The Supply Of Adenosine Triphosphate And Creatine Phosphate ( Cp ) Essay

There are three main energy systems used in a game of touch football which consist of the creatine phosphate (ATP PC) system, lactic acid system and the aerobic system. Each system plays a vital role during game play. Every muscle in your body requires energy to perform all movements, and to do this, the energy is produced by the breakdown of a molecule called adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ATP is found in all cells which is a chemical form of muscular activity and performs mostly all functions in the human body. It contains 3 phosphate groups and adenosine. ATP is stored in the muscles and lasts for approximately 10-30 seconds. Carbohydrates, fats and proteins, are all producers of ATP from the food we eat; however Creatine Phosphate is

As stated before the three energy systems used by the body are the ATP-PC, anaerobic glycolysis and aerobic system. The ATP-PC and anaerobic glycolysis system (also known as lactic acid system) are anaerobicly based meaning that they don’t need a sufficient amount of oxygen to produce ATP. The aerobic system requires oxygen to produce ATP hence its name. All three system have fuels’ which produce energy. The ATP-PC uses phoso creatine and creatine phosphate, the lactic acid system uses glycogen and the aerobic system uses glycogen and triglycerides . Glycolysis refers to the breaking down of glycogen to from glucose which is used in ATP.

Aerobic respiration happens only when oxygen is presented in the cell. Aerobic respiration starts with pyruvate crossing into the mitochondria. When it passes through, a Coenzyme A will attach to it producing Acetyl CoA, CO2, and NADH. Acetyl CoA will enter into the Krebs cycle. In the Krebs cycle Acetyl CoA will bound with Oxaloacetic Acid (OAA), a four carbon molecule, producing the six carbon molecule, Citric Acid. Citric Acid will reorganize into Isocitrate. This will lose a CO2 and make a NADH turning itself into alpha ketoglutarate, a five carbon molecule. Alpha ketoglutarate will turn into an unstable four carbon molecule, which attaches to CoA making succinyl CoA. During that process a CO2 and NADH is made. An ATP is made when CoA leaves and creates Succinate. This molecule is turned into Fumarate, creating two FADH2 in the process. Then Fumarate is turned into Malate then into OAA making two NADH. Only two ATP is produced in Krebs cycle but the resulting NADHs and FADH2s are passed through an electron transport chain and ATP synthase. When the molecules passes through that cycle a total of 28 ATP molecules are produced. In all aerobic respiration produces 32 ATP and waste products of H2O and

Glycolysis is followed by the Krebs cycle, however, this stage does require oxygen and takes place in the mitochondria. During the Krebs cycle, pyuvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting reactions. This begins when pyruvic acid produced by glycolysis enters the mitochondria. As the cycle continues, citric acid is broken down into a 4-carbon molecule and more carbon dioxide is released. Then, high-energy electrons are passed to electron carriers and taken to the electron transport chain. All this produces 2 ATP, 6 NADH, 2 FADH, and 4 CO2 molecules.

The energy system that is able to generate ATP without oxygen is called the anaerobic system. Anaerobic meaning without oxygen. This system is formed from the combination of ATP and lactic acid. The metabolic pathway of the anaerobic system is called anaerobic glycolysis. Glucose is broken down during the metabolic pathway glycolysis, with or without oxygen present. Carbohydrates are the only macronutrient that can be catabolized during glycolysis.

The third energy system is called aerobic metabolism. Aerobic means oxygen. The body uses oxygen in combination with glucose, proteins, and fats stored within itself to produce large amounts of ATP. This produces high-energy ATP that lasts for hours and doesn't leave behind any fatiguing by-products such as lactic acid. Sports that rely on this energy system are

The first energy pathway system is phosphagen; it uses creatine phosphate and produces rapid amounts of ATP. This creatine phosphate is used to refill the depleted ATP, which has been broken down and used for quick energy. There is very small amount of creatine and ATP stored in the muscles. This makes it difficult for muscles to react but is immediately ready and vital at the start of an

