The Theme Of Guilt In The Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne

Hawthorne’s great-great grandfather was known for executing the public whippings and stoning of four female Quakers whose only crime was infringing on Puritan turf. John Hathorne was brought up with rather strict, devout Puritan beliefs, he also became a magistrate judge in Boston, Massachusetts. Hathorne and Jonathon Corwin, another rather devout Puritan judge, began what is now known as the Salem Witch Trials. Hathorne and his team accused one-hundred-eighty-five people of performing acts of witchcraft in Salem, leading to the execution of fourteen women and five men (Hawthorne Power point). John Hawthorne’s son was named Joseph Hathorne, this man was Hawthorne’s grandfather. Nathaniel Hawthorne was born and raised in a land surrounded by many who were of predominantly Puritan heritage. For years to come, Hawthorne’s family was defined by what his grandfather had done as one of the judges responsible for the Salem Witch Trials, which caused Nathaniel Hawthorne to change his name from Hathorne to Hawthorne to distance himself from this reputation. Hawthorne eventually began practicing transcendental beliefs, such as those practiced by character of “The Scarlet Letter”, Hester Prynne. Hawthorne utilized character attributes and situations in his writing to portray his feelings about the Puritan

Throughout The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne relays the theme of guilt using symbolism that is portrayed in the scarlet letter itself and in the main character’s daughter. The story follows the protagonist, Hester Prynne, who commits adultery with the town minister, Arthur Dimmesdale, producing the child she raises on her own named Pearl. Guilt is a common theme for the duration of the novel which covers all aspects of the shame each character feels. These particular dimensions of shame come specifically from different objects in the novel and what they represent.

Guilt and shame haunt all three of the main characters in The Scarlet Letter, but how they each handle their sin will change their lives forever. Hester Prynne’s guilt is publicly exploited. She has to live with her shame for the rest of her life by wearing a scarlet letter on the breast of her gown. Arthur Dimmesdale, on the other hand, is just as guilty of adultery as Hester, but he allows his guilt to remain a secret. Instead of telling the people of his vile sin, the Reverend allows it to eat away at his rotting soul. The shame of what he has done slowly kills him. The last sinner in this guilty trio is Rodger Chillingworth. This evil man not only hides his true identity as Hester’s husband, but also mentally torments

Nathaniel Hawthorne (originally spelled “Hathorne';) was born to Elizabeth Clarke Manning Hathorne and Nathaniel Hathorne in Salem, Massachusetts on July 4, 1804. He was the second child and the only son of the Hathornes’ three children. When Nathaniel was four, his father came down with yellow fever and died in Surinam, Dutch Guiana. After his father’s death, Mrs. Hathorne moved her family into her parents’ house in Salem (Shepherd iv). At the age of nine, Nathaniel Hathorne suffered an injury to his legs that kept him from attending school for about two years. This injury was a blessing in disguise. During his recovery, Nathaniel read many books and developed an appreciation for the English classics. Bunyan’s Pilgrim Progress and Spenser’s Faerie Queene seem to have been his favorite books because he had two cats named Beelzebub and Apollyon, characters from Bunyan (Martin 17). “Hawthorne later named his first child Una, after Spenser’s heroine'; (Martin 17).

Also, Hawthorne juxtaposes motifs to reveal Hester’s point-of-view and understanding. In The Scarlet Letter, Hester forcefully wears the embroidered letter “A” with golden thread representing sin and adultery. Then, her daughter asks, “What does the letter mean, mother?” Her mother responds, “for the scarlet letter, I wear it for the sake of its gold-thread” (163). In this quote, Hester is hiding the real logic of why she is wearing the scarlet letter, because she understands Pearl is still a child, she would not be able to understand the hypocrisy of the society. Furthermore, the community forced her to wear it as a source of a punishment. However, this juxtaposition of wearing the item for the sake of its beauty, is a different idea contrasting the genuine reason of why she is wearing the scarlet letter. Additionally, another symbolism that Hawthorne juxtaposes is the meaning of the allegorical object in the novel. This object is the scarlet letter, which its meaning changed from the beginning to the end of the book. At first, the author represents the idea of the wickedness of the letter it has on Hester, “[that] transfigured [Hester] . . . [and it] illuminated upon her bosom” (51). Not only, the scarlet letter has a peculiar “effect of a spell, taking her out of the ordinary relations with humanity and enclosing her in a sphere by herself” (51). Thus, the author interprets the meaning of the scarlet letter

Throughout, “The Scarlet Letter,” Hawthorne is able to enhance the plot by intricately incorporating symbols which represent a deeper meaning. One of which, is the infamous, and ambiguous, scarlet letter that lays upon the bosom of Hester Prynne. In the beginning of the book, the audience is immediately introduced to the scarlet letter as a symbol of shame and adultery. The narrator describes the Puritan society as very judgemental and harsh. Comments like, “This woman has brought shame upon us all, and ought to die,” creates this negative and unwelcoming atmosphere which surrounds Hester for a majority of the book. From then on, the Puritans constantly refer to the

First off, Hawthorne uses the symbol of the scarlet letter to contribute to the theme of Guilt. The scarlet letter is forced upon the bosom of Hester, who is the protagonist of this novel. Hester had a child after her husband was known to be missing. She was accused of Adultery, and the scarlet colored letter was put on her as a token of shame to cast a shadow on her eternally. Hawthorne explains, “In a moment however, wisely judging that one token of her shame would poorly serve to hide another” (Hawthorne 50). This quote shows that the scarlet letter is a profound symbol of guilt, it could not have been hidden with

Though never forced to don a branding like the letter “A” in The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne, people in modern society are always remembered along with their act of wrongdoing. However, the subjects of the public judgement may not see their choices as immoral. People shame for a difference in beliefs and morals. For instance, Kim Kardashian, a popular reality TV star attained her own personal fame by making a sex tape with rapper Ray J, and, consequently, was shamed in the headlines. Despite the bashing, Kim did not see why her act was deemed shameful. Kim acts as a modern day Hester Prynne because she underwent the same humiliation from her society.

