The Tenure-Of-Office Bill

He was rarely seen, while serving as congressman and governor, without his trademark carnation. McKinley served 7 terms in Congress from 1877-1891, except for a 9-months in 1884-1885. The House ruled that his opponent, lawyer Jonathan Wallace, had received the most votes in the 1882 election, so Wallace took McKinley’s seat for the rest of the term. McKinley easily got back to the office in the 1884 election. McKinley consistently won re-election even though the districts he represented were heavily Democratic. As a congressman, he focused his energies on the tariff problem and became known as a protectionist and as a persuasive speaker. He was usually associated with being on the side of big business, but he also worked hard for labor and later, as governor of Ohio, he encouraged employees to join labor unions and to criticize employers who refused workers the right to organized. Also as congressman he supported gold over silver as the backbone of America’s money system. In 1889, Thomas Reed of Maine defeated him in the position of Speaker of the House. McKinley lost his next bid for Congress and returned to Canton in 1891. As governor, a position he held for two terms from 1891-1895, he proposed laws to protect railroad workers and address the issue of child labor, and a state board of arbitration was established to deal with labor and business problems. During this time as governor he became friends with millionaire industrialist Mark Hanna

Democrats nominated Mr. Cleveland in 1885. The citizens gave Cleveland a torchlight parade in Chicago honoring Cleveland's nomination (Adams, n.d.). Cleveland was victorious at the election with the support of his fellow Democrats and reform Republicans, also known as the "Mugwumps," whom disliked James G. Blaine of Maine, Grover Cleveland's opponent (Grover, 2015). Mr. Cleveland had won the election with 219 electoral votes, while Mr. Blaine had only received 182 electoral votes. March 4, 1885, Stephen Grover Cleveland officially became President of the United States (Adams, n.d.). Cleveland was known as the bachelor, but that had changed by June 1886. During this year Mr. Clevelend was wed to 21-year-old Frances Folsom; he has been the only President married in the White House (Grover, 2015). While in Clevelands first term he vetoed an abundant amount of private pension bills towards the Civil War veterans, whose claims were obtained. When Congress, pressured by the Grand Army of the Republic, passed a bill granting the pensions for disabilities not caused by military service, Grover Cleveland Vetoed it as well (Grover, 2015). Grover Cleveland had later angered the railroads by constructing an investigation of western lands they held by Government grant. Cleveland forced the railroads to return 81,000,000 acres of land back to the Government and also signed the Interstate Commerce Act, the first law to attempt Federal regulation of the railroads (Grover, 2015). December 1887, Grover Cleveland called upon Congress to reduce the high protective tariffs. Spoken that he had given Republicans and issue for the compaign of 1888, Mr. Cleveland retorted, "What is the use of being elect or re-elected unless you stand for something?" (Grover, 2015). By the end of Cleveland's first term, he had been nominated by the Democrats

After the war was over, he became famous for drafting the letter that was for the end of the U.S. occupation of Cuba. With his fame as a war hero, he became a candidate for office as governor of New York in 1898. He continued to fight for political reform. To get rid of him, Boss Platt nominated Roosevelt

Abstract: The term limits movement for state legislatures has been gaining momentum. Fourteen states adopted limit initiatives in 1992. The goal of this final paper was to determine the factors that have contributed to the growth of the term limits movement. Much background research was conducted to determine the characteristics of the movement. Past research suggested several apparent reasons for the growth of the movement. These reasons included the existence of direct initiative, rates of legislator turnover, incumbency, regional political culture, citizen involvement, and the influence of interest groups.The overall questions for the project were to evaluate the factors which may have affected the movement. Including: what factors have influenced the growth of the term limits movement? In order to answer this question several hypotheses were tested for factors which have been used to explain the movement. The overall research conclusion was that the only explanatory factor for the growth of the term limits movement was the existence of the direct state initiative. The other factors include the regulation of the congressional developments. More states would have term limits if they had the power of initiative and term limits will likely be restricted to states which have this power, however, they should be placed in congress.

Cleveland still was working a full time job as governor of New York. ‘’By 1884, he was a national figure, and he was nominated as Democratic ‘’clean-government’’ candidate for President’’ (Columbia 1). A year later, Cleveland became the twenty second President of The United States. ‘’Cleveland by 28,685 votes, became the first Democratic President to be elected since James Buchanan in 1865’’ (Handlin 670). Cleveland was honestly a business man. During his term, he wanted to end the evilness of the government and make better men of the government.

