harming patients and the pocket books of families and insurance companies with unnecessary cost and procedures (Allen). With the Affordable Care Act (ACA) the government is hoping to decrease these unnecessary cost; cutting down on medication administration, providing more preventive care, and merging many different healthcare members’ jobs into one position in order to cut cost on staff. There has been great strives with the new reform of health care, but there has also been downfalls and uncertainty. Preventive care has come to the forefront; this will help save patients and money for all those in the market for healthcare, so everyone. While preventive care is great, it is leaving many health care members are questioning what is next for them. The ACA is moving into the general public, but with immunizations already being taken over by drug stores, people are worried about the stability of job opportunities outside the hospital. As a nursing student myself I have concern of what the job market will be when I graduate; because when I started it was in high demand and now many student are struggling to find jobs. Therefore, I have concerns with the ACA and that some provisions will need to be reevaluated.

The problematic issue for Bristol-Myers was to position its new aspirin drug to the potential customers and decide a good price which can not only make it acceptable by the customers, but also give a fair profit to the company. In other words, the company had to formulate an effective marketing and promotional strategy for its new drug, Datril. The company was not merely willing to establish its new brand in the analgesic market; the main issue was to establish this new brand in the presence of a strong competitor, Tylenol.

Pfizer is known as one of the first and one of the world’s largest Pharmaceutical company that was establish in 1849. It was founded by two cousins called Charles Pfizer and Charles F. Erhart in New York City. Pfizer was as a manufacturer for fine chemicals but because of the discovery that was made in 1950 which made the company the path towards becoming the research-based pharmaceutical that it is update. The product that was first produced was the palatable form of sautonin which was used to treat intestinal worm. The Headquarters of Pfizer is located in New York City, with its research headquarters in Groton, Connecticut, which is nowadays the top multinational corporation that is sold all over the world. It is ranked as the second in the US and Japan market, and Novartis in first place and Roche in third place. The Pfizer Inc. is consisted with a trademark that is called PFIZER. Because of Pfizer’s strategies, Pfizer