The Role Of Trauma In Disabled Women

On my 17th birthday, I walked into my bedroom to see a snow white puppy with brown spots. He was in the middle of the floor laying on a furry, green pet pillow. A 4 month old pekingese that I named Baizil. He was afraid at first and only came out of the room for food, and to use the bathroom. Baizil was the sweetest ,laziest, most overprotective dog I had ever seen.

Carlson, B (2000) Children exposed to intimate partner violence: Research findings and implications for intervention. Trauma Violence Abuse, October 2000 1: Pages 321-324

Traumatized children show outcomes of negative physical and mental health once entering adulthood. DeJong talks about the different types of stress. In this section of the article, the author describes the difference between positive stress, tolerable stress, and toxic stress. DeJong describes tolerable stress as having supportive relationships, whereas he describes toxic stress as having a lack of supportive relationships. The author states that experiencing toxic stress in early in childhood could lead to child traumatic stress. According to DeJong, “Child traumatic stress is the physical and emotional responses of a child to events that threaten the life or physical integrity of the child or of someone critically important to the child” (205). Traumatic stress occurs in response to a single traumatic event or reoccurring traumatic events. The author states traumatic stress could lead to toxic stress if it makes changes to the way the body reacts to it. As the article continues, the author begins to describe the effects of toxic stress in multiple body systems. DeJong describes the effects of toxic stress on the social/ behavioral system, the brain and neuroendocrine system, and the molecular and genetic levels. The tone of these sections of the article is very informal. The author did a great job of providing an explanation of the consequences of domestic violence exposure to children, as well as

Domestic violence can lead to several long-lasting effects for both adults and children. While growing up, children’s brains are very susceptible to remembering and reenacting what they have previously seen. In the case of domestic violence, children can suffer from adverse childhood experiences, ACEs, which have long-lasting effects such as having trouble with school work, personality problems, social development issues, and more cognitive struggles (UNICEF, 2006, p. 4). As discussed by Karen Kenney in her book “Domestic Violence” Emotional trauma can lead to elevated levels of stress which can cause a variety of health problems. This trauma can also cause depression which can lead to thoughts of suicide and cause PTSD or Post Traumatic Stress

The genres are different because gothic literature has strange and violent plot lines whereas magical realism contrasts reality and fantasy with supernatural and unreal elements. For instance in Edgar Allan Poe’s “Fall of the House of Usher”, “... and in her violent and now final death agonies, bore him to floor a corpse, and a victim to terrors he had anticipated.”(line 45-47).

The number of incidents of elder abuse will continue to increase, as the population of elderly continues to grow throughout the year. Each year, more than thousands of older adults physically abused, uncared for, and exploited. Many victims are classified as people who are the older adults who are weak, defenseless and cannot help themselves. With over 30% of nursing homes nationwide were cited for elder abuse, 5,283 facilities — were cited for almost 9,000 instances of abuse (“Elderly Abused at 1 in 3 Nursing Homes: Report,” 2015). Elderly people who live in nursing homes or other residential care may not be able to communicate with anyone that they have been either abused or neglected by a health care worker or faculty member since some may have a medical condition from different illnesses and disabilities that weakens their capability to speak. On the other hand, those who can speak and may have been physically abused may not wish to tell anyone since they may fear that the

Childhood trauma is not just widely prevalent but also has pervasive implications for diverse areas of functioning (van der Kolk, 2005). However, research indicates that childhood trauma assessment is often prevented by the social taboos associated with such events as neglect, abuse and exposure to violence yet it is important to acknowledge this. The Adverse Childhood Experiences Studies indicate that there is a very strong relationship between early adverse childhood experiences and other long-term effects such as depression, attempts of suicide, abusing substances like alcohol, cigarette or drugs, domestic violence, reduced physical activity, obesity, sexual promiscuity and sexually transmitted diseases. They also predispose people to develop physical ailments such as heart disease, diabetes,

Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) or domestic violence (DV) reportedly affects more than 5 million Americans each year (Goodley & Fowler, 2006). IPV is the most common cause of nonfatal injury to women it the United States (U.S.). It is an ongoing issue that was first widely recognized as a major societal concern in the 1970’s (Nicholls &Hamel 2015). It is a significant problem with critical consequences for an individuals overall health and well-being. IPV not only has acute effects but lifelong implications as well. It is not limited to one group but crosses all barriers, it has an effect on both genders, people of all ages, all races, all cultures, all educational levels and all socio-economical backgrounds. Although, IPV affects both genders, this paper will focus primarily on women. It will seek to examine the repercussions of IPV on the victim’s health as well as children exposed to IPV. This topic is important to discuss in order to reduce the occurrence of IPV and to be able to better support victims of IPV. It is not a problem that can be solved overnight or with one specific intervention, but must be addressed through a collaborative effort from individuals within a community.

These health problems may continue to be an issue even after the relationship has ended, the psychological consequences of violence can be as serious as the physical effects. Victims are left with posible life lasting mental consiquenses.

However, “whittling away of self-esteem associated with having a disability is a precursor for abuse” (Slayter, 2009 p 2). Disabled women are more dependent on their partners for daily life activities and are often excluded in community interactions. These precursors contribute to the delay in reporting of the abuse and victims often remain in volatile relationships with partners. In addition, physical obstacles and the limited ability to communicate with those in positions to assist them will often hinder the disabled IPV victims’ desire to seek help. An increase in awareness of IPV among disabled women is needed in collaboration with an easier less difficult process in reporting violence and abuse against

Childhood problems associated with exposure to domestic violence fall into three categories. First we have behavioral, social, and emotional problems in which higher levels of aggression appears such as anger, disobedience, fear, low self- esteem, and poor social relationships began. Sometimes children become aggressive or abusive towards their own family members. Often times women experience domestic violence from their sons while others may be abused by their partner and their children at the same time. Males usually copy their fathers behavior or they may be afraid they will turn out like them. Although this may be a temporary behavior which is disturbing women must do something to protect themselves as well as their other children

The authors presented information surrounded around the relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, treatment and overall changes of health symptoms in women. Negative and positive symptoms were studied and consisted of things like exercise, healthy eating habits, and smoking to see if those things played a role or interfered with the effects of treatment on PTSD.

A Numerical Representation of the Truth Of every 100 incidents of sexual assault, only 6 are reported to the police 1 - 2% of "date rape" sexual assaults are reported to the police 1 in 4 North American women will be sexually assaulted during their lifetime 11% of women have physical injury resulting for sexual assault Only 2 - 4% of all sexual assaults reported are false reports 60% of sexual abuse/assault victims are under the age of 17 over 80% of sex crime victims are women 80% of sexual assault incidents occur in the home 17% of girls under 16 have experienced some form of incest 83% of disabled women will be sexual assaulted during their lifetime 15% of sexual assault victims are boys under 16 half of all sexual offenders are married

Trauma can be described in many ways physical, sexual, emotional or mentally. For children and adolescent’s trauma and being victims of trauma can come for three different factors such as genetic or biological factors such as a DNA, problems with chromosomes, age of the parents during conception, or anything that may have affected the fetus/infant’s prenatal or post-natal care; environmental factors include surrounding areas both inside and outside of the home; and lasting their social or personal relationships, thus can include bullying, or assault (D’Andrea, Ford, Stolbach, Spinazzola, & Van der Kolk, 2012). Interpersonal trauma can affect a child/adolescents social, psychological, cognitive and biological development (D’Andrea, Ford,

Throughout the course of one’s lifetime, there are countless events that shape the personality, actions and mentality of that individual. Some of these events will affect the individual in a positive way allowing great life opportunities, while other events will unfortunately affect the individual in a negative way which can lead to disorders. Among the various events that can affect a person, one of the most common occurrences that some children witness early on in their lives that deeply affect their long-term mental health is being a witness to domestic violence. Research and observations that were studied revealed that there are multiple factors that can contribute to a child witnessing domestic violence. The more categories that the