The Spanish And Mexican Period

They believed the natives were nothing more than savages and were only good enough to be slaves. Las Casas didn’t like this. He said that the “Spaniards, with their cruelty and execrable work, have depopulated and made desolate the great continent.” For forty years more than “twelve million persons, men and women and children, have perished unjustly and though tranny by the infernal deeds and tyranny of the Christians.” The only reason why the Spaniards “killed and destroyed such infinite numbers of souls is solely because they have made gold their ultimate aim, seeking to load themselves with riches in the shortest time.” They took everything away from the natives, enslaved them and killed those who did not obey them. Everything he said about the Spaniards were completely true. They were just money hungry bullies took advantage of the Indians because the Indians thought they came from the heavens and refused to harm them. And that is just

Mestizaje is known as a process of racial and cultural blending or mixing. This was common pattern found amongst most indigenous and Spaniards after the Spanish invasion. The Spanish invasion was primarily a conquest driven on the need for more power and wealth, in order for the Spaniards to achieve what they wanted they knew they were going to need to negotiate with the indigenous people. Aside from this it was also evident that the indigenous people needed to figure out how to survive under the rule of the Spanish even if it meant they had to give in to the Spanish’s way of life. The colonization of Mexico resulted in cultural blending of indigenous and Spanish culture, language, and religion as an act of survival.

In 1519 Spanish arrived in Mexico and further fought in the Spanish American war in 1898. Latinos were racially considered contaminated, cowardly, and outlawed. The conquest of New Mexico started when the king declared that land was now open for settlement. The first official Spanish colony created violence utilized to colonize native development. The colonization of the native known as Pueblo Indians reacted. They traveled to New Mexico killing enslaved perceived leaders, destroying tribal’s sacred locations, burning villages, and demolishing their culture by tearing down work routines, gender roles, and catholic practices. Mexico was too strong to face alone that allowed success in the Pueblo revolt 1598, creating a force of multiple democracies against Mexico. The process of colonization began.

The Aztec and Spanish were both some of the strongest nations in the place they inhabited. The Spanish went to war to collect territory for their homeland in Spain. The Aztec went to war to please their gods and collect prisoners to sacrifice. The Spanish war strategies were for taking over the land they desired without war, but if it came to it they would fight. The weapons that both nations used were very dangerous, but were well suited for what they nation needed them for. The Aztec weapons were mostly for capturing prisoners. The Spanish weapons were used mostly for killing and were very durable. The Aztec and Spanish both had different reasons for going to war and the types of tactics they use

The indigenous people of California had existed on the lands as hunters-gathers before the arrival of the Spanish who were the first Europeans to reach this part of the Americas. These settlers who began surveying the area since 1530, helped introduce the mission system around 1697 as part of an effort to set up permanent bases for new arrivals and as a bulwark against other European powers. This establishment caused the natives to transition from their original lifestyle into agrarian farmers to help bring in revenue for the Spanish crown which led to them being exploited economically in the process. To establish order in this new land, the Spaniards used harsh punishments for rooting out defiance within the Indian population. However, eventually the natives would begin to die off in such large quantities that it echoed what else was happening what was happening in the rest of the continent. Overall, the effect on the indigenous population was predominantly negative due to contributing towards loss of culture, experiencing callous treatment at the hands of the Spanish, and forced population decline.

The post spanish american war period was a time of many changes in the US physically and mentally. During this time period the United States showed many examples of expansionism like they had earlier in the creation of the country but it also showed that the country was attempting to depart away from imperialism somewhat. The mindset of the American government and public was similar to the mindsets of those that were before them after the revolutionary war. For example, we attempted to gain more land and resources such as Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam and The Philippines these actions were close to how we pushed and took all the land of those who were in the area but it was also different because we did not force people out of the area we were attempting to control we just wanted more influence and control of that area.

In 1876, the Indian Act was passed. This act enforced a law that required all First Nations, children below the age of 16, to attend residential schools until they were 18. To elaborate, these schools were run by not only the church, but funded by the government. Children were dragged from their homes; their ways of life, family, and friends stripped from them. While attending these schools, the native children were forced to dress, talk, and act like the white people. Any trace of First Nations culture was stripped away, leaving a raw, abused Indian. Native children experienced sexual, and physical abuse. The Christian faith was forced upon them. If the did not speak English, or follow European customs, and ways, they faced cruel consequences.