Cleveland was the leader of the pro-business Bourbon Democrats who opposed high tariffs, Free Silver, inflation, imperialism, and subsidies to business, farmers, or veterans. His crusade for political reform and fiscal conservatism made him an icon for American conservatives of the era.[2] Cleveland won praise for his honesty, self-reliance, integrity, and commitment to the principles of classical liberalism.[3] He relentlessly fought political corruption, patronage, and bossism. Indeed, as a reformer his prestige was so strong that the like-minded wing of the Republican Party, called "Mugwumps", largely bolted the GOP presidential ticket and swung to his support in the 1884

Contrary to popular belief at the time, Chester A. Arthur’s time in office was widely renowned as a success. By signing the Pendleton Act, Arthur was able to vanquish the patronage system, and create a new system that appointed officials based on merit and qualification. Although signing this bill would cost him the opportunity to be named as the Republican Nominee for his re-election, the Pendleton Act would keep corruption low and allow more competent officials to be appointed into office.

Before the Pendleton Act was passed, the government operated the spoils system. Under the Spoils System, presidents were free to fill government positions with their supporters and friends.

When someone wants a law they take it to the judge to debate on it. Our country has been suffering from torture for so long. Someone decided to take it to the judge.After a great debate, the judicial branch sent their information to the legislative branch who concluded that they as well wanted it as a bill. President George W. Bush established that he didn't like this idea so he vetoed the bill. Bush states "The bill Congress sent me would take away one of the most valuable tools in the war on terror," In the article, Bush Vetoes Bill Banning Torture, it states “President George W. Bush said Saturday he vetoed legislation that would ban the CIA from using harsh interrogation methods such as waterboarding to break suspected terrorists because

Like Blaine, Cleveland and his running mate Governor Thomas Hendricks (Indiana) declared that he was a champion of the average working man. In a pamphlet, Facts for workingmen, Cleveland’s campaign referred to his record as a reformer during the first two years of his first term as governor of New York. In 1883, Cleveland created a bureau of labor statistics to compile information to be used for legislation that assisted the working class. He also passed a bill that established the Tenement House Commission to inspect tenements and to provide safe and healthy conditions. Moreover, in 1884, Cleveland signed a bill to protect the savings of “laboring men and women” in banks. Cleveland maintained that he was an honest man, independent of the

The senate bill no. 1174 is a bill intended to “amend and repeal various provisions of Proposition 227.”(CSU, 2017, p.551). Proposition 227 specifies among other things, that English learner students are to receive sheltered English immersion during a limited time not to exceed one year. This goal has not been reached, and SB 1174, that was approved by California voters in 2016, will provide a change as sheltered will be exchanged for structured English immersion. In addition, “the bill would authorize parents or legal guardians of pupils enrolled in the school to choose a language acquisition program that best suits their child, as provided.”(CSU, 2017, p.551). The changes will take effect on July 1, 2017.

The impeachment of President Andrew Johnson was the consequence of political clash and the crack of belief systems in the result of the American Civil War. It emerged from uncompromised convictions and a challenge for control in a country battling with reunification.

The second of the two senators was a senator named James G. Blaine. Blaine was a Republican senator from Maine during this same time period. Despite his corrupt actions, Blaine was probably the most popular Republican politician of the era. Charming, intelligent, witty, and able, he served twice as secretary of state and was a serious contender for the presidency in every election from 1876 to 1892. Blaine was a corrupt politician though. After being paid off by favors to railroads in return for money, Blaine lied to the public denying that it ever happened. Soon after, the public soon found out the truth. Blaine's corruption came back to him in 1884 when he tried to run for president. Overcome with anger towards him, Democrats would often rally: "Blaine! Blaine! James G. Blaine! / Continental liar from the state the Maine!" This kind of corruption shows how politicians were more worried about ensuring their own financial

While there are many amendments to the U.S. Constitution that have impacted our society and nation, I believe that the 19th amendment to the Constitution is one of the most important events in our history. The 19th amendment states, “The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex.” (1) There are several reasons why I find this amendment to be important, and I will discuss each point. Women have been fighting in our armed forces since the civil war. Women helped colonize the United States. Women are the backbone of our society.

From Kennedy’s perspective “A constitutional ethic of public service means first to respect rights and procedure (Kennedy, 2011).” This is a black and white point of view that categories public administration into rules and regulations or the constitution. Although, I believe that this concept is the best to follow, today’s politics control our public administrators. “The public interest is thus a balance of several values, but they begin with respect for rights and process (Kennedy, 2011).” I disagree with Kennedy’s concept in practice. In practice the politician’s interest and ethics are far more valuable than rules and regulations. What is best for the public sector is more often an ethical dilemma than a constitutional one.