The Rate Of Return From Investing

The relationship between art and commerce has always been subject of hot discussion. Many people look at creativity as a vehicle for economic interest, while others view it as pure dedication for personal creative needs. The world as we live in today sees the creative industry, including visual and performing arts, sound recording, book publishing, and movie making, a highly commercialized global enterprise. People constantly buy and sell art products in a highly active market. Although it is difficult to conclude whether art and commerce is perfectly compatible or mutually exclusive, one thing is true, that the relationship between the two has not stayed constant throughout the history of art. From the early Renaissance period to contemporary and modern time, we see art gets intertwined with business more and more. There are multiple well known historical examples demonstrate the dynamic evolution of creative expression, though new system also brought challenges.

Repeat Purchase Repeat purchase is the buying of a product by a consumer of the same brand name previously bought on another occasion. Businesses prefer repeat customers since they are more profitable. Therefore, concentrating on customer retention and encouraging repeat customers creates long-lasting, profitable relationships.

Furthermore, he considers secondary sources in interpreting and analyzing the different artists’ paintings. Baxandall examines the importance of contracts, where marketing negotiations are made between an artist and their client. This includes detailed aspects in the content of the painting, the quantity and quality of materials used in the painting and the cost for labor in making the piece. He argues that although a painting is convincing and strong, the painting could, however, be reduced to nothing more than a constructional argument between the buyer and the seller. This is done by explaining the mechanics through which the Renaissance artists went about to develop their talent. A painting in Italy during that period resulted in a social relationship between the painter, who produced the picture, and the client, who provided the funding and ultimately used the artwork. He clearly suggests that the great materials and effort placed into an art piece provide the groundwork for an

11, but is it a good enough reason to spend millions of dollars on one of his paintings? In fact, Rothko’s 1961 painting Orange, Red, Yellow was bought for $86.9 million in May 2012 at Christie’s in New York setting a record for the abstract expressionist painter according to David Ng. However, in 2011, a Cézanne painting, The Card Players sold for $250 million smashing the record for the highest price paid for any artwork sold at auction (Stern). This may seem outrageous to some, but for those who are opulent, “brands are king in fine art. Names like Rothko and Pollock distinguish them from unknown artists the same way the Coke and Pepsi brands distinguish them from other sugar water (Mayyasi).” According to the article “Why is Art Expensive?”, these brands, such as Rothko, Pollock, and Warhol, retain their value and appreciate over time. As someone who does not participate in the lavish art auctions, it’s hard to understand Christie’s $745 million art auction in May of 2013 as anything other than unreasonable. Yet buyers in the art market proclaim these purchases as investments (Mayyasi). On the other hand, in a report entitled “Profit or Pleasure? Exploring the Motivations Behind Treasure Trends”, only a tenth of two thousand wealthy individuals questioned bought art as an investment, whereas, seventy-five percent purchased art to feel victorious at the auction and have cultural

Based on the above calculations, the company should reject the offer. Manufacturing the carburetors is $6 per unit less expensive which calculates to $90,000 less expensive over the period.

Thus, companies seek to strengthen customer loyalty. Brand loyalty is considered to tilt the consumer to purchase the package / product specific brand (Jacoby and Chestnut, 1978). Later, Oliver (1997) defined loyalty as "a deeply held commitment to REBUY or repatronize preferred product / service consistently in the future, thereby causing repetitive same-brand or same brand set purchasing, despite situational influences and marketing activities, which would result in causing switching behavior "(p. 34). This conceptual definition covers two different aspects of loyalty: the behavioral. This is consistent with an integrated conceptual framework proposed by Dick and Basu (1994), that customer loyalty is regarded as a "power relationship between the relative position of the individual and repeat

The historical roots on Return on Investments (ROI) have an extensive historical background which involves the Du Pont system. It is significant to illustrate the major history behind the Return on Investments (ROI) and how the Du Pont system started. The purpose of the Return on Investment (ROI) is to evaluate the efficiency of an investment or compare the efficiency of various investments. In addition to (ROI) share the common class of profitability ratios. Several examples will show how Return on Investments (ROI) and the Du Pont system has established life-long formulas to help indicate growth or decline on financial investments.

Museums and art enthusiasts spend a lot of money on works of art. Why are certain paintings more valuable than others? There are not a limited amount of paintings. Perhaps it is impossible to truly calculate value, because the perception of value differs between individuals. A critic would value a beautiful piece of artwork more than an average piece, and would consequently spend more money or

Divisional hurdle rates Financial management and policy Case 1, week 2 University of Maastricht Faculty of Economics and Business Administration Maastricht, 5th of November 2003 Danner, W. I 136964 Kuijt, R.J. I 130885 Steenvoorden, W.J.M. I 178829 Course Code: 6010v Group number: 7 Subgroup number: 1 Tutor: B. Pavlov Introduction Randolph Corporation is a multidivisional company. Due to frictions among the divisions, Randolph’s stock has not performed

The four areas of Interest and Capital we are going to look at are: higher interest rates with more capital invested, lower interest rates with less capital invested, lower interest rates with more capital invested, and higher interest rates with less capital invested. Interest rates are a critical tool

• Why did HMC constrain the To maximize the utility function, we used the formula: y*= [E(rP) – rf]/Aσ2P y*= (0.05317204-0.03)/(7*(0.100786)^2) = 32.58860806% So the investor will invest 32.58860806% of the investment budget in the risky asset and 67.41139194% in the risk-free asset.

¬¬¬¬¬¬¬Introduction Tropical Lime (TL) has seen a decline in their sales of water over the last 12 months. Many companies have adopted advertising strategies for reversing these changes, and research has provided an insight into their effectiveness, and the practical implications for consumer behavior. The current marketing environment has provided customers

2.2 Art as an Alternative Investment: Returns, Risks and Correlation with Financial Market 2.2.1 Return Rate and Risk Based on art market indices, attention has been drawn to investigate the risk-return rate of art investment and the correlation between the art market and other markets in the academic field. Some representative researches on return rate and risk of artwork investment were considered to be the starting point of growing interest in art investment among academics. Goetzmann (1993) estimates an average annual return rate of 3.2% during 1916-1986, which is higher than the stock return but still lower than bonds. He further claims that artwork investment can achieve a high return rate in the long term. Buelens and Ginsburgh (1993) divide the data that was constructed by Baumol (1986) into different schools time periods and examine the return rate respectively. Their results show that except the period of war and general insecurity, paintings achieve higher return rates than financial assets. Mei and Moses (2002) estimate an annual real return rate of 4.9% from 1900-1999, which is outperforming certain fixed-return securities while underperformed stocks. They point out that art returns are above inflation and tend to be greater than government bonds but less than equities.

Recent reports reveals that Mr. Bury is presently selling his product within two process which consist of $10 for a title, which the copy rights has lapse and $15 dollars for a title that includes a fee. When looking at the product first month of operation and sales the digitizer only sold 1,000 of its older book and 2,000 for the newer books. Mr. Bury could not fully understand why he was not able to sell as many old books as he did a new book. Through carefully listening to Ms. Budley on how she improved her artwork business by increasing the prices, Mr. Bury decided it will be in his best interest to increase the prices of the old books.

Price Price, which is one of the most important elements of the marketing mix, can be difficult to get right. Pricing too high, or low, can negatively impact on customer satisfaction and revenue. Adopting a pricing strategy is necessary to achieve desired sales objectives (Chan & Wong 2005).