The Theory Of Memory Of Life As Perceived By Lung Transplant Candidates And Their Caregivers

Roy views a person as “an adaptive system that responds to internal and external stimuli in their environments” (Alligood & Tomey, 2006.)

Discussion how “words of comfort” encapsulated the books take on medicine, I feel that these words are showing us how in medicine being a caring and sympathetic health care provider is important. (Verghese, 2009) In the book relationships with patients is shown to be as important as the care they are providing. Knowing how much technology and medicine has advanced in the last years I feel that no matter how good the scientific side of it is there has to be a relationship with the health care providers and patients. It is proven that a positive relationship helps a patient recover faster. Relationships can help in many ways just having someone to talk to, give feedback, and encouragement are all way relationships are able to benefit and speed up recovery. (Brainline, 2015)

Roy’s adaptation model is described as promoting a person’s adaptation in the four adaptive models which include physiologic needs, self-concept, role function, and interdependent relations (Hood, 2014, p. 135). Roy uses the approach of adaptation in the response to external stimulus. A stimulus can elicit a response, but it is the way that a person can adapt to the stimulus that will allow the person to cope (Roy, 2014, p.135). For example, a person may encounter an illness but how the person deals with it and the resources at hand will make the difference in their coping. Roy describes that there are two coping mechanisms that can affect our mind and also our body systems (Hood, 2014, p.134).

This perspective emphasizes mental activities such as thinking, decision-making, and memory in order to understand how the information is attained, administered, stored, and used in terms of influencing the person’s

Four drives determine which emotions are suitable to handle incoming events. In most of the time, people are usually not aware of their own emotional changes. However, the emotional experiences will become conscious experiences as the time passed. Under the circumstances, people tend to rely on social norms, past experiences and personal values to decide the emotions that needed to deal with the incoming events, thus fulfil goals (goal-directed).

Albert Bandura’s social cognitive theory explains psychological functioning in terms of triadic reciprocal causation. Triadic reciprocal causation is a system assuming human action as a result of an interaction with the environment, behavior, and a person. Bandura explains "person" as being a cognitive factor such as memory, anticipation, and planning. It is because of these cognitive capacities that some people can select or restructure their environment.

• that a person can learn to become aware of the interaction of cognition, emotion, and behavior; and that altering the ones that may be more directly under our control or influence – cognition and behavior – will impact the person’s responses on all levels.

Volition is believed to govern over the lower subsystems of the hierarchy (Kielhofner & Burke, 1980). The middle subsystem is defined as habituation. Habituation is responsible for organizing behavior into roles, patterns, and routines. Roles reflect a group of behaviors with which an individual may have certain expectations of performance. The individual's beliefs and society influence these expectations. Roles contribute to self-identity and influence behavior. This organization allows for certain behaviors to be performed automatically and adapted to various environments. Performance, the lowest subsystem within the hierarchy, consists of the skills necessary for producing behavior. These include perceptual-motor processing skills, cognition, and communication. The function of the performance subsystem is to produce behaviors called

After Demetrius has identified his negative thoughts and has practiced alternative coping thoughts, we can introduce him the rehearsal of shifting from self-defeating to coping thoughts during stressful situations. This helps Demetrius to use a self-defeating thoughts as a cue for an instant switch to coping

This essay demonstrates my understanding of the psychological theories and concepts which were discussed in lectures as I have applied this knowledge to the case example. I have employed two psychological topics such as the Humanistic perspective of personality and Stress and Coping theory.

Learning is the relatively permanent change in behavior (Burns, 1995), and can come in the form of observable activities and internal processes. Explanations of what happens when these actions occur are known as learning theories. These theories include behaviorist, cognitivist, humanist, social learning and constructivist. In this essay behaviorist and cognitivists will be described, compared and contrasted in order to truly understand their approache.

This essay discusses coping, a complex process exercised by people to suppress, change, or eliminate stress or threat. This essay also discusses copers, that is, people who exhibit certain personality characteristics, known as distress resistant personality patterns, which can significantly influence whether they stay healthy or become ill. Also covered are coping strategies, -strategies people draw upon to solve life’s stressors, some

The book starts by clarifying the two fundamental modes of thought: ‘system-1 (the fast thinking system) and ‘system-2’ (the slow thinking system). System-1 is fast, automatic, effortless, and intuitive. And it cannot be turned-off. While, system-2 is slow, effortful and lazy. But in all, system-2 is a very supportive system.

Psychology is a broad subject filled with many different theories, several theories of which that were particularly interesting fall under the topic “The Learning Perspective”. In fact, Learning is described as the acquisition of knowledge or skills through experience, study, or by being taught. This paper takes a leap further into the psychology and true meaning behind the Learning Perspective, as well as its Biological Importance in our everyday lives. The ideology behind his perspective basically revolves around the idea that behavior is trained, conditioned, reinforced and essentially reflexive. Two of the main theories are listed as follows; The Behaviorism theory and The Cognitive theory. Each theory draws a clear distinction about its differences and similarities with its connection to stimuli. For example, in both sub theories, such as Classical Conditioning and Operant Conditioning, an action is done and a specific response is given. What sets both theories apart are the positivity or negativity of the reward for the action. From this paper, the importance of Learning is discussed as well as the effectiveness of the different theories and its principles that define and set each other apart.

In the next paragraphs I will consider some theories, factors and evidence on cognitive controlling of emotion in terms of