The Theory Of Psychology And Psychology

The Behaviourist approach believe that human beings are able to learn all types of behaviours through the environment they grow up in, its believes that we learn these behaviours through using theories, such as, Ivan Pavlov’s Classical Conditioning and Burrhus Frederic Skinner’s Operant Conditioning.

Sigmund Freud is thought to be the founder of psychoanalysis and he embarked on conducting a study to analyse and interpret dreams as a means of determining their relation to the human psyche. Starting off his career as a neurologist he was already very familiar with the brain and it’s inner workings. However his study was specifically conducted to explore the more celestial attributes of the mind and apply scientific theory and neurological practice. Freud said that, "The interpretation of dreams is the royal road to a knowledge of the unconscious activities of the mind." He meant that because dreams are such an unconscious activity they give an almost direct insight into the workings of the unconscious mind. In "The Interpretation of Dreams" he was the first person to look at the mind and to develop a theory about its basis and creation. By identifying which parts of the mind are unconscious and conscious he was able to fix scientific labels on celestial areas of the brain. In effect, Freud is responsible for giving the study of the mind it’s serious and scientific attributes. Something that had only previously associated with the physical study of the brain. In order to prove his theory he analyzed his dreams, his childhood memories, screen memories, slips of the tongue, and episodes of forgetfulness. His theory was that by analyzing dreams and memories they will aid in trying to understand how events from the past, including childhood, continue to actively influence

The concept of Psychology originated from philosophy and biology which are two factors used in psychology today (Eysenck 2009). Psychology represents ‘study of the mind’ (Gross 2005). Psychology is a type of science which studies the behaviour of humans and animals, psychology tries to understand why people behave in certain ways taking into consideration their thoughts and feelings (Eysenck 2009). The term psychology was founded from the Greek word, psyche which means mind, soul or spirit combined with the Latin word logos which means’ the study of’ (Gross 2005). Psychology dates back to ancient civilizations who were interested in workings of the the mind and behaviours (Payne and Walker 2003). Wilhelm Wundt opened the first psychological laboratory in 1879 (Glassman 2008). Wundt and his co workers studied the structures that make up the mind, he was the first theorist to use psychology as a self conscious experiment studying perceptions and conscious awareness (Gross 2005).

Behaviourism is a psychological approach that emphasis on environmental factors influencing observable human behaviour. This approach consists of two main processes: Classical conditioning which means learning things by associating them with something e.g. if you ate Chinese food before and it made you feel queasy and unwell then the next time you see Chinese food you will associate it to that experience you had before. Operant conditioning which means learning things by positive and negative reinforcement and association e.g. when you do well in school and your parents buy you the game you’ve always wanted (positive reinforcement).

The psychodynamic approach founded by Sigmund Freud was a lot of our behavior, is determined by unconscious thoughts, memories. Freud developed the first complete theory of mind and is the founder of a series of techniques called psychoanalysis. This aims to explore the unconscious mind by using techniques, such as free association, dream interpretation etc. and then and be used treat abnormal behavior. Psychodynamic psychology ignores the aspects of science and instead focuses on trying to get inside the head of individuals to make logic of their relationships, experiences and how they see the world. (McLeod, 2007). Freud’s theories

What is psychology? What impact does psychology have on the world? What does it mean to be a psychologist? These are three important questions that will be investigated throughout this paper. Psychology is the scientific study of the human mind and behavior. Psychology influences many behaviors in the world without anyone noticing.

The behaviourists believed that all behaviour is learned through the environment. They suggest that we learn through classical conditioning and operant conditioning.

And explain thoughts, emotions and behaviors. Research psychologist studies exciting opportunities in psychology; it looks at various branches in the field of psychological research, for example in clinical psychology which includes both scientific research, focusing on the search for general principles, and clinical service, focusing on the study and care of clients, and information gathered from each of these activities influences practice and research., development psychology focuses on behaviors and conducts, while trying to understand the formation of its studies. The field of psychology commonly uses experimental methods in what is known as experimental psychology. Researchers design experiments to test specific hypotheses (the deductive approach), or to evaluate functional relationships (the inductive approach). One such experimental study is The Milgram experiment on obedience to authority figures. My paper will attempt to look at the ethics surrounding the Milgarm experiment, on the obedience to authority figures. And the reasons some psychologist misconstrued it has unethical.