The punishment for this day and age for adultery was very serious. Hester had to go to jail and then got an “A” to wear on her chest for life to make sure that everyone was aware of the sin she committed. Pearl is a constant reminder to Hester of the serious sin that she committed and how it will affect her life forever. When the book, The Scarlet Letter introduces Hester it says the following, “ the young and pure would be taught to look at her, with the scarlet letter flaming on her breast….as the figure, the body, the reality of sin” (Hawthorne 76). Hester, her whole life was seen as a sinner and with that came Pearl as the result. One day while walking in the forest, “ Mother, said little Pearl, “the sunshine does not love you. It runs away and hides itself, because it is afraid of something on your bosom. . . . It will not flee from me, for I wear nothing on my bosom yet” (Hawthorne 180). This show Pearl making the connection of her sin and how the townspeople and everything surrounding them acts when they see the letter. Pearl symbolizes adultery because, she is a scarlet letter in the flesh and she is living proof of Hester's and Dimmesdale's

The scarlet letter is a symbol of guilt with the power to transform not only its wearer, but everyone involved in its inaugural scandal. Pearl and the letter share a certain relationship, and at times seem to mirror each other, as they exhibit similar tendencies. As children of indignity alike, they unconsciously serve as emotional grim reapers, and together, they unwillingly carry out the supernatural mandate of punishment rationed to them through sadistic and demoniac means. Because the two chosen are but unwilling situational puppets strewn by fate, it is impossible for self proclaimed vigilantes of the paranormal to come out unscathed. In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s thusly named romantic novel of 1850, the scarlet letter, its identity, and

Nathaniel Hawthorne was a writer in the 1800s, an anti-transcendentalist, and the great-nephew of John Hathorne, a judge in the Salem Witch Trials. Hawthorne is obsessed with Puritanism and, due to being obsessed, bases all his writings on Puritan towns. All of his stories take place in New England in the 1600s, before the Salem Witch Trials; The Scarlet Letter is one of these stories. In his novel, The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne uses the symbolism of the Wild Rosebush, Hester’s Cabin, and the sunlight and the forest to contribute to the overall theme of imperfection.

Let us gather here today as one- not as a group, but as a family.We all stand here today on a level scaffold. Many of you remember me as a nefarious citizen that stood on this here scaffold several years ago. Those who do not already know me, I am Hester Prynne- I have migrated from Amsterdam in hopes of coming to the New World, and in my past I have committed a terrible infraction. I am forever enduring the consequences for engaging in an act of adultery seven years ago. Although, 25% percent of those who have committed adultery go unnoticed and their only punishment is taking their guilt to the grave. There is a sinner among all of us. I am not here to justify the sin I have exerted, I am here to bring to a greater understanding that everyone here has sinned- whether or not you have dealt with the consequences that come along with sinning is dependent on if your community perceives it as a sin.

In the novel The Scarlet Letter by Nathanial Hathorne, Hester Prynne commits adultery with Dimmsdale and has a daughter named Pearl. According to the 17th century Puritan society, Hester commits a big sin by having an affair and the child. Chapters 7 and 8 discuss whether or not she would be able to keep her daughter despite her wrong doings. In the two chapters, Hawthorne exemplifies the idea of living with guilt and shame during a time of strict social norms.

In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter, the topic of guilt is a reoccurring. Guilt is portrayed throughout the novel as causing immense amounts suffering. In The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne, symbols throughout the novel examine how guilt is an everlasting punishment.

Hawthorne used the scarlet letter to represent sin. The letter was an ‘A’ embroidered beautifully with gold thread, pinned to the chest of Hester Prynne, our main character. She was forced to wear it as punishment for committing adultery. She had had sex with her minister despite the fact that she had a husband, Roger Chillingworth. Though it was believed he had passed on his passage to America from England, in puritan law, once you were married, you were married for life. It is later revealed that Chillingworth did not die, and was actually living in the same town under a different name. Hester was ashamed of her scarlet letter, she had not one friend in the town to understand the weight of her actions. Hawthorne wrote, “When strangers looked curiously at the scarlet letter… they branded it [her sin] afresh in Hester’s soul… she could scarcely refrain from, yet always did refrain from covering the symbol with her hand.” (Hawthorne 79). It was during this scene in the book that Hawthorne explained how every acknowledgement of her sin brought her deep pain from the reminder of what she did.The stigma of the scarlet letter served as both a reminder to Hester and the townspeople of what she had done. Sometime later when Pearl, Hester’s daughter, was a bit older, Hawthorne wrote, “...She [Pearl] grasped at it [scarlet letter] smiling not doubtfully… Hester Prynne clutched the fatal token… so infinite was the torture inflicted by the intelligent touch of Pearl’s baby hand.” (Hawthorne 88).In this passage Hawthorne reiterates that the scarlet letter is so deeply associate with Hester’s sin that even when her baby girl, the only thing in life that she valued, touched it, it was like torture. The scarlet letter served as a daily reminder of her sin, a main theme of the