The Theory Of The Quantum Computation Model

The evolution of the processor has come all the way from the Intel 4004 to the processors of today and one would expect Moore’s law to continue to allow exponentially more powerful processors from here on out. Moore’s law will continue, but in a way of overall speed instead of transistors. Modern processors being so fast they produce too much heat to effectively cool, leading to CPU developers needing to design new cooling systems or a new way of making transistors entirely. Another hurdle for CPU developers is that as the transistors become smaller and smaller, quantum tunneling takes place, and a semiconductor becomes just a conductor, allowing power all of the time. A possible solution being quantum computing.Quantum computing involves the bits used in storing data being individual atoms. It’s theorized that such computing techniques could be used to simulate complex chemical processes and increase the accuracy of atomic clocks. We’ve seen where CPUs have come from, we’ve seen where they are, now we have the chance to see where they will go, and the extraordinary heights they will

Alan Mathison Turing was born in Paddington, London on June 23, 1912. At a young age he displayed many signs of high intelligence. When his parents and teachers saw this, they sent him to the very prestigious Sherborne School at only thirteen years old. There, he studied math and science which sparked his interest for computers and coding. After finishing his studies at Sherborne, he enrolled at King’s College, or what is now known as the University of Cambridge. As he attended school there from 1931 to 1934, he developed a certain respect for physics and, more specifically, quantum-mechanics in which he proved the central limit theorem. His accomplishment was so massive that he graduated as a fellow at the school. Alan Turing, using his extensive

According to Everett's theory, in this timeline, the object is a particle, but there's another timeline where it's a wave. Even more baffling, this implies that quantum phenomena aren't the only things that split the universe into separate timelines. For everything that happens, every action you take or decide not to take, there are infinite other timelines—worlds, if we may—where something else took place. That's the many-worlds interpretation of quantum physics. It may not seem like it, but it's actually simpler than the Copenhagen interpretation—it doesn't strike an arbitrary line between the quantum world and everything else, because everything behaves in the same way. It also removes randomness from the picture, which helps the math work out nicely.

The computers were interactive and used voice control as well as keyboard. It was all state of the art, no one was aware that contemporary science had come this far in regards to quantum computing. Many of the major universities throughout the world had been working on quantum computing and it was believed it was in its infancy. NASA had been working secretly quantum computing for many years and kept their findings to themselves while building generation after generation of the computer to what the finally have now, it was an amazing piece of

Alan Turing is a rare figure amongst the many historical worthies of post-war Britain. He would, at first, seem an unlikely candidate to become a popular, globally recognised icon. He worked within a comparatively novel and arcane scientific field, the central concepts of which are still only fully understood by specialists. It was one which emerged from mostly from his own high-level theoretical reasoning and debating the earlier work of (the similarly obscure) Kurt Gödel upon whether mathematical processes could truly solve any definable problem. 1

In this case, the Alain Aspect experiment was testing entanglement between co-generated and entangled particles. Their behavior was compared to results predicted by Quantum Mechanics and results predicted by Bell’s Inequality. The experiment

The advent of modern physics, however, suggests that although such model explains everyday observations, it fails to account for the behaviors of particles in a subatomic level. One of the most famous is the Observer’s Effect, according to which one can never determine a photon’s path and detect its existence at the same time, because while detecting its existence one has to collide it with another particle and thus making it go to a certain direction. Therefore, when not detected, a light beam behaves like a wave that goes to numerous possible paths simultaneously – the light is at the same time going through path A and non-path A.

XNOR, where NAND and NOR are universal gates since they can be combined to form any

One of the basic postulates of quantum mechanics is the Born’s rule of probabilities. It states that probability of a particle to lie within a certain volume element, at a particular time and position, is equal to the square of the wavefunction representing the quantum mechanical state multiplied by the volume element. This rule is foundational to the theory of quantum mechanics. However, it hasn 't yet been tested experimentally to appropriate precision although bounds for its validity have been suggested for triple slit interference experiment. One reason for limiting the accuracy of these tests can be systematic errors. Another possible source of error can be the wrong application of superposition principle. In the present work we are

The extremal case in this sense arises when we are given a system of K2 normalized vectors {|ψi:i=1,…,K2} in CK for which|ψi|ψj|2=1K+1,1≤i≠j≤K2.(2)Such POVMs are called symmetric informationally complete POVMs, or simply, SIC-POVMs.SIC-POVMs constitute a basic ingredient in many applications of quantum information processing; see, for example, Refs. 6–13, etc., and references therein).For the existence of SIC-POVMs, we have the following facts: (I)Explicit analytical constructions of SIC-POVMs satisfying (2) have been given for small dimension K, •K = 2, 3, 4, 5, see Refs. 6 and 7;•K = 6, see Ref. 8;•K = 7, 19, see Ref. 9;•K = 8, 12, 28, see Refs. 10–12;•K = 9, 11, 13–15, 35, 48, see Ref. 12;•K = 16, see Ref. 13. (II)It has been conjectured that SIC-POVMs exist in all dimensions [see Ref. 6 (Sec. 3.4) or Ref. 7] and numerical evidence exists for dimensions up to 67 (see Ref. 12). The most recent development in this area can be found in Ref. 14.Note also that Appleby15 studied SIC-POVMs for operators with arbitrary rank.C.Our resultsGenerally speaking, it is hard to explicitly construct SIC-POVMs. In fact, there are no known infinite families of SIC-POVMs and it is not even clear whether there exist SIC-POVMs for infinitely many K. Based on this observation, Klappenecker et al.1 proposed to construct approximately symmetric informationally complete positive operator-valued measures (ASIC-POVM) for possible applications in

In the paper titled “The dynamical behaviors of complementary correlations under decoherence channels”, Du et.al have investigated the relationship between complementary correlations (CC) and the entanglement over noisy channels. In particular, for bipartite qubit systems, it has been shown that there exists an optimal threshold to which CC has to be compared in order to determine the dynamical behavior of entanglement. Furthermore, authors claim to derive a novel threshold on environment parameter as well which is based on the Pearson correlation between measured outcomes of complementary observables. This topic has already been investigated to some extent in Ref. [1], the main novelty of this work is the inclusion of the decoherence.

Von Neumann architecture is a type of computer architecture model that acts as a store-program digital computer which uses a processing unit and a separate storage system that holds instruction and data. The processing unit is a combination of the control unit which has program counter and an instruction register and processor registers with an Arithmetic logic Unit (ALU). The memory unit is a block of shared storage registers that stores both data and instructions (Petterson & Lennessy, 2014). The memory block has a data bus and an address bus for communication with the processor. A Von Neumann system is characterized by a common bus that does both instruction fetching and operations of data. This means handling of data and instructions has to be done in sequential order which is known as Von Neumann Bottleneck, since the bus cannot operate in a full duplex manner.

Mathematical operators such as products, sum, logical operations such as and, or, etc. .can be programmed along with the signal flow. Matrix multiplication becomes easy with the matrix gain block. Trigonometric functions such as sin or tan inverse (at an) are also available. Relational operators such as ‘equal to’, ‘greater than’ etc. can also be used in logic

In this step, the algorithm uses a look-up table (LUT) or a substitution table/s-box to perform a byte-by-byte transformation on the state array. The byte s[i, j] becomes s’[i, j] after the substitution is done using the substitution table. The inverse SubBytes uses the Inverse S-box to perform the transformation.

movement registers. The essential thought of the TMTO is to pre-process a huge set of states A,