The Theory Of Planned Behavior

Engaging in exercise everyday would help reduce the risk of lifestyle diseases, such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The counties could also educate the people on the dangers of smoking and as such spearhead campaigns to help people quit smoking. The theory of planned behavior is used to predict deliberate behavior in individuals since behavior can be planned and deliberative. The theory could be applied in reversing the health trends in the counties with emphasis on whether to exercise or use condoms when having sex. Further, there exists a correlation between independently healthy eating behaviors with barriers, such as attitude, perceived behavioral control, and subjective norm, evident in the theory of planned behavior3. The health policymakers in the counties would have to assume that people process every piece of information and act accordingly and thus would be compelled to quit smoking and result to exercise. This theory would fit the intervention plan due to its efficiency to explain intention, perceived behavioral control being as important as attitude across health-related behavior

In conclusion, addressing the problem of non-adherence would help alleviate the burden of added costs to healthcare. When patients take their medications as prescribed, they are considered to be adherent. Adherence has two components that are complementary to each other: persistence and implementation

Medication adherence is described as the extent to which the patients take medication as prescribed by the health care provider. To ensure the patients receive proper care, health care systems must implement procedures to successfully meet their needs and overall improve their quality of life. However, there are several reasons that affect proper medical care, which ultimately results in an increase in health care expenses and poorer health outcomes for patients. Studies have shown that approximately 50% of patients do not take their chronic medications as prescribed and that nonadherence can cost the health care system nearly $100 to $289 billion per year (1). Medication adherence is difficult to achieve due to ineffective communication between

Adherence is defined as the extent to which a person's behaviour in taking medication which requires the person's agreement to the recommendations for treatment from health care provider(4) to achieve healthy lifestyle. (7) In the situation that not following the health care provider’s orders correctly, it is known as the medication non-adherence. Medication non-adherence will lead to multidimensional health care problem. (1) Non-adherence of medication will be occured among patients during different stages of their therapy.

Another topic that is underlined throughout the book was Andie’s non-adherence to her insulin shot and other medications. Throughout the book, Andie has demonstrated many incidences of non-adherence. Andie does not use her needles properly and has intentionally miss insulin shots to lose weight. The reason behind her behavior can be explained by the “Health Belief Model” in the Adherence and Behavior section of PHRM 826 Patient Centered Care. For patients to take action, they need to have high perceived threat from not taking the action. Threat is influenced by severity of non-adherence and susceptibility of those severities. For Andie, she definitely has high perceived severity from knowledge of possible complications of diabetes from

Adherence to medical advice is poor in chronic illness. Depression is a common and under-addressed problem in chronic illness that decreases adherence. Identification and treatment of depression can improve compliance. According to health behavior models people are unlikely to make changes unless they see a benefit. A multifaceted approach to providing information, assisting with motivation and stategizing with the patient when prescribing medical advice will help the patient understand what changes they can make that will lessen symptoms and improve their condition.

Negative reinforcement by instilling fear to comply is unethical and if a patient refuses treatment after information giving this must be accepted (Haynes et al. 2002:2881). Documentation is a vital tool to protect health professionals in this situation (Loveridge 2005:19). The promotion of concordance must be within a framework of health promotion as medication compliance is a learned response in health management and self-efficacy (Embrey 2006:510).

Medication adherence is one of the most important challenge in healthcare research due to its complexity and impact on overall health outcomes. The work suggests that non-adherence is frequent for all drug classes and the causes are attributed to characteristics of the medication itself, high cost of prescription drugs, lack of patient education and psychological variables. Most of the solution defined to address the level of non-adherence stresses the importance of developing HIT infrastructures. The collection and sharing of healthcare related data has been facilitated by the advances in ensuring EHRs while the patients are treated in hospital.

There are many different solutions to patient non-compliance. Education is one of the biggest factors that play into whether or not a patient will adhere to discharge instructions. When patients do not understand why they are taking their medication and or how they are supposed to continue their care at home; it poses a big contribution to patient non-compliance. According to Pasina’s (2014) medication adherence study, patients are more likely to follow there medication regimen if they are better educated on why they are taking their medication, when they should take their medication and how to correctly take their medication. Dury (2013) states that offering patients tools that will help them improve their health and better understand their medication will increase adherence.

adherence. In this article, we discuss how adherence data can be used to support Quality

Non-adherence has adverse implications in regards to a variety of clinical conditions. Cardiovascular disease is a serious healthcare issue and accounts for approximately 1 million deaths annually in the United States. In addition, approximately 5.7 million people in the United States suffer from some form of cardiovascular disease. According to Iuga & McGuire (2010), non-adherence among patients with cardiovascular disease stands at about 50% and causes adverse progression in the intensity of cardiovascular-related complications. Non-adherence among patients with cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death. Medication is the primary form of treatment for patients with cardiovascular diseases.

This article, written by healthcare professionals in the greater Philadelphia area, describes the methodology and findings of the early phase of a long-term study to determine the best ways to improve medicine taking compliance. A total of 132 subjects were selected through random sampling procedures from regular hypertension programs at The Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, PA. Patients were interviewed and filled out a questionnaire regarding how often they took their blood pressure medication. The results showed a positive relationship between blood pressure control and compliance, especially when compliance was differentiated between those who missed the occasional pill and those who missed three or more. The article notes that it is important to realize that, because the study relied on patients to accurately detail their behavior, some of the information must be taken with a grain of salt. Three variables were also found to contribute to explaining self-reported medication taking compliance. These were control over health matters, perceived barriers, and duration of treatment.

Adherence to a treatment is one of the most important things that patients can do to restore their health. The reason for non-adherence might be due to a variety of factors, perhaps in this scenario the treatment is very long and complex. But, the consequences for the lack of adherence will be a load not only to the patient, but also to health care providers, and to society. Health care providers are regularly faced with dilemma, therefore it is important for them to be aware of their value system and be dedicated to it.

Meta-examination is utilized as a philosophy for incorporating exploration discoveries with measurable investigation of results from numerous individual studies. 19 Metaanalysis offers a thorough distinct option for account talks of the exact writing 20 and permits examination of patterns in substantive and estimation issues 21–24 The objectives of the present exploration are: 1) to recover, gather, and normal the adherence rates reported in all distributed observational investigations of adherence (and agreeability) more than 50 years (1948–1998); 2) to survey varieties in adherence as indicated by logical and estimation variables (crosswise over time periods, test qualities, estimation procedures, ailment conditions, and treatment regimens), giving standards to subgroups and their cooperations; and 3) to look at the part of patients' demographic attributes (age, sexual orientation, training, and wage) in adherence. In light of shared characteristics in existing adherence models, especially as they identify with patients' personality, sickness mental self view, and the importance of treatment in endeavors to safeguard, keep up, or restore a favored (pre-disease) self-character, 8,9,25,26 it is guessed that adherence could be more hard to accomplish: 1) in the setting of regimens that are more pervasive (eg, behavioral) as opposed to delineated (eg, drug), 2) when enduring is less (ie, when ailment is less genuine and the outcomes of nonadherence may appear to be lower), and 3) when assets, for example, wage and training are needing. Demographic variables (patient age and sexual orientation) are not anticipated that would have reliable impacts on adherence, which is anticipated to change reliably as per the subjectivity of its

When considering health psychology it is important to recognise the various models it is made up of. The basis of this essay will be to take a look at the health belief model and the theory of planned behaviour, considering their historical origins, the positives and negatives of applying these approaches and examples of when they have been used. After some analysis it may offer some insight into possible improvements that could be implemented from further research. Also included will be an overview of how the models compare to each other and critical evaluation of research from this field.