The Reproductive System: A Review of the Anatomy, Responsibilities and Functions of Each System

There are multiple methods for screening for Prostate Cancer; the most common is Digital Rectal Examination. During a digital rectal exam a doctor inserts a glove, lubricated finger into the rectum to feel for any irregular or abnormal firm area in the prostate gland.

20) The seminal vesicles produce ________, to serve as the energy source to fuel sperm motility.

How would the removal of the testes or the ovaries affect a man or a woman? Be sure to mention the hormonal implications of such a procedure.

The gonads are the male and female reproductive organs, the testes (males) and ovaries (females). The testes and ovaries produce androgens (testosterone) and estrogens, these hormones affect aggressiveness, mood, and sexual interest and behavior. Higher levels of these hormones have been shown to promote aggressiveness in both sexes (Morris and Maisto, 2002).

49.) Scrotum: Is the sac that is located below the penis and it contains the testicle. The numerous glands in the skin of the scrotum produce sweat. These responses help regulate the temperature of the testicles. The temperature in the scrotum is 2-3 degrees centigrade lower than in the interior of the body. Sperm can be produced only at a temperature several degrees lower than the normal body temperature, and any variation can result in sterility.

This complex organ can be found in upper right side of the abdomen. It is unique because it is a dual functioning organ. The first function is to control the body’s blood sugar level. The second function is to secrete insulin and glucagon. Lastly, I studied the testes of the fetal pig, which I found at the end of the scrotum under the skin. The teste are a key part in the process of secreting testosterone. After completing this section I began to dissect the last system of the pig.

The SRY gene is a very important aspect in determining the sex of an individual. In fact it is the SRY that specifically could be seen as the powerhouse machine in determining the sex of an individual. The SRY gene commonly called the Sex Determining Region of the Y- chromosome can normally cause the testis to develop rather than an ovary when it is presented in the chromosome. The function of the SRY gene is to provide a set of instructions for making the Sex-Determining region of the Y protein, which can also perform as a transcription factor, binding to specific regions of DNA and aid in the control and regulation of particular genes. Changes

The prostate is a walnut sized shaped gland surrounding the top of the urethra whose growth and function is controlled by hormones such-as testosterone. A normal prostate in adult men has a mean weight of about 11g. The function of the prostate is to produce a majority of seminal fluid (Marker et al. 2003).

Semen is the male reproductive fluid, containing spermatozoa in suspension. Sperm is a male reproductive cell. Prostate is a gland surrounding the neck of the bladder in male mammals and releasing prostatic fluid. Urethra is a duct by which urine is convey out of the body from the bladder, and which in male vertebrates also conveys semen. Penis is the male genital organ of higher vertebrates, carrying the duct for the transfer of sperm during copulation. Glans is the head of a penis. A shaft is the cylindrical part of the penis between the scrotum and head. Seminiferous tubules is any of the numerous long convoluted tubules in the testis which are the sites where spermatozoa mature. Seminal vesicles is each of a pair of glands that open into the vas deferens near its junction with the urethra and secrete many of the components of semen. Bladder is a membranous sac in human and other animals, which urine is collected for excretion.

Testosterone in the male is produced mainly in the testes and a small amount is

The urethral opening is located on the underneath the penis, instead of the tip, and may exit the penis anywhere along its shaft as high as the scrotum.

The penis is the male organ through which sperm cells are transferred from the male to the female. The penis contains three columns of erectile tissue. Engorgement of this erectile tissue with blood causes the penis to enlarge and become firm this process is called erection. Two of the erectile columns form the dorsum and sides of the penis and are called the corpora cavernosa. The third column, the corpus spongiosum, forms the ventral portion of the penis. It expands to form a cap over the distal end of the penis. The spongy urethra passes through the corpus spongiosum, penetrates the glans penis, and opens as the external urethral orifice. At the base of

The most accurate way to detect cancer cells inside the prostate gland is the surgical removal and histopathological examination of the entire gland. As this approach is clinically inapplicable to each patient with suspicious findings, Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) guided prostatic biopsy is considered the standard diagnostic procedure for the detection of prostate cancer for patients with a high suspicion for prostate cancer 1.

The male reproductive system is divided into two categories: internal and external reproductive organs. External organs are outside the body and internal organs are inside the body.

Testes are kept in the scrotum sac and are two oval shaped glands, about 8,5cm long and 2.5cm wide. A midline septum divides the scrotum into two halves and each testical is covered in two tunics; the Tunica vaginalis from the peritoneum and the Tunica albuginea which is a deeper tunic and a fibrous capsule. The septa from this layer then divides the testes into 250 – 300 wedge shaped compartments or lobules. It is in these lobules that seminiferous tubules are found, where sperm is made. Each lobule contains about 1 – 4 seminiferous tubules. The network into which seminiferous tubules empty is called the Rete testis. After which, the epididymis receives sperm from the rete testis network.