What sport do you play? What are the primary movements involved in your sport? Also, what intensities does your sport consist of? When thinking critically about the sport or activity you play these last two questions are important questions to ask yourself if you want to train efficiently and effectively to be the best athlete you can be. The type of movements and intensities your sport requires is directly related to the topic of bioenergetics, or the production of usable energy from important nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Your body uses these nutrients or food we eat and converts it into an important molecule called, adenosine triphosphate (ATP). It is the production of ATP that allows muscular action to occur. However ATP can be produced in three main

Although hockey is primarily an anaerobic sport, a strong aerobic base allows you to work longer and at a higher intensity by postponing fatigue and allowing a speedy recovery. The aerobic system provides energy for low- and moderate- intensity exercise and helps the body recover from fatigue. For example, a 1-hr bike ride at a comfortable pace is fueled mainly by the aerobic system. Hockey is characterized by repeated bursts of high- intensity action intertwined with periods of moderate activity and rest. The aerobic energy system supplies only a small portion of the energy needed during moderate activity, but it is critical for efficient recovery between play stoppages and during time on the bench.On the other side of things, the anaerobic systems produce energy very quickly to meet the demands of intense action, such as the slap-shot, sprinting on a breakaway, or stops-and- starts while penalty killing. These systems utilize the ATP-PC (phosphagen) system and the glycolytic system for energy. In hockey, although the game itself lasts for about an hour, the players are usually only on the ice for high- intensity shifts of approximately 30 to 45 seconds ideally. Due to the nature of hockey, it is important to train anaerobically.The ATP-PC system provides immediate energy, in the form of ATP, for short-term, high- intensity activities for up to 10 seconds. The glycolytic system

Alternating work and recovery periods during intense exercise also allow depleted ATP and PC stores to be replenished, along with oxygen myoglobin stores. Long interval protocols allow alactic energy systems to reuse energy via the glycolytic energy system, reducing the need to utilise energy. However, as this energy system is involved blood lactate and lactic acid are increased resulting in higher levels of muscle fatigue (Seiler, Joranson, Olesen & Heltelid, 2013). In addition, for optimal training stimulus high intensities for prolonged periods of time, and or long intervals cannot be sustained without implementing recovery periods (Rønnestad, Hansen, Vegge, Tønnessen & Slettaløkken, 2015). Short interval protocols allow the athlete to achieve

The phosphocreatine system is fueled by a molecule called adenosine triphosphate, or ATP, which is broken down by the body. When broken down, ATP releases energy and a by product adenosine diphosphate, or ADP. Unfortunately, the body only has a limited amount of ATP and has to be replenished in order for it to properly function. The energy system that will be discussed in this paper is the phosphocreatine system, which is used in high power, short duration activities.

System uses phosphate creatine as the main energy sources from your muscles allowing ATP resynthesis producing power and acceleration. In this event, system provides immediate energy from the breakdown of high energy phosphate for maximum intensity lasting for approx 5-10 seconds. this is displayed when diving off the block and beginning the underwater work before breaking the water. This system does not produce any by products however it’s not efficient due to the short lasting supply of PC. After 10 seconds, the lactate system becomes more dominant.

Glucose sugar has to break down to make pyruvate, which is further broken down in the presence of oxygen or without oxygen. Aerobic respiration is a reaction that occurs in the presence of oxygen. It is very effective at producing 36-38 molecules of ATP after the whole reaction. Glucose molecules break down into 2

This process is accelerated by an increase in sympathetic stimulation of adipose tissue during exercise. Maintaining a sufficient production of ATP during moderate to heavy dynamic exercise is required and dependent upon the breakdown of glycogen as well. Exhaustion occurs when glycogen stored in the muscles are depleted. Therefore, the capacity for sustained work at moderate to heavy intensities depends on the amount of stored glycogen, which varies from person to person and can be altered by prior activity and diet (Pflanzer

On the other hand, muscle endurance tests are longer in duration and require a constant source of energy to sustain these activities. Therefore, the predominant energy system that will be utilized to maintain these activities is the oxidative. The oxidative system can provide a steady supply of energy for hours which is needed for muscle endurance test.