The Theme Of Realism In Goopy Bagha

Principles of Marxism are seen in this piece of literature through the portrayal of the Bourgeoisie, the Proletariat and characters of wealth. A negative view of the affluent is demonstrated in the text by the elder

Marxist literary criticism as defined by Peter Barry approaches a literary text through terms introduced in Karl Marx’ and Friedrich Engels’ Communist economic theory. Their jointly written text titled The Communist Manifesto called for a society with “state ownership on industry… rather than private ownership”. The social theory later became known as Marxism. As stated in Barry’s text, “The aim of Marxism is to bring about a classless society, based on the common ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange” (156). One of the theory’s main aspects looks to the “exploitation of one social class by another. The result leaves one class alienated.” Central to Marxism is a belief in its ability to change the material world, which it theorizes. According to Marxist theorists, only through conflicts between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat, can the status quo positively change (157).

The story “Chickamauga” is like a weird version of reality and the violence of war. Realism is something that makes situations what they are really like. It makes the characters and their surroundings so convincing. Naturalism analyzes reality from a natural point of view. In Bierce’s short story, “Chickamauga” he delivers a description of war with a child mindset.

Realism can be defined as “the faithful representation of reality" or "verisimilitude" where it is a literary technique used in the literary works by the writer. Using the realism technique, it also signifies a particular kind of subject matter especially regarding the ordinary people of the middle class in the society. The element of realism portrays the events that could also happen even in the real life, not only in a story as it focuses on the natural behavior of a group of people in the society. Most of Tagore stories include the technique of realism as it is expressed in the settings, characterization and the plot. Through the eyes of the ordinary people, the readers might also apply their story in their life as they can easily relate

Marxist criticism is one of the literary lenses that are used when analyzing a work. Through this criticism, I will be able to examine The Life of Pi to understand how class differences, struggle, economics and politics influence the events that take place in the story. Marxist criticism focuses on the economic structure of society as it believes that it has an influence on everything in life and the lives of the characters are determined by social structure. It was developed by Marx and Engels after Marx perceived that human history has consisted of a series of struggles between classes. It also identifies the conflicts between classes, which the characters are part of and how the quest for wealth defines them. This idea of classes, seeking wealth and escaping political situations all take place in The Life of Pi, as Pi starts his life in India living an upper-middle-class lifestyle then losing everything and having to work his way up again to regain his wealth in a new country.

A Marxist lens is strong lens to analyze Conrad’s novel Heart of Darkness. Marxism is the belief that there is a conflict between the ruling class and working class, the crux of this conflict is the working struggle for economic power while the ruling class believes in the profit of capitalism but the power of Marxism. Throughout the Heart of Darkness Marxism influences all aspect of society, laws, economic base, and exploitation.

According to Karl Marx, a famous German philosopher, came up with the theory that the higher class, known as the bourgeoisie, enslaved and exploit the working class, known as proletariat. This theory relates to the two novels A Brave New World by Aldous Huxley and Legend by Marie Lu. There are many similarities that take place between these dystopian novels and it is evident that everything is predetermined and controlled by the state, causing conflict and chaos. This is demonstrated by the caste system, abuse of drugs and power within the government.

For the Marxist critic, literature is in of itself a social institution, with a particular ideological function based on the experience and beliefs of the author, and a material product to be comprehended in broadly historical terms, emphasizing class and ideology as they are illustrated, distribute, and contest the social order of the period in which it was written. Terry Eagleton, in his book Marxism and Literary Criticism, describes Marxist application to literature

Realism wishes to “revolt against the exotic subject matter… and for this reason it is also commonly referred as bourgeois realism.” One finds this aspect of realism as well in “The Lady with the Dog” in which

Brechts work is based on the concept that theatre is a means of political persuasion for the masses. He sees the theatre as a tool to manipulate the audience, and to influence their day-to-day living once that have thought about issues raised during the performance.

Brecht was not the sort of writer or director that wanted an exact portrayal from his actors of how he saw his characters. Nor did he expect the audience to take an exact interpretation from he actors. He wanted the audience to draw some sort of moral from the story that would arouse their sense of reason to affect their own

The ideas of Bertolt Brecht (1898-1965) changed the theatre in many ways. Brecht along with Erwin Piscator developed the style of Epic theatre style contrasting to previous accepted styles. Presentational in form, Epic theatre is a vehicle for social comment through techniques such as: alienation, historification, eclectic influences (highly Asian), constructivism in scenery, disjointed and illogical scene placement, ordinary clothing and lighting, the use of music to detach the audience from emotion, placards and signs and projected images. Didactic in nature Brecht’s works aim to challenge the

Derived from opinions and views of the Father of Communism and adapted to fit literature both modern and classic, the Marxist lens is a particular way to view literature in relation to a powerful bourgeoisie that abuses a less powerful or economically prevalent proletariat. Upon viewing a text through this lens, common themes such as said abusement and commonly struggles for power become commonplace. Through these lens, one can view Shakespeare’s Hamlet and find social classes set in the book and desires for power within and between them. While viewing Hamlet through the Marxist lens, one could identify the tragedy as a struggle for power and a lesson on retaliation and violence overall.

            Marxist literary criticism remains a very rational, pragmatic endeavor at its core. "If  ideology were merely some abstract set of notions...society would be very much easier to move and change than in practice it has ever been or is" (Williams 3). Though aware of  their own inability to comment from outside the bounds of hegemony, Marxist critics seem to express a tacit hope that by providing knowledge of hegemonic

E.M. Forster’s classic novel “A Passage to India” tells the story of a young doctor, Dr. Aziz, and his interactions with the British citizens who are residing in India during the time of the British Raj. Throughout the novel, the reader gets many different viewpoints on the people and the culture of India during this point in history. The reader sees through the eyes of the Indian people primarily through the character of Dr. Aziz, and the perceptions of the British through the characters of Mr. Fielding, Adela Quested, and Mrs. Moore. Through the different characters, and their differing viewpoints, the reader can see that Forster was creating a work that expressed a criticism that he held of the behavior of the British towards their Indian subjects.