The Second Migration

The Great Migration brought about a massive redistribution of the African American population throughout the United States. It transformed black ways of life, art, and institutions, as well as the demographics and cultures of many American cities.

The Great Migration was a massive movement of African Americans from the South to the North from 1863 to 1960. The largest spike in this migration occurred from about 1910 to 1920.

Without The Great Migration, or the migration of African Americans from 1915 to 1970 from the south to the north, the north would have suffered economically (Wilkerson 8). Specifically, without the Great Migration, the north would have faced extensive job shortages, that would have eventually led to economic turmoil. One cause of The Great Migration was the need for southern African Americans to take industrial jobs in the north. Furthermore, during times of war, many men were removed from the workforce, meaning that the north needed additional workers to fill the now vacated spots. (The Great) The north needed the southern African Americans in order to fill these slots, and without them, the north’s economy would have suffered

During the twentieth century more than six million African Americans migrated from rural communities in the South to large cities in the North and West. One of the major causes of this widespread movement was for African Americans to escape the segregation policies known as the Jim Crow laws, racism, and to seek better civil and economic opportunities. They migrated to the northern and western big cities because employment agents in the North and Midwest began enticing African-American men and women to migrate north by offering to paying for their travel expenses. The high demand for workers, higher pay, better education and better housing options in the North sounded very appeasing to many African-Americans since their current living conditions in the south were horrendous, and millions obliged to what they hoped was “a journey into freedom”.

During the 1900s, most African Americans in the United States lived in the southern states. However, many began to move into northern and midwestern states. The reasons they were moving varied from family to family. In some cases, they were searching for better jobs with higher wages such as: meat packing plants, automobile factories, steel mills, or working for the railroads. Others were searching for better education opportunities or hoping to escape the racism and violence that African Americans were experiencing in the South. This movement, known as the Great Migration, was one of the largest, fastest movements of people moving from one part of a nation to another.

The progression of people into and within the United States has had an essential impact on the nation, both intentionally and unintentionally. Progressions such as The Great Migration and the Second Great Migration are examples of movements that impacted the United States greatly. During these movements, African Americans migrated to flee racism and prejudice in the South, as well as to inquire jobs in industrial cities. They were unable to escape racism, but they were able to infuse their culture into American society. During the twentieth century, economic and political problems led to movements such as The Great Migration and The Second Great Migration which impacted the United States significantly.

African American’s somewhat silent non war revolution of migration to the North and Midwest of the United States which started roughly in 1915. The Great Migration of African American’s was sparked by work labor shortages during World War I. Until this point of mass relocation to the north and west, the majority of African Americans have primarily resided in rural areas of the south. Thousands of opportunities arose in large urban cities and towns across the Northern and Western United States. This migration is also said to have sparked the civil rights movements as well as shaped sports and music. These opportunities and the

For the United States of America, a large portion of the twentieth century, 1910 to 1970, was characterized by African American movement from the rural South to the urban, industrial North. During this time, known as the Great Migration, millions of southern blacks moved to the North in hopes of a better future, away from the Jim Crow South where they were under constant threat by white supremacist values and endured an unequal treatment from whites even after Emancipation. However, the principal motive for the blacks of the rural South to leave their homes, families, and friends for the urban North was economic; regional wage differences, limited job opportunities in the South compared to the

Since the beginning, the United States` government, racial slavery had conquered various American identities. “Racism sprung early colonial times due the slavery riot incidence misinterpretations, leading full men, women, and children racial slavery of all different ethnic backgrounds” (Hooker 1). African-Americans held a life long work and Caribbean island shipment originating and affective progression to American colonies. “An importation of 4,000,000 Negroes were held in bondage by Southern planters” (Webstine).Advanced time went, and Northern states nurtured a rapid industrial revolution; Factory introduction, machines, and hired workers replaced any agricultural need of existing slaves. Southern states, however, maintained

During 1910-1970 the great migration was taking place, which was the movement of southern African American’s to the north/northern cities. The great migration was an event that seemed as if it was unstoppable and that it was going to happen. In the South African American’s faced racial discrimination, sharecropping, bad working conditions, low wages, racial segregation and political detriments. Everything in the north was better than the south. The north offered blacks, less discrimination, job opportunities, higher wages and a better standard of living overall. The great migration led to the improvement of the conditions for African American’s in America.

Some of the pull factors that attracted blacks to leave the south were the chance to earn a better education, increasing amount of jobs, the right to vote, black owned companies, and the opportunity for a better economic welfare. These push and pull served as the major factor in blacks migrating from the south to the north. Blacks felt that the north had a better opportunity for them to achieve greatness and was the cause for blacks to look search for the identity of the “New Negro.”

In response to the Jim Crow laws, a massive stream of over a million African American migrants moved up north and out west during the 1910’s and 1920's, in search for high paying jobs during World War One and the chance to escape disenfranchisement and racism. However, when many blacks arrived up north they were introduced to new obstacles. Many migrants found themselves segregated into the ghettos of Chicago, Detroit, and Harlem.

The South was a complete mess after the Civil War. The early part of the 20th century brought many changes for African Americans. There was a difficult challenge of helping newly free African American slaves assimilate among their white counterparts. They suffered from crop failures, economic hardships, and the early failures of Reconstruction in the south. So as result many Southern African Americans migrated to northern cities in search of employment and a chance at a better life. However, Southern African Americans migrating to northern cities quickly discovered that they were not able to enjoy the same social and economic mobility experienced by their European immigrant counterparts arriving around the same time. There were many

With the Union victory in the Civil War in 1865, millions of slaves were given their freedom. Although these millions of slaves are now free, the rebuilding on the South during the Reconstruction introduced many obstacles. These obstacles include sharecropping, tenant farming, the “black codes”, and not to forget the lack of education and rights African Americans had at the time. Sharecropping is consisted of a slave renting land from a white man and having to give up a portion of their crops at the end of each year. The black codes were basically laws against what type of labor African Americans can be given. In the state of South Carolina, blacks were only able to work as farmers or servants; the same jobs these free people worked as slaves. After decades of slavery, blacks were still under the control of the white people due to lack of education and rights.

Many people migrate from one country to another or within a country. There are different reasons why people migrate and there are also things that can stop humans from moving, humans signify it as barriers. Many people have complex issues mentally and physically when they migrate, there are also factors that attract or drive out people from a place.