The behaviourist perspective believes in nurture and that all behaviour is learnt from environmental influences and experiences, due to this they reject the idea of free-will. They have a strong belief in scientific methodology and that only observable behaviours should be studied as behaviour can be objectively measured using scientific experiments. There are three keys strands of the behaviourist perspective, Classical conditioning, Operant conditioning, and social learning theory.

Behaviourists differ largely from other perspectives because they view environment as a key role in the development of human nature including personality and mental health. Behaviourists believe these environmental factors have been learnt through classical and operant conditioning. Classical conditioning involves learning by association, and operant conditioning involves learning from the consequences of behaviour.

The field of Psychology has been an area of study, since Wilhelm Wundt did the first psychology lab in 1879 (McLeod, 2008), and since then we have come a very long way in discovering what makes up human behaviors and mental processes. It is important to learn about the field of psychology, especially in the field of Child and Youth care because, understanding how the brain works and understanding the actions, and or reasoning behind feelings may help with the cognitive therapy of a child in need. To begin, I believe having the correct knowledge and understanding how neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine, dopamine, GABA, glutamate, norepinephrine, and serotonin affect the brain are important. As well as having the knowledge of the different parts of the limbic system such as the hippocampus (memory), amygdala (emotion), thalamus (brain directory), hypothalamus (breathing, hunger, thirst, sleep). Finally, classical conditioning. Classical conditioning is a way of teaching through stimuli and events (David G. Myers, 2014). We study psychology to gain more knowledge on areas of the brain, how they work, and how they may affect an individual. Three areas in the field of psychology that could improve my learning academics/ employment skills include classical conditioning, dopamine, and the amygdala.

Several researchers contributed to the development of psychology as a separate field of study. "Their work, along with Wundt 's work, made Germany the undisputed center of the movement" (Schultz, & Schultz, 2011p. 77). The world 's first psychological laboratory was opened by Wilhelm Wundt in 1879 at the University of Leipzig (Schultz &Schultz, 2011).When researchers started to rely on controlled observations and experimentation to study the human mind psychology began to obtain its own identity separate from its philosophical roots (Schultz &Schultz, 2011). Scientific study was occurring in several psychological

Psychology, the study of human behavior and mental processes, is a social science that use principles and theories to help people and psychologists understand ourselves and others. Psychology helps people figure out why they are the way they are, and why things happen the way they do. Psychology was created in 1879 by Wilhelm Wundt, but has psychological thoughts and traces from as far back as over 2,ooo years ago. Psychology gives reason to things that happen that cannot be seen or measured. Psychology, in other terms, helps us understand human behavior and how internal or external forces affect our behavior.

This psychology class has further introduced me to two subfields of psychology that interest me. The first subfield is clinical psychology, which is “the study of individuals, by observation or experimentation, with the intention of promoting change” (American Psychological Association, 2015). They study different types of metal, emotional, and behavioral disorders from things as small and temporary such as school and work stress, to permanent issues like schizophrenia and post-traumatic stress disorder. This particular section interests me because I find it interesting to learn about chronic diseases. It intrigues me to learn how these diseases come about and what affects they have on an individuals’ brain. For example, post-traumatic stress disorder can completely change a person and their everyday life, almost controlling them. Another subfield of psychology that interests me is forensic psychology. These psychologists “conduct evaluations that inform and guide legal proceedings” (American Psychological Association, 2015). The cases they work on range from child abuse cases to the sanity of a defendant. Forensic psychologists “conduct research on the interface of law and psychology”, this being why it interests me since I am a criminal justice and psychology major (Myers & DeWall, 2014, p. C-3). The idea of being a part of legal issues such as being a part of the deliberation by the jury or taking place in the consultation is something I would enjoy doing. The reason I

When psychology was first established as a science it separated from biology and philosophy, the debate over how to describe and explain the human mind and behavior began. The first school of thought, structuralism, was advocated by the founder of the first psychology lab, Wilhelm Wundt. Almost immediately, other theories began to emerge and vie for dominance in psychology. The following are some of the major thought that have influenced our knowledge and understanding of psychology: Structuralism, functionalism, behaviorism: