The Role of Hermaphrodites in Society
In Ruth Gilbert’s At the Border’s of the Human, she discusses society’s interest in hermaphrodites in terms of “people’s desire to examine, scrutinize, and display objects which are alien, strange and other” (6). The anomalous and bizarre spectacle of the hermaphroditic body has drawn the focus of scientists since the early sixteenth century. Hermaphrodites have long evoked a “mixture of disgust and desire, and fear and fascination”(Gilbert 150) that has led to their position as objects of scientific scrutiny. As defined by Random House Webster’s College Dictionary, a hermaphrodite is “an individual in which reproductive organs of both sexes are present”. Besides hermaphrodites challenging
…show more content…
In an attempt to give the abnormality of a hermaphrodite a reason, or cause for existence, the Myth of Hermaphroditus was created. In Book IV of The Metamorphoses as told by Ovid, the son of Hermes and Aphrodite travels to a wonderfully beautiful lake in Caria. There he encounters the nymph of the lake, Salmacis, who falls desperately in love with him. To her dismay, she is rejected after an attempt to capture his love. The next day, as Hermaphroditus is swimming in the lake, Salmacis dives in and clings to his body, praying to the gods that their bodies never be separated again. Granting her wish, the gods join their bodies into a single being as they sink to the bottom of the lake (Brisson 42). Thus, the name Hermaphrodite is given to persons with both sex organs.
In Third sex, Third Gender, Gilbert Herdt states that the criteria of a hermaphrodite defines “a symbolic niche and a social pathway of development into later adult life distinctly different from the cultural life plan set out by a model based on male/female duality” (68). He insists that hermaphrodites defy the norm of society in not just a physical way, but culturally. The impact of this gender differentiation is a “victory of nature over culture” and a “triumph of the third sex” (Herdt 68). To illustrate the torment and humiliation hermaphrodites faced prior to their societal acceptance, is the following story of a
In Octavia Butler’s Dawn the idea of gender is deconstructed and reformed from the typical human’s definition. Often people do not consider the role of gender in society today. Usually the first thing one notices when meeting someone new is their gender or their presumed gender. However, there becomes a problem when the person whose gender we perceived identifies as a different gender. Butler forces the reader to examine how they judge and perceive gender. While the ooloi are actually “its” their personalities seem to imply a certain gender. The transgender community often brings up this issue because these assumptions of gender based on our judgments of what defines a male and what defines a female can skew how a transgender person is treated and addressed. In Chapter One of Gender Through the Prism of Difference by Anne Fausto-Sterling, the idea of expanding the number of genders based on one’s biological differences is examined through the five sexes theory. By now the concept of gender being defined solely by one’s biology has mostly been left in the past but the question remains of how do we truly define gender? How does being outside of the social norms that Michael Warner talks about cause us to feel shame when discussing our gender and our perceptions of gender? In this essay, I will argue that preconceived notions of gender create shame when a person’s own perception of their gender does not fit the social norms. This stigma around the limited and strict definitions
The paper written by Kennedy and Davis, which was called The Reproduction of Butch-Fem Roles: A Social Constructionist Approach, provides further evidence that the history of sexuality is young and
The documentary Middle Sexes: Redefining He and She sheds light on the difficult lives of individuals who identify with the opposite gender. The writer Anthony Thomas uses biology to prove to the audience that intersexual’s didn’t necessarily make that choice for themselves. Thomas says that on in every hundred people is born with unidentifiable genitalia (Thomas). This is referred to as intersex. The beginning of the film focuses on a young boy named Noah who takes interest in the stereotypical “girly or feminine” activities. This movie has lead me to realize that society's perspective on gender and sexuality is heavily influenced by the media. The media strictly portrays what society knows as the norms of human
Sexual selection was an idea proposed by Darwin and refers to the process in which males and females attempt to maximize their chances of reproductive success. Within a species there are certain characteristics that make individuals attractive to potential mates. An example of this is in peacocks, female peacocks are attracted to males with long brightly colored tails, even though this makes them easier to be spotted by predators. This characteristic then evolves within the species due to how males with this characteristic have a higher chance of reproductive success and their characteristics being passed on to surviving offspring.
Hannah Carson, a 16-year-old high school girl, has a secret that only she and her immediate family knows because if the news would to ever be revealed, she would be regarded as a freak in the eyes of society. For as long as Hannah could remember, she has been told by her parents that she should use the female’s bathroom even though she personally identifies herself as a male. Hannah is what society calls a transgender. She and many others like her are starting to emerge into the mainstream society to express their feelings and take their rights. This can be seen in the article “Bathroom Battlegrounds and Penis Panics” which is about should people who have penises be permitted or restricted from using female restrooms. We will analyze this article through several sociological key concepts.
It is hard to challenge what is seemingly normalized in society. Especially when looking into the realm of gender and sexuality, the male and female gender accompanied by heterosexuality is often just accepted and deemed as a social norm. Social institutions such as marriage, health-care laws, and the economic system benefit those who act within the heteronormative behaviors and appropriate gender expression. The gender binary, though, is far from accurate when assuming personal identity. If someone follows the social script of the femininity, he or she is expected to be female and possess female anatomy. The same goes for men: if he or she expresses masculinity he or she is expected to be male with male anatomy. Anything outside of this expectation is deemed socially unacceptable and subject to backlash. With the strong ties Western society has to the gender binary and appropriate gender roles, it is impossible to picture anything else. The Fa’fafine in Samoa, however, present a great challenge to the norms instilled in society.