One of the beginning examples was the Alamo. Mexico was having trouble inhabiting their territory, so they, “...decided to offer cheap land to new settlers…” ( Roden, 269). These “new settlers” they were trying to attract were gringos, or americans. After this happened, “...citizen’s of the United States had already begun into Texas…” (Sumner, 329). This was a bad idea because these americans believed opposite of Mexico. America brought slaves and the protestant religion. Because of this there was lots of conflict. Eventually the Texans got sick of Mexico and rebelled. After seeing the way the Americans took land from Mexico, they should have kicked out of California and all the other places we had inhabited in Mexico. It was only a domino effect that we took California. Even the Texans predicted it, “California will, probably, next fall away from Mexico…” (O'Sullivan, 323). Mexico obviously was looking ahead, and what was coming for their country, proving O’Sullivan correct again, “...Mexico never can exert any real government authority over such a

The actions taken towards a peaceful understanding between the Spaniard and the Native Americans can be viewed differently from multiple perspectives. According to the New Spanish laws of the Indies, some would say that the Spaniards enforced a law to eliminate slavery for the Native Americans because they do not deserve these harsh way of life.(Doc 1) According to Merrick Whitcomb, others would say that the Native Americans were forced to accept the Christianity religion if they were to be freed. Taking the now empty place of slaves were the Africans, who were believed to deserve these harsh way of life.(Doc 11) Alas, we can understand that the idea of slavery was somewhat looked down upon in certain perspectives and was taken action on it. But we must also understand that this solution was not solved but was only

Both of the colonies wanted religious conversions from the Native Americans. The Spanish colonist were very forceful with converting Native Americans to Christianity. Spanish conquerors, called conquistadors, travelled with the armed Spanish Military as well as Roman Catholic Dominican or Franciscan Friars to force religious conversion to any Native American village in the newly claimed Spanish colony. In the New England colonies, leaders of Wampanoag tribes were forced to sign their land over to the English at gunpoint. In addition, select Native American villages were turned into “Praying Towns”, in which the English would convert all of the Native Americans into the Puritan religion and force the Native Americans to give up all of the native traditions. These differences occurred because of the strong beliefs of the colonist. In both the Spanish and English colonies, the colonist believed that their religion was the correct religion, whether that be Catholic in the Spanish colonies or Puritan in the New England Colonies. However, one way that the Spanish and New England colonies varied in their treatment of the Native Americans was the use, or lack of use, of forced labor in the colonies. The Spanish colonies thrived off of the use of Native American labor through the Encomienda system. The Encomienda system granted the forced labor of Native Americans to the owner of the land in the colony. Through this system, the Spanish colonies were able to thrive, however it was deadly to the Native American population. For Native Americans who resisted the Encomienda system, they were killed and in some cases, to the near extinction of a tribe. Noteable, the Indigenous Taino People rebelled against the Spanish and succeeded a peace treaty, however lost ninety percent of their tribe. Meanwhile, the New England colonies hardly used forced labor from the Native

Mexican American struggles in the United States date back to the Spanish discovery of the New World in 1492. For over five hundred years, Mexicans have endured social injustices and inequalities at the hands of their superiors. The mistreatment of the native people of this land is constantly overlooked for "…the

Representation” by Michael Schreffler argues that “ . . . early modern rhetoric and iconography . . . constructed a distorted view of painting in Aztec Mexico and entangled it in the conventions of colonial historiography” (407). This essay is effective because of its thorough examination of the accounts that explain a painting made by the Aztec’s at San Juan de Ulúa on Easter Sunday of 1519.

The events that occurred between the Aztecs and Spanish Conquistadors have many sides and opportunities for debate. One of the most debated topics being; Who was more savage and who was more Civil? Both the Aztecs and Spanish had powerful and thriving empires. These empires displayed their dominance through their advanced technology and flourishing military. Though it may seem that the Spanish were more advanced than the Aztecs, the Aztecs and Spanish were actually quite close to being equal in technological advancements.

Revolution? The two time periods can relate in a couple of ways. All of the colonies that were part of these time periods had conflicts with Indians. The Spanish and French both had large amounts of land that they owned. All of the colonies started to colonize to make empires for their own countries.

1. Three arguments’ that Juan Gines de Sepulveda used to justify enslaving the Native Americans were for gold, ore deposits, and for God’s sake and man’s faith in him. 2. Three arguments that Bartolome de las Casas gave in attacking Spanish clonial policies in the New World were the Indians eating human flesh, worshiping false gods, and also, he believed that the Indians were cowardly and timid. 3. For comparisons that Sepulveda used, in lines 1-7, to express the inferiority of the Indians was their prudence, skill virtues, and humanity were inferior to the Spanish as children to adults, or even apes to men. Comparisons he used to dismiss the significance of the Indians