The Role Of Graphene On Technological Development Today

However, only experts like scientists and researchers who studies on the said topic have conceptual ideas about nanotechnology, about the advantages and disadvantages of the up and coming field of science. The founder of nanotechnology, Eric Drexler, said that his discovery can solve the many problems of society such as the lack of food, medicine, energy, and power. Professor Therese Rosbero, a lab professor in DLSU-Manila, stated that nanotechnology is a field of science in which other products of science such as biology, chemistry, physics, and medicine are applied all at the same time. She said that nanotechnology is composed of nanoparticles which are too small to be seen by the naked eye (Personal communication, 2015). On the other hand, most of the people in the society have zero to no knowledge about the inner parts of nanotechnology. At the early ages of nanotechnology, the public’s perception about nanotechnology is all about optimism and excitement as it poses potential life changing benefits (Priest, 2012). However, that perception of the people about nanotechnology changed as the once hidden properties of nanotechnology are slowly showing their capability to be harmful and less beneficial to society. Even though most of the people do not know anything about

In 1779, Carl Wilhelm Scheele showed another allotrope of carbon graphite, which were known as a form of lead in early times. He found out that graphite was almost identical to charcoal except a small admixture of iron, and when it oxidized with nitric acid, it gave out “aerial acid” (carbon dioxide). In 1786, the French scientists Claude Louis Berthollet, Gaspard Monge and Vandermonde confirmed that graphite was mostly carbon by oxidizing with oxygen in the same way

Fullerene was first recorded in a Japanese article, Kagaku, written by Eiji Osawa in 1970 which stated the prediction on the existence of C60 compound [1]. In the following year, a conjecture on the stability of C60 was established by Osawa and Yoshida where the aromatic characteristic of C60 was described further. The stability was further better-explained when the Hückel’s calculation method was applied and introduced to the icosahedron structure of C60 by Bochvar and Gal’pern [2]. The prediction of fullerene structure was discussed based on graphite balloon speculation made by David Jones using pseudonym of Daedalus in a journal, The Scientist [3]. This speculation was essentially describing the gas-phase carbon cluster in the form of geodesic cages which is applied to giant fullerenes compound [2].

Graphene is a form of carbon which has recently been receiving a great deal of attention. Some have come to call it “the wonder material” due to its many extraordinary properties. Although isolated in 2004, graphene's properties had been calculated decades earlier. It consists of a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice. A single sheet of graphene is stronger than steel and yet remains very flexible, retaining all of its properties despite being bent and unbent multiple times. It is able to sustain extremely high electric current densities, is impermeable to all gasses, has a thermal conductivity double that of diamond and a very high electron mobility at room temperature. It is also easily chemically functionalized,

Carbon nanotubes are cylindrical in shape and, made up of carbon atoms that have extraordinary properties. “At a singular level,

Applications, such as for the transparent conductive electrode, and many other possible applications. Measuring micromechanically peeling layer graphene has been experimentally studied for over 40 years, and transport properties of graphene, the growth in [16among many other potential applications. Graphene is experimental study for over 40 years, and the transport properties of the release layer was measured micromechanically graphene grown in a growth in the copper (Cu) largearea graphene substrate, and a variety of chemical modifi version involves the use of graphene (CMG ), so that the new material,] there are some leads to surge in the number of publications and number, for example, funded by the National Science Foundation recently awarded the United States.

On October 7, 1885, an extraordinary man from Demark was born. A baby boy, who was yet to find out the impact he would have on this world. This man was Niels Bohr, and he made fundamental contributions in the way one can understand the atom 's structure. In addition to the structure, he also had an impact in the early development in quantum mechanics. His impact not only made a change in history, but also changed the way people looked at the atom’s structure. We can now build and learn from Niels Bohr and his foundations.

The development of battery types has been a slow process for many years, with new technology relying on such batteries being produced at a much swifter pace. However, scientists believe that it would be much more convenient and effective to have wearable batteries. Researchers at the University of Manchester have taken on the responsibility of producing new batteries that could be printed on shirts and other articles of clothing. The battery, more officially known as a supercapacitor, is made of an extremely thin material called graphene and can easily be printed onto a variety of fabrics, allowing medical equipment and even phones to remain charged as well as strengthening the fabric due to graphene’s high

The aim of this review is to introduce graphene as potential material in manufacturing electronic devices. In this review, graphene properties, structure, forms of formations, productions techniques are discussed briefly below. The advantages and drawbacks of the applications of graphene-based materials are being addressed briefly in this review. In general, graphene has emerged becoming one of the most valuable innovation material in various fields in the meantime offers new insights of new quantum physics that continue to amaze the public.

Structural defects are inevitable in graphene due to its production techniques as well as chemical and heat treatment processes. These defects in graphene are introduced either during the production process or deliberately by us to tailor its properties. In this article, the effect of nearest neighbour distance and angular orientation between Stone-Thrower-Wales defects (STW-2) on the mechanical properties and failure morphology of graphene was investigated in the frame of molecular dynamics. Mechanical properties and failure morphology of graphene was predicted to be the function of angular orientation between STW-2 defects, when the nearest neighbour distance was in the range of 10 Å. Graphene sheet containing pair of STW-2 defects had shown an overall increase of 8% and 11% in fracture strength and strain respectively as compared to graphene with single STW-2 defect. This study also characterised the failure morphology of graphene sheet with single and pair of STW-2 defects in the armchair direction.

The evolution of society has always been clear, and even more so that science contributed to this evolution. As a result, many people strive to be scientists, and in this study I will educate the reader on the requirements to become: what I believe to be the future, a Nano scientist. By the simplest of definitions, Nano science can be described as a convergence of physics, chemistry, materials science and biology, which deals with the manipulation and characterization of matter on length scales between the molecular and the micron-size. Nano scientists are expected to perform research related to formations at the atomic and subatomic levels. In addition, they must have excellent hand eye coordination as well as persistence and patience. Above all, the reader must first decide if this seems

Graphene is emerging as a potential candidate for developing nanocomposites with desired mechanical properties, thermal and electrical conductivities. Due to its exceptional mechanical properties, thermal and electrical conductivities graphene can also be used for more conventional purposes as compared to carbon nano tubes, which is

Rao et al. (2009) discussed that graphene is a fascinating new nanocarbon possessing, single-, bi- or few layers of carbon atoms forming six-membered rings which were investigated by X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The extraordinary electronic, magnetic and electrochemical properties of single and bi layer graphene are unique and unexpected.

Stone-Thrower-Wales (STW) defect also referred as pentagon-heptagon-heptagon-pentagon (5-7-7-5) defect is formed by rotating a C-C bond by π/2, which transforms 4 hexagons into 2 pentagons and 2 heptagons as illustrated in Fig.1. Due to hexagonal and symmetric geometry of graphene system, only two types of STW defects are possible, STW1 and STW2 defects that are explained with the help of Fig.1. One of the main feature of graphene with STW defects is that it retains the same number of atoms as the pristine graphene, and also forms without creating any dangling bonds.

Graphene was also theorized by chemist Linus Pauling in 1960 when he was guessing what would the properties and behaviors of a single layer of carbon atoms be like. In his book (Pauling, 1960) (3), he explained the reason on why graphene would have strong bonds. This was largely due to the carbon atoms sp2 orbitals and the flat two dimensional shape.