Individuals are given the gift of life when they are born into this world. Many agree that everyone is blessed and should not take their lives for granted. To be truly alive, individuals must be overjoyed and pursue happiness. However, others would describe their lives as a joke. To be precise, many would be ashamed of who they are. A very strong example of an ashamed soul would be Calliope, the main protagonist of Middlesex by Jeffrey Eugenides. In the story, Eugenides tells the tale of Callie, who is supposedly a monster because she is a hermaphrodite. Being a hermaphrodite indicates that someone has the sex organs associated with both genders. By definition, Callie is an abnormal freak. Eugenides
The Female Reproductive System parts are gametes, which is a mature haploid male or female germ cell that is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in several reproductions to form a zygote. Egg is a person possessing a specified quantity. Ovum is a mature female reproductive cell especially of a human or other animal that van divide to give rise to an embryo usually only after fertilization by a male cell. Vaginal is a muscular tube leading from the external genitals to the cervix of the uterus in women and most female mammals. Labia is the inner and outer folds of the vulva, at either side of the vagina. Clitoris is a small sensitive and erectile part of the female genitals at the anterior end of the vulva. Urethra is a duct by
Answer: - Salmacis and Hermaphroditus love story explains us that we should never be greedy for something or we will be punished for that thing and also many people have to suffer for our deeds. We can tell from many Greek mythology tragedies that Zeus fall in love with many beautiful girls and try to share his bed with them in disguise form, but in this tragedy Salmacis was shown in love with Hermaphroditus and as women were not as powerful as men they always get cursed out. In this story, it also shows us that by falling in love with Hermaphrodius, Salmacis could not do anything god accepted
Known as the Two Sex theory, devised by historian Thomas Laqueur, female sexuality would be characterized purely by a woman’s reproductive potential, where the concept of an innate maternal instinct would become the new prioritized ideal. The female orgasm was renounced by a new essence of masculine superiority. This notion can be asserted with the Phallocentric inclination of the late 18th century, examined by historian Tim Hitchcock, as period characterized by penetration and precedence of the phallus. This “both encouraged and made possible the denigration of female sexuality and perceived passivity.” Consequently this caused the de-emphasis of female sexual pleasure and desire. However, female sexual identity would reemerge with potency, attributed to social flux, the emerging field of sexology and disposition of the interwar years.
Gender and sexuality can be comprehended through social science. Social science is “the study of human society and of individual relationships in and to society” (free dictionary, 2009). The study of social science deals with different aspects of society such as politics, economics, and the social aspects of society. Gender identity is closely interlinked with social science as it is based on an identity of an individual in the society. Sexuality is “the condition of being characterized and distinguished by sex” (free dictionary, 2009). There are different gender identities such as male, female, gay, lesbian, transgender, and bisexual that exists all around the world. There is inequality in gender identities and dominance of a male
The “New Woman” refers to a category of women, beginning in the late 19th century, who adopted feminist ideals, wishing to break gender roles and gain independence from and equality with men (Newton, 560-61). While not one specific, real person, the “New Woman” is an overarching term that encompasses the many women in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The first generation of these women strove for economic and social autonomy with roles separate from the home and family spheres of domesticity (Newton, 561). For example, they would not marry, but instead receive a higher education and work in a profession (Newton, 561). To replace their commitments to men and family, they instead formed close and passionate relationships with other women, though these relationships were not sexual in nature, people viewed women as passionless and pure. The second generation, however, living in a more modernist culture of sexual freedom, began to discuss female sexuality, and wanted to participate in more opportunities only offered to men, including drinking and smoking (Newton, 564). Because of the societal idea that only men were sexual beings, New Women had to explain the intimate relationships among them, which had become sexual in the second generation. Thus, they created the idea of masculine lesbians, who had male souls that caused them their sexual feelings (Newton, 566). The “mythic mannish lesbian” refers to these women who dressed and acted in a masculine manner
What does it take to be a man or a woman? Our sense organs alone do not determine whether we are men or women. Our gender includes a multifaceted combination of beliefs, behaviors, and characteristics. How do we act, behave, and talk like a man or a woman? Each one of us has a sex, a gender, and a gender identity that are all aspects of our sexuality. These aspects describe who we are, in different personalities and attributes but related. Society’s categories for what is masculine and feminine may not capture how we truly feel, how we behave, or how we define ourselves.
Males and females are classed differently from the moment they are pronounced boy or girl. Gender determines the differences in power and control in which men and women have over the socioeconomic determinants of their health, lives and status in their community. Our society moulds how men and women should and should not behave and can be observed in all parts of our society. As a result of these Gender stereotypes men and women have issues which affect their health which are unique to each gender. Males for example are perceived to be greater risk takers as a whole in our society than that of females. We represent risk taking behavior with masculinity and violence, high speed driving and contact sport with the male gender. (Doyle 2005)