The Sumerian Culture - The First Urban Civilization . The

About 5,000 years ago the farmers and gatherers who had dominated the previous 5,000 years began to gather and form into small urban communities. Starting in river valleys with water for farming, cities began to rise, marking the beginning of civilization. These cities became opportunities for industry and huge buildings. With the accumulation of people emerged more developed religions and social ranks. Because of the marketing and records needed these civilizations developed different writing. Various traditions and trades emerged, giving these societies distinct and recognizable cultures. The long distance trade and developments in the technological and industrial societies, as well as social and cultural change are what mark the rise of

When analyzing the biological, cultural, and social, aspects of the ancient Sumerians and modern day humans we see a profuse amount of distinctions and contrasts. Modern humans live in advanced and culturally diverse societies which in comparison makes ancient Sumer’s way of life seem very plain. The two groups evidently share many differences , but the author, Samuel Kramer, argues that in the face of oblivious contrasts, the roots of these two societies are still very fundamentally analogous. Kramer then expands his point to say modern humans and ancient Sumerians are similar and comparable on the content of their character, their reactions to war and conflict, and with the similarity of their social class system.

Sometimes in our generation, people take for granted the things the originally invented by ancient civilizations. Somewhere around 3500 B.C. in southwest Asia the first of the River Valley Civilizations were born. The ancient River Valley Civilizations of Egypt, China, and Mesopotamia all made key contributions to future societies. (OI) Two contributions from each of the Mesopotamian Civilizations that influenced future civilizations.

Sumerians made life easier because they made several advancements. Some of them help them with writing, building, and planting. Writing would help them because it developed language. The wheel helped because they helped make carts and wagons. The plow helped because it broke through hard clay for soil planting.

In this introduction, There are three major achievements and advancements that impacted the Sumerian society. The Sumerians invented three advancements and achievements that impacted their society which was the plow, the wheel, and the invention of writing and how these ways it impacted the their society and help the Sumerians.

Writing positively affected Mesopotamian civilizations by creating organized societies. An example of this is in Article One. It states, “…making to-do lists…” Instead of the Mesopotamians trying to remember what they needed to do, they organized their time by making to-do lists. Another example on how writing made organized societies is located in Article One, it states “…keep (kept) track of the inflow and outflow of the city’s grain and animal stores…” By keeping track of the inflows and outflows of the grain and animal stores, the Mesopotamians could quickly check what the inflows and outflows were. They would also spend less time on keeping track of the inflows and outflows if they had it written down on paper. Lastly, according to Article

The Sumerian religion was very important to the world in many ways. They believed that after you died, you would go to the underworld from your grave. Some of the rules for entering were:

The second innovation is farming irrigation during the Sumerian period (Matthews, Noble & Platt, 2014). These imaginative individuals created the plow, which uncovered the dirt to set it up for sowing plants. The wheel enhanced cultivating techniques with the utilization of trucks. The Sumerians are likewise credited with great pressure driven designing systems, making dams, levees, channels, repositories, and trenches to inundate ranches, give water to settlements and help control surges. The development of farming because of better instruments and innovation prompted the ascent of city-states, which researchers characterize as a human advancement.

The Sumerians remain in history as one of the first ever recorded people to have a stable society and culture. From their creation story to the end of their lives on earth, the Sumerians followed their religion in accordance to their gods. They lived their whole lives through their religion, making it a huge part of their culture.

In Sumer, their religion was polytheistic. It was animistic, believing gods were present in life in various forms of nature. Each Sumerian city-states had powerful priestly groups that were responsible for continuing the religious traditions of their city-states and were the linkage between gods and humans. The gods of Sumer were seen in human forms and having human traits even though they were immortal.

In general pitchers was used to hold water, and mostly everyone had one. It was made out of clay that has been processed and tempered. Once it has been through the window screen you could begin. And by using the coiling method you would constructed the clay into a pitcher shaped. Once smoothed out on both sides made a design before it was placed into the fire until dry. Once cooled it would be able to use.

There are three major cultures that arose in Mesopotamia form 3000-1600 B.C. The Sumerian, Akkadian, and Babylonian Kingdoms are the cultures that arose in Mesopotamia. Each culture wanted to succeed, do great things, and become powerhouses that no one wanted to mess with.

This primary source showing viking kitchen utensils can easily tell us that Vikings were very skilled workers with clay, when it came to bowls and utensils, especially since they didn't have the same tools that we have now. As the bowls are quite large it is believed that they were used for serving food, instead of plates to eat off. Clay pots were used in many shapes and sizes for preparation and preservation, therefore many different bowls were needed. Because these bowls look as if have been repaired it shows that they were of importance to the owners. If they were not important they would have been disregarded and a new one would be crafted.

writing is the physical manifestation of a spoken language. It is thought that human beings developed language c. 35,000 BCE as evidenced by cave paintings from the period of the Cro-Magnon Man (c. 50,000-30,000 BCE) which appear to express concepts concerning daily life. These images suggest a language because, in some instances, they seem to tell a story (say, of a hunting expedition in which specific events occurred) rather than being simply pictures of animals and people. Written language, however, does not emerge until its invention in Sumer, southern Mesopotamia, c. 3500 -3000 BCE. This early writing was called cuneiform and consisted of making specific marks in wet clay with a reed implement. The writing system of the Egyptians was already in use before the rise of the Early Dynastic Period (c. 3150 BCE) and is thought to have developed from Mesopotamian cuneiform (though this theory is disputed) and came to be known as heiroglyphics.

The cultures of Sumerian society in general fascinates me, but what really fascinates me is their religion and practice of medicine. In 3000 B.C.E. Sumerians basically appeared out of thin air because no one knows where their origin starts. Sumerians established numerous towns in southernmost part of Mesopotamia, which became known as Sumer.