The Russian Nobles And Aristocrats

The Third Estate was made p of the "common" population. They included lawyers, merchants, and peasants. They were made up of the Bourgeoisie which is the middle class which is the highest portion of the third estate.

The French Nobility has been around since the beginning of the Roman Empire. Similar to the Romans, the French organized their state around the nobility and the clergy, not taking into account the massive amount of commoners. The Third Estate was finally created centuries later to help bring order and give common people their own place within society. Charles Loyseau and Isabelle de Charriere are two prime sources that compare French nobility during the 17th and 18th century, leading up to the French Revolution. Charles Loyseau, both a jurist and legal scholar evaluates French society in his writing A Treatise on Orders. In the writing of his treatise, Loyseau describes the “social anatomy of France” in an

The beginning of the 20th century brought radical changes to the social and political structure of autocratic Russia. It was a period of regression, reform, revolution and eradication. Eradication of a blood line that had remained in rule for over 300 years; the Romanov Dynasty. The central figure of this eradication was Tsar Nicholas II, often described as an incompetent leader, absent of the “commanding personality nor the strong character and prompt decision which are so essential to an autocratic ruler...” (Sir G. Buchman, British ambassador to Russia from 1910 in H. Seton-Watson, The

The social order in France was complex in the 18th century. The population was legally divided into three social ranks, or the Estates. In the first estate was comprised of the clergy who had privileges, some of theses privileges included not having to pay taxes and owning 10% of France’s land. In the second estate, the nobles who owned 20% of the land, also had feudal privileges, which meant that they were exempt from taxes and had important hunting rights. Finally, the third estate consisted of 98% of the population: the commoners, the middle class, rural workers, urban poor, and merchants. The middle class was also known as the Bourgeoisie. The estates during this time period no longer reflected the social reality because the middle class were expanding into the second estate. The rising middle class actually caused tension between the social groups because they pushed for social change and the nobles felt like they were losing power.

Ivan IV, also called Ivan the Terrible, was the Grand Prince of Russia in the 16th century from the years 1533-1584. During his long reign as Russia’s leader, he transformed Russia from a small futile country to an empire. Because of his success in the government and taking control of neighboring lands this led him into becoming the first czar in 1547. Ivan the Terrible increased the power and position of Russia politically and militarily by defeating and slaughtering all those that got in his way and creating trade and political alliances with the people who supported his polices and goals he set out to achieve.

Third Estate became more and more determined to wield power. A leading spokesperson named Emmanuel Sieyés suggested that the Third Estate delegates named themselves the National Assembly. On June 17, they voted to establish the National Assembly that will pass laws and reforms in the name of the French people. This also proclaimed the end of absolute monarchy and the beginning of representative government. I believe this event had an impact on the revolution because the willingness of the Third Estate to make a change in the nation was the main reason for the French Revolution in the first place. Another reason why the National Assembly impacted

The third estate had been taxed heavy,"The heavily taxed and discontented Third estate was eager for change."and was always outvoted,"The two privileged estates could always outvote the third estate."When the third estate created the National Assembly, King Louis XVI rejected it,"...the third Estate delegates found themselves locked out of their meeting room."Cleary, the third estate was disliked.

In particular, a man named Emmanuel Sieyès came up with a document called the “What is the Third Estate?”. The document raised grievances that the disgruntled lower class was severely misrepresented, and had very little power, especially when the Estates General formed, and became an instant success. Sieyès wanted to emphasize the fact the nobility should not interfere with commoners and by themselves were incapable of running a successful nation. “The noble order does not enter at all in the social order; that it may indeed be a burden upon the nation, but that it cannot by itself constitute a nation” (pg. 57). Furthermore Sieyès goes on to say that “the Third Estate has ...all that is necessary for the formation of a complete nation” (pg. 57). It is clear that he wanted to announce the fact that the Third Estate aimed to be “something” after many years of simply being “nothing” in the political system (p. 56). Not only was he fighting for more power in the Estates General, but was contending to receive more rights of man. He knew that working class, which had made up most of France at the time had been severely mistreated even though they were the entire backbone of France’s industry. He earned to do so in an honest, pacifist way in order to not bring about any more

The first estate was the Roman Catholic clergy. The second estate was made up of nobles. The third estate consisted of the Bourgeoisie, the sans culottes, and the peasants. This system kept power, money and status mainly with the monarchy, and first and second estates. It was the third estate, lead by the Bourgeoisie who was tired of the unfair system in France that finally took action July 14, 1789 when they stormed the

Russia’s strong and proud history started in the glorious days of the Kievan Rus’ (Ukraine’s predecessor state that Russia still fights with to claim it’s history, even today), a Ukrainian-Russian-Belorussian ancestral state of Slavs that was under Grand Prince Rurik the Great. Creating the golden age of the Slavic People in the middle ages, the Rus’ became the most powerful state in Europe when it emerged. The strength and power of the Kievan Rus bought an age of prosperity to the Eastern Slavic Peoples. The legends of the Kievans’ greatness would continue until the infighting between the members of Rurik’s future descents. The last blow was when the Mongols invaded in 1237 where many cities under control of the Kievans were sacked and fell

Nicholas II had ruled in an autocratic method due to the fear of appearing a weak leader. He was also not ready to make any drastic changes to the organisation and structure of the empire. The Tsar did not take any advice from either his political relations or the people of Russia. He thought he was ‘chosen by God’ to fill the role as the nation’s leader. Nicholas was not suitable for his role as Tsar, and would’ve rather spent his time with his family. Subsequently, he was disconnected with his people and could not see that, although in theory autocracy would demand the respect he so anticipated, but, in practice, it would do the reverse. Nicholas was more suited to his role as a family man; he was successful at ordering repression, especially as he could hide behind the disguise of administration and autocracy.

In the 1770s, France was divided into three social classes, with the Third Estate being the

Considered one of the most powerful empires in the 17th and 18th century, France underwent massive changes in its social, political and economical structure. In early 18th century it was governed by an oppressive feudal system of land-holding between 3 estates, which resulted in an unequal and unfair distribution of privilege and wealth (2005, Calum Crosbie). The 1st estate of clergy and the 2nd estate of nobility owned the majority of lands, held privileges like tax exemption and presided over the 3rd estate which consisted of everyone else. This system had been stable for a long time, mainly due to the illiteracy of the 3rd estate, but the rise of the middle class educated bourgeoisie meant perceptions were changing. By the late 18th century

Before the French Revolution; French was going through a economic crises King Louis XVI attempt to place a new land tax. However the tax was opposed by the Second Estate which were the French nobility. The Third Estate were the middle and lower class.

On June 17th 1789, the Third Estate became the National Assembly and had tasked itself with ensuring that the people’s rights were protected. They began to form a constitution, which would eventually lead to the downfall of the monarchy. The king reacted this this threat by not recognizing the legitimacy of the National Assembly. In a show of strength, he sent troops to Versailles and Paris. The general public of Paris, having decided to take control of their political future, realized the government’s impending crackdown on all they had achieved.