The Role Of Women During The Workforce Debate

. Societal views and expectations regarding gender in America can also be attributed to why women continue to encounter discrimination in the workplace. Throughout history, American society has considered women's roles to revolve around childbearing and raising a family. In the article "Breadwinner Moms," Wang, Parker and Taylor from the Pew Research Center of Social and Demographic Trends describe how over time, women have shown an increased presence in the workplace (U.S Department of Labor), and have also taken a stronger role in the family home by becoming the main provider for the family (Wang et al., YEAR).

American sexism has changed dramatically over the years, but it is far from perfect. Today many women in America face sexism in many areas throughout their lives; especially in workplaces. Women face sexist stereotype that holds them back from rising up as corporate ladders, especially in jobs that have a high ratio of men compared to women. Sexist comments such as “women are weak to do this kind of job” , “these are men 's jobs” and ”women are too emotional to work” often causes a woman to be cautious of how she acts, making sure she is not feminine or that she does not cause trouble or repercussions. But, that is not all sexism is doing, often times women face discrimination at workplaces especially after entering motherhood.

Introduction Women play a humongous role in today’s society, but 100 years ago that was not the case. The evolution of women in the workplace, and society in general continues to change daily. Women started joining the workforce during World War 2 (the 1940s) to fill the positions of men who were deployed in the war overseas. Women were not seen as workers before World War 2; they were seen as stay at home mothers. Women were “supposed” to stay at home cooking and cleaning.

In society “when a man offers to help, we shower him with praise and rewards. But when a woman helps, we feel less indebted” usually due to societal view of women as “mothers” (Grant np). Not all women are mothers or want to be treated that way. Their work is just as much of an energy use, help, and debt in some cases. Even highly educated women are discriminated against. “At every level of academic achievement, women’s median earnings are less than men’s earnings, and in some cases, the gender pay gap is larger at higher levels of education (“Simple np). The work of a woman is devalued, and wrongly accounted for. All help at work needs to be accounted for, “Most organizations regularly assess individual accomplishments. Why not track acts of helping as well? assigning communal tasks evenly rather than relying on volunteers can also ensure that support is shared, noticed, and valued” (Grant np). Although it may not be assigned work, any work in the workplace should be accounted for. “For example, the expectation that women more than men bear the responsibility to raise children gently nudges thousands of highly educated women out of full-time work” (Thompson np). Women are devalued due to the past values of the patriarchy. Often men are seen as head of families and providers, while that is completely incorrect. Women’s work is just as valuable

In addition to defining gender, Padavic and Reskin coin the term “gendering” to describes circumstances or outcomes that, like gender, are socially constructed and tend to give males certain advantages over females. Three key components—the assignment of tasks based on workers’ sex, a higher value placed on men’s work than on women’s work, and employers’ and workers’ social constructions of gender on the job—make up gendering. (Padavic and Reskin, 6). It allows males to maintains certain advantages over females, thus maintaining the force and coercion dimension of inequality. Sex and gender differentiation have existed since the beginning of the labor force, and have paved the way for the assignment of different tasks to men and women throughout the years. When the labor force first emerged following the Industrial Revolution, it was comprised of people who either worked for pay or were actively seeking paid work. The labor force split working people into three different groups—wage workers, unemployed, and nonemployed. This distinction between paid work in the labor market and unpaid domestic work by the “nonemployed” has had important consequences for gender inequality. Since then, men have been more likely than women to belong to the labor force, and women have been more likely than

The armed forces are the ones who protect and serve our country. Back then the military, the navy, and the air force had one thing in common—they only recruited the men to serve and protect. Now over time women are finally allowed to serve along sides the men, but not without putting up a fight for equality in the armed forces. The author Rosalind Chait Barnett, who is a scientist and a director and the Brandeis University, wrote the article “Women and Work: Where Are We, Where Did We Come From, and Where Are We Going?” which talks about the past of of only the women being oppressed. Martha McSally, who is a professor at the George C. Marshall European Center and is also retired from the U.S. Air Force, wrote the article “Defending America

“Gender Roles Attitudes since 1872 In social Trends..”, Campbell discusses the gender roles and their representations within numerous fields. In addition, Campbell mentions that the politics, in particular, have seen an increase in women involved within the government. Campbell mentions that during the 20th century, many women were not in the workforce. After WWII, they began seeing an increase of women entering the labor force. In 2000, 60%of wives with children younger than six entered into the workforce, as were 80% single women”(Campbell, 83). GSS measured numerous items about women in 1972 and got numerous responses.

