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The Theory Of Leadership And Management

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Introduction
Nowadays, with the development of globalization and commercialization, the contemporary business environment becomes more and more complex, chaotic, and dynamic and interactional. Therefore, some leadership and management scholars suggested that some of the conventional approaches to leadership might be ill suited to the current business environment and organizations. In fact, in the early 1990s, some organization leaders had realized that finding a new way to manage their organizations is crucial to survive and coping with the rivalry in the changing environment. And, as Gibb (2004: 743) suggested ‘ during the 1990s, organizations sought to find out the ways of engaging their staff in evolving new organizational cultures and commitments, rather than “ instructing” them in what to think, feel and believe’. Hence, how to mobilize staffs’ intrinsic motivation and make leaders to be more inspirational and effective in modern business environment becomes a popular issue in the leadership and management study fields. Nevertheless, arts-based approaches to leadership have provided a new direction for leadership and management development; because’ arts have a long history of transforming our experiences (cognitive-emotional elations) of the environments which we inhabit’ (Sutherland, 2012:30). Also, some scholars believed that ‘arts-based approaches to leadership provide effective learning through engaging participants in an enjoyable and entertaining environment for

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