preview

The Roles Of Language And Harish Trivedi's Communication Through Language

Better Essays

Communication through language performs a pivotal role in a human life as it sustains it and therefore essential. Of course, various means of communication like gestures and others can never replace the use of a language in a human life. A human being is a God’s creation, but a language is a human creation. The same information in one language can be communicated differently through different languages depending on culture, region, religion, politics and above all the society of the speaker of a particular language. The interaction between two persons of two diverse nations would be completely impossible due to the absence of knowledge of the other’s language with each other. Thus, the same situation extends itself to even at the level of a …show more content…

Similarly, Harish Trivedi offers a fourfold division of the Indian literature in translation. (i) Indic and Indological works, (ii) the translations of late ancient and medieval works of bhakti traditions, (iii) fictional works depicting realistic aspects of modern India and (iv) modernist writers translated into English (Trivedi: 1996: 51-52). G. N. Devy’s fourfold division of the history of translation includes: (i) the colonial phase (1776-1910), (ii) the revivalist phase (1876-1950), (iii) the nationalist phase (1902-1929) and (iv) the formalist phase (1912 onwards) (Devy 1993: 120). Devy is interested in the colonial historical context of translation activities, whereas Trivedi is interested in the cultural context, stating how translations were marked by aspiration and desire rather than achievement and performance. Further, Ramesh Krishnamurthy divides the history of translation in India into six periods namely: (i) The Ancient Period (c. 2500-800 BC), (ii) The Pre-Classical Period (c. 800 BC to AD 100), (iii) The Classical Period (c. 100 to 1000), (iv) The …show more content…

Partly because of the oral traditions and partly due to the destructions of innumerable texts because of weather conditions, several problems arise when the earlier history of translation is attempted. The history of translation in India has, according to Ritā Kothāri, three stages: “oral, written and printed” with “no mechanism for tracing the oral tradition of translation”. Further, she adds that “The written tradition. . . is rooted in medieval India, around the fourteenth and fifteen centuries, when excerpts from the Sanskrit scriptures began to travel into the ‘regional’ languages” (Kothāri 2003: 6-7). However, it is believed that, as Krishnamurthy notes, the first requirement “for inter-language communication in the subcontinent probably arose through trade” (Krishnamurthy 1998: 464). Kautilya, known as Chānakya (c. 370-283 BC), a minister to Chandragupta Maurya (c. 340-298 BC), in the 4th century BC wrote “a treatise on statecraft” indicating “the status that the translator might have had during this period” without the use of a word translator but “scribes” (Ibid: 465). Thus, this activity of translation as a discourse offers India more opportunities due to its multilingual status, whereas the possibility of translation in the West is less due to its monolingual status. Thus, it is noticeable that multilingualism offers benefits to the practice of translation simultaneously

Get Access