Terms are often redefined and altered in society. Whether the outcome is positive or negative, society can also alter terms in order to create stereotypes. There are thousands of stereotypes related to women and them working. Some common stereotypes against women are: “women are supposed to make less money than men”, “the best women are stay-at-home moms”, “women are supposed to cook and do housework”, and “women are responsible for raising children.” Almost every woman has heard one of those stereotypes at least once throughout their lifetime. (Brewer) The second-wave women’s movement was an event in the 1960s that helped to shape the workforce for women. The second-wave “focused on dismantling workplace inequality, such as denial of access

Throughout the course of history, the roles of men and women have always been directed by gender. In American culture, the male stereotypic role has long been associated with authority, strength, aggression, competitiveness, and dominance. In contrast, female stereotypic roles have been associated with being loving, compassionate, nurturing, and sympathetic. Traditionally, men have worked outside the home and functioned as the sole breadwinner for the family. They held some of the most important jobs in society, such as military men, doctors, lawyers and politicians. Women, on the other hand, were long considered naturally weaker than men and incapable to perform work requiring muscular or intellectual ability. For this reason, throughout most of history, women generally had fewer legal rights and occupational opportunities than men. Motherhood and wifehood were considered a woman’s most important profession and they were expected to stay home and run the household sphere, while working to improve society by raising moral children. It wasn’t until the 20th century that women in America became more “equal” to men. Since then, they have progressed considerably in all aspects of public life – politics, occupation, education, etc. Despite women’s indisputable gains,

Women’s work is often undervalued because of the two arguments mentioned before, gender stereotypes and segregation in the workplace (McGrew). Women’s work in the job force and the work they do as a parent is undervalued. In the workplace, women in both higher and lower paying job fields are seen as unqualified for the work. As a mother, women are expected to give up all other passions or aspirations to be a mother, while still providing for their children financially. Either way a woman’s potential is judged based on her gender, instead of her work ethic, qualifications or hard

Women have suffered a struggle with gaining their rights for centuries, and now

stereotypes have laid down habits of thinking that allow us to automatically expect less from women, to underestimate their abilities and their work, to categorize each successful woman as an exception. Research has shown that both men and women are prejudiced against women. In studies that do find gender-based differences in the evaluation of work, that difference is usually in favor of men. The tendency to undervalue women and what they can do is so powerful that an influx of women into an occupation or profession is enough to lower its status in the eyes of observers.

The generation now has made it easier to equalize men and women but there is still a substantial amount of places where gender inequality is still happening in the workplace and where females still face discrimination. Women are often discriminated in the workplace and are usually not promoted as quickly as men are and they also receive less pay. History shows that women have not always been defined as property and thought of as second class citizens. But in the 21st century many have seen a drastic change in the so called “traditional” family ways where women are suppose to stay home and take care of the household chores, food, and children and men are suppose to work to support their family and provide financial stability. Many assume that in the workplace women are more vulnerable and less competent than men because women 's instincts are to put their family before work or anything else. Whereas men are the ones who will usually stay the late hours to work. People on both sides of the political spectrum and everywhere in between seem to be fearful of what is to come and more fearful of others than they are often willing to admit.

Conventionally, females played a very insignificant role in the paid work force of a society as many times they were expected to be home taking care of their family. Their roles at home can often include grocery shopping, meeting all the needs of her children and husband. As time moved on, our society became more accepted of sharing housework between the couples, but even so, the traditionally more feminine housework such as cooking, caring for sick children, and shopping for the entire family are mostly done by the females of the house. It is argued in a research journal Work and Occupations (Witkowski & Leicht, 1995) that in an average North American family, females take on roughly three-quarters of the housework. Even though we are in a democratic society, parenting roles in the household are assigned based on gender rather than in a democratic fashion (Winslow-Bowe, 2009). Because of the many responsibilities and obligations that are associated with the female gender, their career paths are eventually affected for the worse. According to Statistics Canada (2001), for every dollar a man earns, a single woman earns 93 cents and a married woman earns 69 cents. These statistics

During this last century societal views towards women have drastically changed, from being looked at as a homemaker, to a businesswoman, to a mother, and now a working mother. One thing that hasn’t changed through the years is how women are critiqued for what they do and how they do it. If a woman takes care of the house she’s lazy and doesn't use her potential. If a women works in the office more than she’s at home she doesn’t connect with her family enough. The latest judgement women are facing: are working mothers better mothers. Today, women are being put against each other to be viewed as the “better mother” just by looking at their profession.