The Sensory Cortex

23.The part of the limbic system located in the center of the brain, this structure relays sensory information from the lower part of the brain to the proper areas of the cortex and PROCESSES some sensory information before sending it to its proper area and is called the thalamus.

Throughout history, a human being was always reliant on the primary sensory areas. An ability to communicate and contract languages is considered to be a unique ability of human nation as no other species show an equal amount of complexity in terms of the structure and sound combination. On the other hand, primary visual cortex provides a skill set in order to identify the objects presented in the world, the distance towards them as well as to design a set of actions in order to incorporate some items such as a stone or a pen. The understanding of these systems is crucial, especially for those who suffer from strokes and tumors and as a result lost the ability to visually recognize objects or hear other people. This work will focus of the structure

Auditory Processing Disorders, also known as Central Processing Disorders, are difficulties in the processing of auditory information in the central nervous system. The definition for an Auditory Processing Disorder is frequently changing and evolving. According to ASHA standards in 2005, a “central processing disorder refers to difficulties in the perceptual processing of auditory information in the central nervous system and the neurobiological activity that underlies the processing and gives rise to the electrophysiological auditory potentials (ASHA 2005).” Recent evidence has declared auditory processing disorders to be a legitimate clinical disorder resulting from confirmation of the link between well-defined lesions of the central nervous system and deficits on behavioral and electrophysiological central auditory measures (Musiek, F. Journal of American Academy of Audiology). An individual is likely to perform normally in tests including clicks and tones, rather than speech. There is a significant difference between the receptors for audition and speech processing. It is imperative that these disorders are diagnosed and treated early in a child’s development to eliminate developmental negative consequences.

The nervous system is made up of 2 main parts - the spinal cord and the brain. These two parts combine to make the central nervous system and the sensory and motor nerves which form the peripheral nervous system. Neurons process information in the form of electrical signals, namely nerve impulses, which travel along the axon. Charged ions are not able to enter plasma membranes which make neurons have a difference in ion concentration between the inside and the outside of a neuron. This prevents the passive diffusion of Potassium and Sodium ions from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration. Proteins which act as ion channels and ion pumps are attached to plasma membranes. This allows the ions to be transported across

The parietal lobe is located in the middle section of the brain and is associated with processing tactile sensory information such as pressure, touch, and pain.

The midbrain is located above the pons. The midbrain has an area called the substantia nigra which holds different nuclei. The midbrain is responsible for the body 's movement that is not covered by the cerebellum. The neurotransmitter dopamine, that produced by

The brain is the most important organ for regulating human behavior and thought. The brain is very complex and has taken centuries to discover how it functions. The brain is separated into four distinct regions or lobes. These regions are called the frontal lobe, the occipital lobe, the temporal lobe, and the parietal lobe. The frontal lobe is located directly behind the forehead and is the brain region that controls higher level thinking such as memory, planning, and judgment. The frontal lobe also contains motor cortex which allows voluntary movements. Another vital brain region is the occipital lobe. The occipital lobe can be found in the back of the brain. Its job is to process and store visual information. The occipital lobe

The parietal lobe is the dorsal part of the brain. The sensory cortex is located in this section where sensation and perception is integrated. “This lobe is most commonly associated with its capacity for spatial processing. It is here that external visual, or environment based, coordinates may be translated into internal, or body-based, coordinates and vice versa.”(Stephens PH.D, livestrong.com)

Let’s begin by discussing the parts and function of our brains. The neo cortex is the largest part of the brain and the most important. This part of the brain is divided into four different sections: the temporal lobe, occipital lobe, parietal and the frontal lobe. These four sections are located on either the right or left hemisphere of the brain they are connected by axons that send messages to and fro between both hemispheres and to specific parts of the brain then to the body. Our neo cortex is what makes us so different from our primate cousins.

1.The frontal lobe is made up of four main lobes. It's the largest lobe. The frontal lobe structure is located in the front of our heads, behind our foreheads. It is set in the front of both cerebral hemispheres and it is placed the closest to the temporal lobe.The frontal and parietal lobe is separated by the central sulcus.

The frontal lobe contains two key structures that have a great impact on mood, behavior and judgment. These structures are located in the outer area of the cerebrum towards the front of the skull (Carlson, 2013). This paper will discuss the function and structure of the Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex (including the orbitofrontal cortex) and the Dorsolateral Cortex.

Dopamine limits and selects sensory information from the thalmus. The parietal lobe also deals with movement, along with orientation, recognition, and perception of stimuli. This cortical region is the main sensory area for the sense of touch, major inputs from the skin relay from the thalmus to the parietal lobe. All visual processes are carried out in the occipital lobe (true to its name), and the temporal lobe is associated with perception and recognition of auditory stimuli, memory and speech. The temporal lobe is responsible for deriving meanings for the appropriate retention of visual memories, language comprehension, and emotional association. Together these areas of the brain control the body through the CNS (central nervous system). Every bodily function needed to sustain life is initiated first through these primary sensory areas, making the brain of course the most important muscle in the

Translated from Greek thalamus means “chamber” and is a midline symmetrical structure of two halves, with the vertebrate brain, situated between the cerebral cortex and the midbrain. The functions of the thalamus is to relay the sensory and motor signals to the cerebral cortex and the midbrain, and the regulation of consciousness, sleep, and alertness. The thalamus is located in the forebrain superior to the midbrain, near the center of the brain, with nerve fibers projecting into the cerebral cortex in all directions of the brain. The surface of the thalamus constitutes the upper part of the lateral wall of the third ventricle, and is connected to the corresponding surface of the opposite thalamus by a flattened gray band, the interthalamic

Homunculus Model of Perception. Although the motions that compose the pineal image bear no resemblance to light or color as we experience them, they make us have sensations of light and color because of the way God joined our mind with our body, just as the motions in the nerves coming from the ears cause us to hear sounds. But things are not quite so simple. We perceive colors as spread out in space, and thus color perception is interwoven with our perception of size and shape, which are in turn connected with our perception of situation and distance. And since, according to Descartes, the pattern of motions at the pineal gland is structurally isomorphic with the retinal image – which is roughly two-dimensional, inverted, reversed, and subject to perspective distortions of size and shape – an explanation must be given of how we are able to perceive correctly by sight the situation, distance, size and shape of objects.