The Red Brigades, An Italian Terrorist Organization With A Strong Emphasis On Marxism

Fascism, the more it reflects and observes the future and the development of humanity quite apart from political concerns, it starts to believe that neither in the possibility of peace. War alone brings up to its highest tension all human beings in this world and puts the print of nobility upon the peoples who have valor to meet it. It gives and puts human beings - men into the position where they have to make the greatest decision, of life or death. (Halsall, 1997) Fascism is the complete opposite of; Marxian Socialism, the materialist conception of human civilization can be explained simply through the conflict of interests among the various social groups and by the change and development. Fascism is now and will always, be dangerous; that

She provides significant evidence in how uniforms established a social hierarchy through civilian life, through policing, the educational system, and through the militia in terms of different uniforms establishing ranks. Wilson stresses how uniforms increased patriotism and militarism among all ages and genders by uniforms symbolizing militarism, and influencing how people emotionally acted when wearing the uniform. Wilsons counter-argument helped strengthen her thesis the most as she argued the other side of her thesis, expressing that there were many anti-fascists, and that the government did not try to help lessen the cost of uniforms for those too poor to afford it. However, Fascism still succeeded in Italy despite these shortcomings. The article brings up academic debate about whether the lack of uniform ownership meant the regime was losing support, or if it was just extremely impractical for the regime to have everyone in

The red terror started, as a result form an assassination attempt on Lenin from Fanni Kaplin in August 1918. From Lenin’s hospital bed he told the Cheka ‘prepare for terror’. There was no government that could argue against the work of the Cheka, they arrested and executed 800 people in St. Petersburg in 1918, the Cheka explained that they were ‘enemies of the state’ ‘enemies of the revolution’. The red terror lasted from September 1918 to October 1918. Lenin supported the Cheka and argued on their behalf. They were also supported by Gregory Zinoviev. War communism is were the Bolsheviks took control over the factories, mines, workshops and railways.The Bolsheviks took over the banks, private trade was not allowed, workers were forced to work in factories. The red army needed supplies to fight against the White army. The Bolsheviks were communists and they wanted to take control of industry and food production in Russia.

Italian Fascism is an authoritarian and nationalistic system of government and social organization, it was the political result of the relationship between socialist and nationalist rhetoric. It is a form of governance which employs intolerant views and practices, advocating traditionalism, interventionism and sameness rather than individualism. In order to promote their totalitarian ideals during the 1930s to 1945 fascist politicians such as Benito Mussolini, who had previously been a socialist newspaper editor, employed propaganda that included virtually all modes of media: the press, posters and film. The widespread dissemination of totalitarian ideals infiltrated into the school system where young Italians born from 1910 to 1935 were taught to “obey and fight.” The purpose of this paper is to analyse the diffusion of the Italian Identity through fascist propaganda from 1922-1943 and the identity that was diffused as a result of the exploitation of Mussolini’s various propaganda mediums. Did fascist propaganda contribute to the diffusion of an Italian identity? If so, what identity was diffused?

This movement was created on the basis of fear and terror, not justice and democracy. Not only this but the response to opposition by revolutionaries and the methods used to control the people were inappropriate and

Another element of the strategy is untwisting the “spiral of violence”. The classic mechanism, which assume the existence of cycles of suicide terrorism activity in a “action-repression-reaction” it is aimed at lowering the public support for the government, and increase it for the terrorists. By curried out the suicide terrorism attacks, the intension and aim of the terrorists is to hit the repressive actions of the authorities not only in themselves but also in the group indentified with them and/or their supporters (a specified ethnic group, religious, social or the entire society). As a result, this process has lead to massive social explosion directed against the government. Such a model of strategy for terrorism has been used by most of the leftist groups in Europe in the nineteenth century, and in the

Right-wing terrorism, also referred to as vigilante terrorism is defined as “Vigilante terrorism includes right-wing terrorism aimed at "restoring" the political relationships of an earlier time or realizing social objectives that are neglected or discounted in the contemporary world” (Professor Cadigan, 2015, Week 4 lecture). There is also left-wing terrorism, which is referred to as insurgent terrorism is explained as “forcing change through terrorist acts” (Professor Cadigan, 2015, Week 4 lecture). Left-wing terrorism has been around since the 1960s to 1970s.

Benito Mussolini and his creation of Fascism was the glue that held Italy together. Fascism promised national unity and condemned the Socialist party. To understand how Fascism became powerful within Italy, it is imperative to acknowledge the driving force behind this regime. To put it bluntly, violence played an essential role in the development of the Fascist party. Mussolini’s practice of fierceness was able to create a formidable system of government that did not tolerate weakness. In 1919, Benito Mussolini give an Afternoon speech, where he stressed the difference between Socialism and Fascism. Here, he states, “We declare war, against socialism, not because it is socialism, but because it opposes nationalism” (Stone 2013, 38).

This brutal campaign to eradicate the state of perceived enemies began in the summer of 1936, when Lev Kamenev, Grigorii Zinoviev, and fourteen others were convicted of organizing a “Trotskyite-Zinovievite terrorist center” and the group was blamed by the state for Sergei Kirov’s assassination in December 1934. This was soon followed by the purge of prominent leaders in the revolution such as Nikolai Bukharin. Others who were executed were: new party members, high ranking military officials, party secretaries, and other officials. However, even poor Soviet citizens who had nothing to do with plotting against the government were searched and arrested by the NKVD. In particular, those citizens who were previously accused of being counter-revolutionary were the main targets of the

The Russian Civil War (1918-1922) was a fight for political power between the Bolshevik Red Army, who fought for socialism, and the White Army. During this time, the Bolshevik’s secret Communist Police, the Cheka, conducted a series of military operations that became known as the Red Terror. The Red Terror was more than just a collection of mass arrests, tortures, and murders; it was systematic oppression that targeted an entire class. The Red Terror helped the Red Army win the Russian Civil War through any means necessary.

My working citizens of Russia had come to visit me! However, it was not as positive at it had seemed. They had not come to greet me, but had instead come to petition for better working conditions, freedom, and a national legislature. And that is when the shooting had begun. I was terrified beyond belief, too scared to look out the window to figure out what was happening, but my curiosity had overridden my fear. I gazed out of the window, dazed, and to my horror I had seen my palace generals and police firing into the crowd of protestors! My beloved citizens were dropping down like flies, and I was too paralyzed to move from my position and call off the guards, that was one of the largest regrets of my life. That day, known as “Bloody Sunday”, has remained imprinted in my soul, and the repercussions of it, can never be forgotten, it had become a scar on the heart of Russia

The Italian resistance movement also knows as Resistenza or Movimento Partigiano, had a crucial impact on World War II final results. The movement has been active approximately since September 8 1943, also known as Armistice day, until the very beginning of May 1945.

The second half of the twentieth century was a time of revolution in Latin America and Nicaragua was a country that was forever changed by that time period. The Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN), also known as the Sandinistas, were an insurgency that was started by three college students who sought to overthrow a dictator and establish a Marxist style of government in the small central American country of Nicaragua. They learned from their defeats and learned how to be self-sufficient so that they could fight a long, protracted war. They were successful in their efforts and after eighteen years of conflict they overthrew a dictatorship and established a new government in their country.

The contrast to the Germans begs to be made. While the first are depicted as ruthless perpetrators who take no pity on their victims, the Italians are portrayed as ‘harmless’ occupiers so much so that

In the 20th century, terrorism continued to be associated with a vast array of anarchist, socialist, fascist and nationalist groups, many of them engaged in ‘third world’