The Third Stage Of Psychosocial Development

Many children await the day when they can be considered grown up. For them it represents a time where they possess more rights and privileges. However, for middle children which are between the ages of 7 through12 this time may seem more like a nightmare because it marks the time when they undergo physical and mental changes. These physical and mental changes have a major impact on their development. The subject in this scenario is a little boy named Mark who is being bullied at school by a group of older boys to the point that he has received bruises from the encounters. As a result, Mark dislikes going to school for the fear of being embarrassed or hurt and the looming threat of recurring bodily harm if he asks for help from the teachers. This situation has become so serious that Mark is barely eating and has withdrawn himself from his peers in efforts to avoid the boys who are bulling him. After examining the above scenario, this paper will explain Mark’s different issues based on signs of biosocial, cognitive and psychosocial development and discuss what should be done to help Mark succeed in his current situation based on research.

Adolescence is popularly known to be a very tumultuous stage in a person’s life. In the adolescent stage (also coined the identity vs. role confusion stage by theorist Erik Erikson) bodies are changing rapidly, emotions are unfamiliar and unexplainable, and refraining from succumbing to peer pressure is more challenging than ever.

One of the most common and well-recognized theories of personality in the psychological field is the theory of psychosocial development by Erik Erikson. The theory includes various stages of development that mainly focus on the development of competence in an area in life. The theorist believed that people undergo conflicts that act as the turning point in development in each of the stages. The conflicts in each of the stages either stimulate the individual to personal growth or failure in developing quality. Erikson's stages of development can be used in providing effective therapeutic services to patients with histories of abuse and neglect. This is largely because these stages help in identification of symptoms related to the abuse or neglect and the establishment of methods to treat the symptoms by a therapist.

Erikson's fifth stage of development is identity vs. role confusion, which occurs during adolescence, from about 12-18 years old. It’s during this stage that children tend to gain self-esteem and a sense of identity. Also, dramatic physical changes and develop interests and abilities that can last a lifetime (McCoy, 2015). Some children, at this stage, tend to struggle with social interactions and to fit in with their peers. A sense of morality and right from wrong is realized, and a more mature line of thinking starts to take

Erik Erikson was born in Frankfurt, Germany in 1902. Because his mother was Jewish and his father was not, he was often bullied in school. He had blonde hair and blue eyes, so his Jewish peers mocked him for standing out and being different, and his peers at school teased him simply for being Jewish. His own internal conflict with his identity sparked his interest in identity formation and development. Although he never actually received a degree in medicine or psychology, he became friends with Anna Freud who helped him study psychoanalysis. Erikson supported and was influenced by many of Sigmund Freud’s ideas. Freud had a theory on development, he called it the 5 stages of psychosexual development, this is one of the theories that Erikson

Jean Piaget’s 4 stages of Cognitive Development and Erik Erikson’s 8 stages of Psychosocial Development

Evidence based approach at my work setting has shown that children who have attended nursery’s during their early years have developed more social skills as well as behavioural skills and cognitive skills as these have been developed through their early years at

John Bender feels unwanted and abandoned at home and in school. The treatment that he endures at home reflects on his behavior at school. He desires people to listen to him and hear his cry for help but due to his behavior he is often ignored and not taken seriously. In the movie he opened up to the group about the abuse in his household, but due to the delivery of the information the students did not believe his struggle until he showed them the scar on his arm. Even the associate principle ignored the body language he displayed in the closet while he was threating to fight him. Bender’s body language was a clear indicator of fear, but the principle did not notice it because of Bender’s prior disruptive behavior.

Teena Brandon was a Tran’s male born a female on December 12, 1972, in Nebraska. He was the youngest of two children. Brandon’s father tragically died in a car accident before he was born. Brandon Teena and his older sister Tammy lived with their grandmother in Nebraska, before they were taken back by their mother when Brandon was three years old, and Tammy was 6. As very young children, Teena and Tammy were sexually abused by their uncle for numerous years, and Teena wanted counseling for this in 1991. “Sexual identity development is conceptualized as the process by which a person comes to recognize his or her sexual attractions and incorporates this awareness into his or her self-identity (Mohr and

Erik Erikson is famous for his theory of psychosocial development, which emphasizes the sociocultural development and created eight stages that children undergo psychosocial conflicts. Children ages five to twelve go through the stage of industry vs. inferiority. The stage industry vs. inferiority is were children develop a sense of competence at useful skills and tasks during their middle childhood (Berk & Meyers, 2015). Children during this stage experience self doubt and their self-esteem tends to be low. Fifth graders should have a rite of passage that marks an important stage in their life, which is competency during middle childhood.

From birth and all the way until adulthood, all humans go through a long path of development. Physical growth occurs along this path, but along with it, the most important and fundamental component of every human being also happens, this is known as psychological development. In reality, there are different evolutionary stages of psychological development by which all individuals must go through and complete in order to become self-sufficient, each with its special characteristics.

The eight stages of psychosocial development have a significant impact on the individual 's gding to Erikson each stage is marked by conflict which if successfully addressed and overcome have a positive outcome. In order to be successful an individual has to resolve each crisis by achieving a healthy balance between the two opposing temperaments (Broderick & Blewitt, 2010; Papalia, Olds, & Feldman, 2006).

Preschool children’s development is particularly different within the period of early childhood because their play behavior develops dramatically. They may play independently but within close proximity. We learned the five types of play, Parten talks about in her article, which are Solitary Play, Onlooker Play, Parallel Play, Associative Play, and Cooperative Play.

Stage one is called trust versus mistrust and ranges in ages from 0 to 2. Erikson believed that this stage is centered around the following question; “ is the world safe and predictable or dangerous and chaotic?”.

Benjamin Franklin famously said: “An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.” Living things were blessed with a preprogrammed security system that aids in survival. Although in human beings this force is not so apparent until later months, safety precautions are a reflex that does not need to be learned. Although in younger years levels of dangers are hard to differentiate, with continuous maturity distinctions become possible. In reference, the stage of infancy in Eric Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development portrays how trust manifests; in addition, John Bowlby deciphers it in a step-by-step approach.