The Relationship Between Induced Normothermia And Outcomes After Sah

Initially, cooling was recommended to 32° C-34° C[6, 7], but the enhanced effect of cooling at 33° C compared to 36° C in terms of mortality and neurological outcome could not be proven[2]. Since the most optimal cooling level is yet unknown, current (2015) Resuscitation Guidelines recommend mild hypothermia treatment regimen at the temperature range between 32° C and 36° C[3, 4].

ii. Hypothermia, defined as a core body temperature less than 36C, is a relatively common occurrence in the unwarmed surgical patient. A mild degree of perioperative hypothermia can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. (Hart et al., 2011)

Koran Z. Therapeutic Hypothermia in the Post-Resuscitation Patient: The Development and Implementation of an Evidence-Based Protocol for the Emergency Department. J Trauma Nursing 16: 48-57, Jan-March 2009. Web. 20 June 2015.

Secondary outcomes included: hypoglycemia with the threshold at 60 mg/dL, nosocomial pneumonia, and other nosocomial infections. Kramer et al. concluded that intensive glycemic control did not reduce mortality in neurocritical patients. However, nurses implementing tight glycemic control reduces the occurrence of poor neurological outcomes. Poor glycemic control should be avoided at all costs since it proves to be harmful. Therefore, the use of moderate glycemic control is recommended because intensive glycemic control can cause severe cases of hypoglycemia (Kramer et al., 2012).

hypertension. Therapeutic hypothermia (THT) has been considered an effective method for reducing ischemic injury of the brain due to cardiac arrest. But there are some opponents in the medical community who believe that broadening the scope of THT could be dangerous to patients. Although opponents do not seem to blame THT for adverse patient outcomes; the disagreement seems to be about the variables involved before hospital arrival, amount of time that it takes to administer THT in the ER, which therapies should be administered with THT and the need for more research that tracks adverse events. A study published by The American Journal of Emergency Medicine supports the widely held view that THT is an effective treatment for cardiac arrest

As stated on the clinical assessment, Sam has recorded a temperature of 37.8oC, “body temperature averages 37C +/- 0.5C and with a range of 35.8-38.2C” as published in (Marieb & Hoehn, 2011, p950), so I would assess Sam’s temperature as initially a low grade fever. As the majority of fevers in hospitals are due to infections (Marshall, 1993, p208). Low-grade fevers can occasionally accompany serious medical conditions with symptoms such as Sam’s difficulty breathing, confusion, decreased levels of consciousness and rapid heart rate. http://www.healthgrades.com/symptoms/low-grade-fever

These procedures are not reported alone but as add-on codes used to identify extraordinary conditions of patients and their unusual risk factors. There are four kinds of certain codes used for particular circumstances which are: 1) Anesthesia for the age younger than one year and over the age of seventy (99100), 2) Anesthesia complicated by the utilization of total body hypothermia (99116), 3) Anesthesia complicated by the utilization of controlled hypotension (99135) and 4)Anesthesia complicated by emergency circumstances

Also, I see that the SAE (Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage) that caused this hospitalization on was reported on 13Apr2017, but the event occurred 05Mar2017 to 14Mar2017 were you aware of this hospitalization prior to the patients week 24 visit on 12Apr2017, as SAEs need to be

Therapeutic hypothermia can save lives, as well as maintain neurological proficiency. The risks however are ever-present. The possibility of developing a cardiac arrhythmia is very possible. The fact is however that the majority of cardiac arrhythmias do not present immediate or life threatening dangers. It is possible, yet uncommon, for the arrhythmia to pose serious effects on the circulatory system, and therefore seeing as this is the most common problem that s caused by the use of therapeutic hypothermia, when weighed against the possibility of preserving neurological function and or saving a life, the benefits can potentially often outweigh the risks. Though there are other, more serious problems that can arise due to the use of this treatment, they are far less common, and or

For the collection of data, developed and verified NI surveillance was used. The NI surveillance was useful for measuring both the incidence and risk factors of VAP according to Katherason et al (2009). Demographical data, past medical history, medications, nutritional status, laboratory results, diagnosis, history of illness, etc were all included in the surveillance. The Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation III score measured the severity of the illness. The APCHE is comprised of the acute physiological score that entails the major physiological systems and the chronic health evaluation that incorporates the influence of co-morbid conditions on the patient’s current health (O'Keefe-McCarthy, Santiago, & Lau, 2008).

The results showed that the use of SUP in patients with severe sepsis did not have a significantly decreased risk of GI bleeding or an increased risk of CDI. However, the use of SUP in critically ill patients had an increased risk of HAP. As a result, SUP might be unnecessary for patients with severe sepsis. Although there is extensive research concerning the effectiveness of pharmacologic agents of SUP, this study illustrates that prophylactic SUP may lead to adverse outcomes. Nurses can benefit from this practice because it can help prevent complications like HAP when treating patients with severe sepsis.

During a mean follow-up time of 28, 8 months we found a deep infection in 18 patients (7, 1%) and wound dehiscence in 17 patients (6,6%). At 100 days after the last operation (survival time (1)) the infection rate was 3.65% (95% CI, 1.1% - 6.2%). For Survival time (2) (100 days after the first operation) the infection rate was 3.38% (95 %CI, 0.9 - 5.9%). 95% of patients were free of infection in the first 6 months follow up. No significant association was found between gender or hydrocephalus etiology. Taking into account the follow-up time, neither gender, diagnosis, age, EVD nor antibiotic impregnated catheters have a statistically significant effect on the infection-free interval. Only revision rate represents as a risk factor.

The Revised Atlanta Classification now divides AP into three classes of severity. It is mild, moderately severe or severe, whereas the previous classification referred only to mild and severe AP. Factors that determine the severity of disease include the presence of transient or persistent organ failure, and local or systemic complications. Mild AP occurs in the majority of patients with AP. It is characterized by the absence of organ failure, local or systemic complications. These patients are usually treated conservatively, do not often require imaging and may be discharged in the early phase. Symptoms usually resolve within 1 week. Moderately severe AP, this additional severity subtype was added in the most recent revised Atlanta Classification. It includes patients with AP and transient organ failure less than 48 hours and/or local complications. Mortality is much less than in those with severe disease. Severe AP is characterized by persistent organ failure for more than 48 hours. POF may involve one or multiple organs. Severe disease is associated with a mortality of 36 to 50% (17).

Hypothermia is a common problem in surgical patients. Up to 70% of patients experience some degree of hypothermia that is undergoing anesthetic surgery. Complications include but are not limited to wound infections, myocardial ischemia, and greater oxygen demands. The formal definition of hypothermia is when the patient’s core body temperature drops below 36 degrees Celsius or 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit. Thus, the purpose of the paper is to synthesize what studies reveal about the current state of knowledge on the effects of pre-operative warming of patient’s postoperative temperatures. I will discuss consistencies and contradictions in the literature, and offer possible explanations for the inconsistencies.

The proper yet least invasive route to perform the measurement of a core temperature in children has been an ongoing debate. Common methods or routes include axillary or in the armpit area, oral, rectal, tympanic, and temporal. Proper temperature measurement with an accurate result is important for diagnosis and treatment, especially in febrile children. False positive measurements can lead to extensive and unnecessary diagnostic testing while false negatives can lead to under treatment in a fragile population, which is why the