The Relationship Between Revolution, State Reform, And Industrialization

In the late 1700s the invention of new machines launched the first wave of industrial revolution. New technology

Several people believed that there were better ways to rule over a country. For example, Thomas Hobbes thought that people were born selfish and couldn't handle making their own decisions so they needed a stronger government; like an absolute monarchy. However, other Enlightenment thinkers believed the opposite. This made people question the way their government ran and people believed they deserved more rights. In the end, we gained a democracy. We created the Declaration of Independence, US Bill of Rights, The US Constitution and may more important documents. Rousseau helped form the ideas behind some of these important documents. He wrote the Social Contract which says that the government should rule according to the will of the people. Adam Smith also said that governments should not interfere with a free market economy. John Locke also believed that people should be able to rebel against their government if it was not protecting the natural rights of the people. Other philosophers contributed to the making of the government as well. Some including Montesquieu and Voltaire. That is how the American government was impacted by the

Leading up to 1865, the United States underwent its first Industrial Revolution. Factories began to develop and new labor techniques, such as the Lowell System, were implemented. There were significant changes to transportation and communication and new technologies began to develop. These innovations changed living and working conditions, urbanization, and overall life in the United States. Due to this, industrialization greatly impacted United States society from 1865 to 1900 through labor and political parties.

Imagine a life where we would still have to ride in carriages to get down the streets and make our own clothes instead of just buying them. Well times similar to these have passed after the Industrial Revolution had started taking place. In addition to these inventions, there were the interchangeable parts, improved transportation, communication, clothes, and modern cities. The Industrial Revolution started with the invention of the Steam Engine by James Watt in 1775 (1). It was basically an engine that would induce the energy of steam to move other machines such as trains and powering factories. It was an incredible source of energy for transportation and goods. Public transportation such as locomotives could now be powered by the steam engine and this increased the speed of travel, which lowered the time to arrive at the destination. After the steam engine, the cotton gin invented by Eli Whitney was another remarkable invention during the Industrial Revolution. This machine easily separated the cotton fibers from its seeds. The invention and usage of the cotton gin augmented cotton production, mostly in the south. The rise in agriculture production increased greater

Philosophers such as John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau both created systems in what they believed the ideal government should look like. In the Second Treatise on Government, “Locke held that human beings are born with natural rights of life, liberty, and property; they establish the state to protect these rights”. John Locke’s view on government conceptualizes the idea of the natural rights: life, liberty and property. It conveys that every citizen is born with natural rights and that the government is morally obligated to uphold them. By pushing for rights and freedom, Locke convinced people to think about self-upliftment, which establishes that the people should fight for justice. Rousseau, on the other hand brings more of an idea that the government ought to serve the general will, using his social contract. “The clauses of this contract...the total alienation of each associate, together with all of his rights, to a whole community” (The Social Contract). By having a utilitarian approach, Rousseau believes that the general will of the population supercedes every other criteria, meaning that with anything that the government does, it must have the people’s consent. This ideology reinforced ‘no taxation without representation’, as the people began to believe that it is their right to decide what is just. However, none of these ideas could have impacted

Historical patterns indicate that an oppressive government proves to be an excellent instigator for the organized mobilization of its citizens. Such was the case for the American and French Revolutions. Personal, cultural, and governmental differences, especially regarding proper administration, between the rulers and the ruled served as catalysts for major disruptions. The documents that emerged from these rebellions expressed political, religious, and philosophical issues as common motivations for upheaval. During the course of, as well as after, the respective revolutions of their nations, American and French revolutionary documents promoted ideals such as equality for all men, personal participation in law, and individual freedom of speech

It wasn't until the American Revolution halfway across the world on the other side of the Atlantic ocean that the metaphorical seed planted in France finally sprouted. The Americans took these Enlightenment ideas of freedom, liberty and equality, and immediately put them into effective action against British oppression, and thus the American Revolution began. The American Revolution borrowed heavily from Enlightenment ideas. In fact, Thomas Jefferson, a key character in the the Revolution, based his ideas directly on the ideas of Locke, declaring that all men were equal. Although he altered these ideas slightly by stating a more radical idea that the people could overthrow oppressive government, his idea that the government exists solely to serve its people was nonetheless identical to that of Locke.

