The Theory Of The Scientific Method

In the reading it says that a hypothesis is “a tentative explanation that can be tested and is based on observation and/or scientific

Asking a question or stating the problem is very important to clearly avoid any misunderstand later in the scientific method process. It is the statement as to why you will be performing that experiment. Creating a hypothesis, is making an educated

We discover scientific knowledge in various natural science fields such as biology or chemistry. A common misconception about the natural sciences is that both the knowledge they reveal to us and the scientific method used in discovering this are purely analytical. This means that these sciences are rigid in facts and do not contain any subjectivity or creativity. However, the scientific method is not a rigid system of pursuing measurable facts. It contains fallacies and biases. In testing hypotheses, performing observations, or reasoning inductively, science is undoubtedly flawed and erroneous. Paradigms, commonly seen as infallible and containing rather insignificant errors, contribute to many of the errors involved in scientific

To support the theory of continental drift is through topography, surveying the floors of oceans, charts of rock magnetism, and statistics on rock ages (Trefil & Hazen, 2010). At one time scientist believed that the deep ocean floors were flat; accumulating the sediment that progressively wore away from the prehistoric landmasses (Trefil & Hazen, 2010). However, they discovered steep-walled valleys and elevated highlands. This was evidences that just as the continents are transformed and are active, so to is the seafloor (Trefil & Hazen, 2010). The Mid- Atlantic Ridge, positioned in the central part of the Atlantic Ocean, is recorded to be the longest mountain range on this planet. Volcanoes, lava flow, and earthquakes are a source of

Hypothesis is typically used in quantitative research only. Moreover, when a question poses an inquiry on the relationship between two variables, a hypothesis is a statement declarative in nature of the relationship between different variables (Pajares 2007). A researcher chooses whether to use a question or a hypothesis depending on the purpose of the research, its objectives, the methodology for the research and the preference of the audience to receive the research. A researcher must be able to interpret the final outcome with reference to the research questions or the hypothesis used (Pajares 2007). A research requires a minimum of two hypotheses namely a null and an alternative hypothesis.

The first step in testing hypotheses is to take the question at hand and turn it into a pair of theories that can be tested; the question is stated as a research hypothesis, and as a null hypothesis about the populations to be studied. The purpose behind this is to establish something to test the research hypothesis against, and essentially proving that the opposite of something is false is the same as proving that the thing is right. A prediction is made and then the polar opposite of the prediction is studied to ascertain its validity. If the null is proved wrong then the research hypothesis testing

The Scientific Method is the approach that scientists use to investigate some phenomena. It’s a standard technique to find cause and effect of a particular problem.

When it comes to the scientific method, especially in the science of psychology, there are many different ways a question can be asked in order to get the conclusion to a hypothesis. Psychology is by its nature something that not only produces many questions but also helps to find the answer to those questions. Through asking the right questions a person can see a whole new world of understanding unfold before them. This understanding of why a person or animal acts the way it does has been groundbreaking in the growth of understanding a individual on a much deeper level than the sociological standpoint. Before this understanding can be obtained however one must learn first how to ask a proper question and then in turn how to test that

The Scientific Method is the standardized procedure that scientists are supposed to follow when conducting experiments, in order to try to construct a reliable, consistent, and non-arbitrary representation of our surroundings. To follow the Scientific Method is to stick very tightly to a order of experimentation. First, the scientist must observe the phenomenon of interest. Next, the scientist must propose a hypothesis, or idea in which the experiments will be based around. Then, through repeated experimentation, the hypothesis can either be proven false or become a theory. If the hypothesis is proven to be false, the scientist must reformulate his or her ideas and come up with another hypothesis, and the experimentation begins again. This

The first thing you need to do with the scientific method is to identify your problem. The problem is the question you want to solve. Not all questions can be solved. Second is make a hypothesis, its an educated guess. You can’t just guess

An epitome of a hypothesis in this situation would be “If multimedia materials are utilized in presenting information to students, then test scores of students who use them would be higher on average than test scores of students who work mainly with textbooks.” The chief reason the instructor thought of this hypothesis is that she thinks the multimedia approach is better than the textbook approach for her students. In order to initiate an experiment, she has to have a hypothesis that would prove her prediction incorrect or fail to prove it incorrect. Therefore, the former is the null hypothesis and the latter is the alternative hypothesis. In other words, the null hypothesis claims that there is no considerable difference between the multimedia and the textbook approaches (Investopedia, 2007) and the alternative hypothesis claims that the multimedia approach is more effective when used to teach than the textbook approach. This is a directional, or one-tailed, hypothesis. After both the hypotheses are carefully constructed, the teacher may proceed to the following

Before Professor Unpopular conducts his experiment, he should form a hypothesis. A hypothesis is a testable prediction, often implied by a theory. For example, Professor Unpopular’s hypothesis could be that students who eat a healthy breakfast perform better on standardized tests rather than the students who do not eat a healthy

In our ten o’clock psychology class our professor gave us a midterm project which took for use to create a hypothesis either scientific study or a correlation study/experiment of our choice. When given this project we were told that we would be working in groups of two. I myself Holly and my friend Brittney decided to work together. Before getting started on our project we first asked our professor what a hypothesis was. A hypothesis is “a supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation.” Definition from https://www.google.com/?gws_rd=ssl#q=hypothesis . After getting an idea of what we were expected to do for the project me and my partner Brittney got right to it. We

Hypothesis helps in making decision by comparing benchmark values and present results with the variables applied. If Hypothesis is used to predict the future results this will be more about decision to conclude whether to implement/accept or reject. Again, Hypothesis also use all statistical modals of data, outliers removal, mean of sample, mean of population and proportions.

It comes in no surprise that only those theories which make accurate predictions as well as fitting the empirical data count as being adequate and deemed ‘good’ science. In relation to the confusion associated with the unobservable mechanisms, anti-realist offer the view that just because the concepts of observable and unobservable are vague, it does not automatically mean they are not useful or false (Okasha 2002). The dependence of observation in proposing theory makes it hard and sometimes even impossible to come up conclusively falsify theories all the time. Not to mention that observable and unobservable mechanisms are not that difference after all (Okasha 2002). Correspondingly, as long as they are able to clarify and explain phenomena, all we need to do is to choose the best available. Once we have a theory in hand, as a result, we should have certain ability to predict the future, which is one of the key motivations for performing scientific research. Model is one of the most popular methods adopted by researchers to predict the future. The models of animal flocking behaviour, San Fransisco Bay model, and climate model are just few of the models which are regularly used to represent and explain the world in a simplified and mathematical way (Smith 2008; Weisberg 2013). Due to its countless applicable properties, the use of models is not limited to science only. After all, there are numerous advantages including the reduction in costs, the ability to examine effect of