The Russian Transitional Economy Essay

Power point slide Qualitative research is a difficult term to define…. Nevertheless, it is important to be familiar with some definitions in the field. The definition provided by Creswell 2009 is enlightening because it incorporates ……….. most important part of definition for me were reports detailed views of informants and natural setting.

Volkmann, C. K., Tokarski, K. O., & Grünhagen, M. (2010). Entrepreneurship in a European Perspective: Concepts for the Creation and Growth of New Ventures. Springer Science & Business Media.

The main goal of qualitative methods is to gain a holistic and comprehensive knowledge of a topic by continuing to delve into the topic until no new information about the topic can be found through similar research methods (Lawrence et al., 2015). In other words, qualitative methods encourage researchers to find new data (primary data) and new evidence than to use already existing data from previous research on the topic (secondary data). Therefore, for this study, only primary data

The existing literature on entrepreneurship stems from economical conceptual frameworks developed in the early twentieth century by Schumpeter, Cole, Kirzner among others. Fayolle (2014) notes that entrepreneurship has gained considerable study

Entrepreneurship is difficult to define throughout its history research. Even nowadays, this concept is still a debatable point (Rajendra, et al., 2017). Based on four decades of research, Gartner (1988) concludes that entrepreneurs are founders of new firms. Shane and Venkataraman (2000) consider entrepreneurship as “a new venture’s risk-taking endeavor seeking an opportunity” and Fortunato (2014) adds innovative value into the concept of entrepreneurship. Thus, research on the definition of entrepreneurship continue. According to those diverse views, I will interpret six unique entrepreneurial characteristics and theoretically analyze each one. Risk taker, need for achievement and proactivity as my strengthens will be illustrated with my experience. Innovativeness, internal locus of control and tolerance for ambiguity are my weaknesses, thus I will describe relevant successful Entrepreneurs’ experiences.

Both quantitative and qualitative research approaches have their strengths and weaknesses, thus for the purpose of developing this reserach, both approaches have been adopted. Quantitative research ‘consists of those studies in which the data concerned can be analyzed in terms of numbers... Its results can be more readily analyzed and interpreted’ (Best & Khan, 1989, pp 89-90). Alternatively, qualitative research, “is more open and responsive to its subject ... Exploring details and aims to achieve depth rather than breadth’ (Blaxter, Hughes & Tight : 1996).

Baumol thinks that it is necessary to make a distinction mainly between productive, unproductive and destructive entrepreneurship. It is hard to distinguish productive and unproductive entrepreneurship detailed, but the brief differences could be given based on some literature.

The present day Russian Federation involves a democratic system, given the presence of elections, an independent judiciary, and the supremacy of law. Yet, in democracy, the crux of it involves an inevitable paradox: law limits state power, but the state must have the power to enforce the law. However, finding the balance of the ability to enforce laws, and therefore maintaining order, while not infringing on civil liberties, requires a mutual understanding, a social contract, between the rulers and the ruled. This requirement has not found its place in the Russian political arena, especially since “creating a rule-of-law-based sate out of dictatorship is not easy” (Bressler 2009). In addition, the Russian psyche views authority as a source of force and violence (Yakovlev 1996), an etymological result of a continuity beginning from imperial Russia. Although the Russian Federation, the Union Soviet Socialist Republics, the Russian Empire, and the Tsardom of Russia differ significantly, a strong state remains prevalent in the core of Russian history and politics. In short, the nature of political rule in Russia involves a never ending tug of war between the seemingly undying authoritative soulless entity known as the state and the equally undying Russian people’s hunger for liberty.

The period 1995 to mid-1997 was boom time for Russia’s financial markets. The value of the Russian bonds and stocks soared, with the participation of foreigners in these asset markets increasing rapidly. International investors’ optimism about the country’s future was lifted by stabilization policy that followed the advice of Western institutions.

Qualitative research is non-positivistic. This means that it “does not seek to produce quantified answers to posed research questions” (Madeyski, 2009, p. 5). Pope & Mays (1995) determined that the conclusions in research are interpreted rather than measured or revealed, which is imperative in defining the differences in qualitative research the facts of the research considered relative, rather than absolute. The two types of data collection chosen is face-to-face interview and observation, and telephone survey, these methods are administered by a trained interviewer and can have either a structured or unstructured line of questioning.

Despite the merits of this methods, there exist limitations that hinder the effectiveness of qualitative research methods. The findings of the research cannot be generalized to the whole study population. Unlike the quantitative methods where the findings are pervasive in qualitative methods, the results are only related to small groups of people. The data collected through this approach is difficult to analyze since there are no standard tools for interpreting such data. The data do not fit nearly in the standard categories which means it would take the time to analyze data. Data collection is time-consuming because of the open-ended questions formats where the respondents take time to respond to such questions. Soliciting for explanations also take time.

Qualitative analysis essentially places a heavier demand upon the involvement of the researcher in designing the frame for data analysis and the manner in which this analysis is carried out. This means that the qualitative research must plumb through a considerable amount of research and data in order to whittle down observational findings to a set of relevant and useful resolutions. And indeed, after the processes of observation and information gathering, it can be both time-consuming and intellectually taxing to reduce these findings to the most meaningful and relevant indicators available. This difficulty is further intensified by the inherently complicated task of clearly

This chapter outlines data collection procedure as well as how data is analyse for this study. These involve choice of the sampling frame, sampling techniques, how interviews were designed and conducted as well as questionnaire administration, time horizon, transcription of interviews and analysis of responses, ethical concerns and limitations of the methods.

Qualitative research is a constructed understanding and there are multiple realities. The direction in which it moves is several and there is prolonged engagement in field.

Entrepreneurship has played a vital role in the economic development of a country along with innovation and competition. Landes (1998) stated that Entrepreneurship is also a solution to poverty alleviation. In modern times, Poverty and wealth has been linked to entrepreneurial activities. However, entrepreneurship has not been studied widely in developing countries in the world. According to Reynolds et al. (2004), more than 400 million persons are either owner or managers of newly developed firms. A phenomenon of entrepreneurship is different in developed and developing countries and existing models only explains this process for developed countries. No one has explained how this process will be carried out in developing nations. A little research has been found regarding entrepreneurial process in developing countries, specifically characteristics of well growing as well as new firms.