Due to demand in import and export of agriculture product especially shrimp and fish, some of the supplier tend to use antibiotic in order to enhance the growth and resistance toward disease. Unfortunately, they do not follow the Maximum Residue Limit (MRL) that been highlight by the European Union (EU) for each product. As the result, the retain residue of the antibiotic in shrimp and fish will cause harm to the consumer as they will suffer from aplasmic anaemia or diarrhea for example. Therefore, it is a concern/ must to determine the residue level of the antibiotic by using new method development that been
Running the chloroform extracts and diluted sample together with two positive controls and a negative control on a single chromatographic plate simultaneously, the retention factor(Rf) of five different samples were determined. The RF value of the chloroform extract(0.75) tallied with that of the codeine positive control and that of diluted sample(1.00) with the paracetamol positive control.
We should Exhibit 6 with Exhibit 7, beacuse the last one considers an inflation of 11%; also Exhibit 8 can help us to obtain the Rm and Rf.
Method of pathogen introduction to a non-pathogenic environment includes brood stock, Aquaculture feeds and equipment. But the main method of disease introduction is due to movement of contaminated animals. Assessing of the antimicrobial use is a difficult task due to more than 200 aquatic species are
Statistically, for every 100,000 people in the U.S., there are roughly 5.1 intentional murders. While intentional murders don’t relate very much to writing, they do relate to “The Cask of Amontillado”. More specifically, the tone of Poe’s story. Throughout the story, the tone is slightly obscured, which means it requires more in-depth analysis. The tone appears to be more gloomy and sinister. Reasons such as word choice, descriptions, and the use of certain phrases help make the tone more evident. Analyzing the tone to the story can help provide both a more in-depth understanding, and it can help in understanding more of Poe’s works in the future.
Methods: In this experiment, results were found by discovering the kinds of bacteria found in the given pond water samples. The first step in this experiment was to prepare the pond samples by completing serial dilutions of the pond water to the 10-4. We then had to prepare five separate plates by streaking the 10-4 dilutes. These plates all had different treatments. The treatments were pond 16, pond 22, pond 22 with penicillin, pond 22 with ampicillin, and pond 22 with colistin sulfate. The plates that were treated with antibiotics required 0.1 mL of the designated
This study on Chromatographic Analysis of a Commercial Analgesic’s Active Component seeks to separate, identify, quantify and analyze the active component found in Biogesic®, which may be useful for public awareness despite its wide acceptance and availability in the market. Furthermore, this study applies thin layer chromatography (TLC) technique since it is the simplest, cheapest yet most effective approach in terms to the study’s objectives. The TLC method implies Rf (Rate of flow) values where it is given by the distance from origin to center of subtance spot over the distance from origin to solvent front. As a result, the TLC analysis of Biogesic®
Drug content determined of different batch microcapsules by taking around 50mg of microcapsules in a mortar and microcapsules were crushed into powder by a pastel. 15mg of crushed powder were weighed by weighing box in an electronic balance and dissolved into 0.1N NaOH and make the volume upto 100ml. Then sonicate the solution for about an half an hour. The solution was diluted to 10 times by taking 5ml of the solution in a 50ml volumetric flask and added 0.1N NaOH up to the mark. The absorbance of these diluted samples were taken at 257nm wave length. Then 10mg standard was taken in a 100ml volumetric flask and added 0.1N NaOH upto the mark. The solution was diluted to 10times taking 5ml of the solution in a 50ml volumetric flask and added 0.1N NaOH upto the mark. The absorbance of the diluted solution was taken at 257nm wave length. From the standard preparation the corresponding concentration of thr absorbance was converted to the amount of drug present in 15mg of powder. Then the average percentage of the drug content was
After receiving feedback on the research proposal and discussing the topic during office hour, I reviewed and re-decided my focus on the topic. My original research proposal was simply discussing the Chinese shark fin business chain and its cultural identity. Through further discussion and research, I came to realize that the controversy of the shark fin is also a significant part in contemporary China.
In the food industry there have been many issues and processes that have brought a large amount of question to the industry overall, like the meat packing process in its early stages. I can 't think of a more heated issue in the last few passing years then the controversy over Genetically modified organisms in the food industry. Some countries are for it some are against it. Many sides will argue that genetically mutated organisms (GMO) are bad for the food industry while others will argue the opposite. While genetically mutate organisms have proved to provide many positive uses on today 's earth the question still remains the same are GMO 's good for us, the environment, or at all. Also if they yield more negative
For Sensory evaluation, fish samples will be stored at 4 °C for 42 days. The sensory analysis will be carried out prior to cold storage at 21 and 42 days of storage. Three different samples will be evaluated. Sensory evaluation will be performed in 3 sessions by 40 untrained panelists in each (70 % female, 30 % male ranging from 19 to 25 years old. The session will be conducted in individual booths. Samples of 0.5kg of each treatment will be presented in codified transparent glass cups. The samples will be served at the storage temperature (4 °C) and were presented to the panelists orderly arranged to avoid biased marking.
There are three main classes of detection of antibiotics in food products. The detection of antibiotics in food is an ambiguous field, where not much is known.
Contamination by bacteria and foodborne disease is one of the most widespread problems these days. Determination of microbial population is among the most fundamental procedures in microbiology and the quantitative determination of microorganisms is critical especially in food microbiology procedures to ensure safety of consumer. Numbers of potentially hazardous microorganisms from effects of the whole food product process can also be obtained from microbiological challenge testing or predictive microbiology. The current techniques which are widely used are viable count, total cell count and turbidometry.
Stop using antibiotic is impossible because of its convenience and wide range of capability to kill microorganism, but if an alternative method or material which has similar or resemble character is found, it may replace antibiotic. ‘Phytochemical and plant extraction’ are expecting that it has antibacterial activity result from diverse plants have
Antimicrobial resistant bacteria in seafood are a major public health concern worldwide. Reports on use of antimicrobials in aquaculture and residue findings in the products have indicated food safety threat to the consumers. In aquaculture, the use of wide array antimicrobials leading to development of bacterial resistance, use of resistant probiotic resistant strains and contamination of resistant pathogenic bacteria e.g. Salmonella spp. as input have facilitated to development of pool of resistant bacteria. Indicator bacteria are a useful tool to monitor antimicrobial resistance in any animal originated products. E. coli and Enterococci have been proven useful bacterial indicators in livestock and other animal husbandry practices
In order to reduce the likelihood of cross contamination occurring, preventative measures must be employed. Through the thorough disinfecting and cleaning of food preparation surfaces with effective agents after the preparation of food, in particular raw meat, fish or eggs, the essential steps to lowering the risk of cross contamination can be undertaken. Through finding an effective cleaning agents that is capable of inhibiting the growth of E.coli, the prevention of illness is highly possible.