The use of machinery was a shift from people producing and creating their own goods such as clothing and furniture to the mass production of goods in factories. During the Industrial Revolution, more and more people moved from rural environments to already overpopulated

New inventions came about to ease the production of goods that were being supplied. The creation of factories emerged by retailers who were struggling to meet the requirements of the masses surrounding them. The formation of power driven machinery was initiated in order to compete with

John Locke was been one of Americas most significant figures who influence how the country’s political system works today. Locke redefined the whole nature of the government, his views were similar to Thomas Hobbes’ ideas (Hobbes concluded that people are incapable of ruling themselves because it’s in our nature to self-centered not need to a strong leader to control us), however Locke was more optimistic about people’s ability to reason to help avoid tyranny. In Locke’s Second Treatise of Government he identified the basis to a reasonable government. According to Locke a ruler should gain their authority by the people who will be governed because the duty of the government is to protect the natural rights its people (life, liberty, and property), and said that if the government failed to protect these rights, the people should have the right to overthrow its government. These ideas greatly influence Thomas Jefferson when writing the Declaration of Independence. Federalism has also greatly impacted the political system in the United States because it’s the relationship between the authority and people. There are many ways the government can be divided. For example, a cooperative federalism is when the federal government governs unlimitedly and forces lower governments to supervise and enforce national

“Men being, as has been said, by nature, all free, equal and independent, no one can be put out of this estate, and subjected to the political power of another, without his own consent” (Locke Second Treatise of Government). Even as early as 1690, philosophers like John Locke have been preaching ideals that influenced the French and Haitian Revolutions. Some of the enlightened ideals are liberty; the state of being free from oppressive restrictions imposed by authority, equality; state of being equal in rights, status, and/or opportunities, fraternity; a state of brotherhood, and self-government; a government ruled by the people. During the French and Haitian Revolutions, most of the ideals were at least acknowledged, and some, like equality, were achieved during different events and time periods but in the end, these ideals was not maintained throughout the whole revolution. Equality, self-government, and fraternity have been attained during parts of the French and Haitian Revolutions but was not fully sustained.

The industrial revolution in America started in late 18th century as the production of goods changed from being handmade in home businesses, to machine crafted products made at factories. This revolution created many jobs which forced families to urbanize to industrial cities. As a result, it created a socioeconomic change of society and the upper, middle and working class were formed. As the frontier were pushed further and further west, Americans discovered that the new lands were rich on natural resources and they started tapping nature from whatever resource it had to offer. Large amount of forest was cut down, oil was pumped out of the ground in large amounts/volume and mills and mines were built to exploit the raw material which was huge

During the first exam, my knowledge strengths were in the topics of Industrialization, Urbanization and Reform. During the Industrialization, Urbanization and reform period, immigration became quite prevalent in the United States. Many immigrants came looking for a better life for themselves and their families. Unfortunately, many immigrants were forced to work longs hours for little pay in dangerous working conditions. With immigration, came backlash amongst American citizens, leading to racism and acts, such as the Chinese Exclusion Act. Meanwhile, more women and children began working during the gilded age. Inventions, such as typewrites, assisted in propelling the performance of employers in the workplace. Labor unions also unified workers

The Industrial Revolution was the main contributor of the development of factories and modern day machinery. The Industrial Revolution created hundreds of new jobs, influenced many new inventions, and created many new ways of creating and transporting goods. Many jobs including spinners, miners, factory workers, and farmers were beginning to rise in population, due to the new technology being created in the 18th and 19th centuries. The start of new inventions coming into view was beginning in Britain, with many agricultural tools creating new ways to plow and yield crops. Later on, it caused new forms of transportation to be developed, for example, railroads and canals. This essay will explain exactly how these causes began, and how they

Both the Industrial Revolution and the French Revolution induced great social transformations from the end of the 18th century on. The revolutions laid the foundation for the journey of modernization for Great Britain and France. Although the two countries were merely separated by the English Channel, the relatively low degree of pre-industrial international communications hindered the interaction of both events. Nevertheless, it is not coincidental that the revolutions occurred roughly at the same time: the rapidly increasing economic demand as well as the emergence of enlightenment philosophies served as the stimuli. However, the varied application and reaction to the two elements are country-based: the difference in the availability of natural resources, the class relations in each states, and the dissimilar applications of the philosophical ideas developed into the two distinctively varied revolutions.