Biological Warfare Research Paper

“Bioterrorism remains a major threat for the United States despite more than $65 billion spent on protecting the country from myriad dangers, the Bipartisan WMD Terrorism Research Center said in its latest report Wednesday. The center's Bio-Response Report Card evaluated U.S. preparedness for countering threats from bioterrorism and found the country remains vulnerable to multiple threats and "largely unprepared for a large-scale bioterrorist attack."”(UPI.com, 2011). There have been over a dozen leading U.S. bio-defense experts that have taken part in figuring out where we are exactly as a county and what the effects of a terroristic attack

These biological agents could be viruses, toxins, bacteria, etc. Agents could be used in war or terrorist attacks. Also, they could be modified to cause extreme diseases and disorders, according to The Center for Disease Control and Prevention. It makes bioterrorism even more tempting to use as it is easy and inexpensive to produce, disseminate and can cause a more widespread panic than other acts of terrorism (1).

A governmental concern is that a bioterrorist attack will trigger panic amongst the population. Panic refers to a group response where intense fear causes people to be concerned with only their survival. While actual panic is rare, there are certain factors that could cause panic in the event of a bioterrorist attack, including limited medical resources where “first come, first serve” applies, a perception that there is poor

During World War I, life in the trenches was a horrible living experience for soldiers due to abundant reasons. Firstly, health conditions in the trenches were severe and treatments and/or recovery was rare. Trench fever, a disease transmitted through lice, was a highly contagious disease in World War I. Soldiers lived in a closed, small space, so these lices were able to transfer to many other men without much effort. About 97% of the people who lived in the trench were said to be affected with lice. So, it can be estimated that most of these soldiers got trench fever. Trench fever, like any other other fever has symptoms like headache, cough, weakness, and many others. Living with a trench fever in the conditions of the trench warfare seems

Welcome to week 4! This week we are discussing what consequences face the Nation if our chosen threat isn’t adequately addressed and whether we believe that it is being addressed adequately now. Of the six security challenges that are mentioned in the 2014 Quadrennial Homeland Security Review, I have chosen to discuss biological threats. Biological terrorism is a scary prospect that should be a growing concern for the country. The reason for this is the ease at which a bio attack can be put into action. Depending on the level of intricacy of the attack, the effects could be isolated to one area or become a pandemic that spreads across the United States. Bioterrorism comes in many forms but as a general explanation biological

In the war of 1763 between England and France for control of North America, smallpox was used to defeat the Native American population. British soldiers intentionally delivered blankets infected with smallpox scabs and pustules to the population they needed to defeat. The highly susceptible population was easily defeated as there were extensive numbers of Native American deaths. This use of smallpox gives reason as to why smallpox is considered the first germ warfare agent (Sherman, 2007).

The smallpox bioterrorism attack was made more successful when the FBI did not inform the local authorities and health agencies of the potential for an attack. This lack of information caused a delay in the medical community being able to respond quickly and effectively by isolating those exposed and assessing an immediate vaccination plan. People who were infected at the venue went about their lives and would later expose many others to smallpox. Since hospitals were not informed about a potential large-scale smallpox exposure they were not aware to be cautious for any symptoms associated with smallpox. This caused the first few smallpox patients to be misdiagnosed patients with things such as the flu and dengue fever instead. This time lapse

The fear of a Chemical or Biological attack has been a concern to many governments. These attacks, either by state agencies or individuals, have caused loss of life and the United States has not been spared in this forms of attacks.

Project Bioshield will protect the citizens of the United States of America safe from biological threats and warfare. Biological warfare is an act of war by using infectious toxins to wipe out or immobilize humans and animals. An example some these infectious toxins include viruses, diseases, fungi, and bacteria. “Project Bioshield is an attempt to create useful medicines to protect the people of the United States of America from biological and nuclear weapons.” (Progress in the War on Terror)

Smallpox is a highly infectious and fatal disease caused by the Variola virus. It causes extremely painful pustules to sprout across the entire body. Spread from human to human, it has since been eradicated from the world through the efforts of the World Health Organization. However, there is a distinct possibility that it may be reintroduced through bioterrorism. Biological weapons may cause another pandemic to erupt across the world and kill millions of individuals. Through constant vigilance and careful planning, mankind can prevent this scenario.

This is a contagious bacterial disease that is transmitted through the air(respiratory) or by person-to-person contact, and is often accompanied by fever and delirium, headache, weakness, and cough. If not treated early enough, the recipient may go into septic shock and die. Antibiotics are effective in the treatment of this type of disease.

America’s paranoia is misplaced. Since the onset of the Cold War, Americans have feared and prepared for a nuclear attack. However, less attention has been paid to relatively more feasible threats: biological and chemical weapons. It is without a doubt nuclear weapons, if ever used could inflict an unparalleled level of damage. However, the likelihood of a biological or chemical attack on US citizens is greater. The mutual deterrence of the United State’s second-strike capability makes a nuclear attack against Americans unlikely. Meanwhile Chemical and biological are widespread and accessible to sub national actors who are not deterred from attacking by American nuclear and conventional forces. Both chemical and biological weapons present are

there are somany what if's possibilities that could've happened while shipping it. Plane could've crashed and blew up with live anthrax being every where the plane crashed and whoever is the town the plane crashed in will be affected by it.

A native of Brooklyn, New York, Jeanne Harley Guillemin was born in 1943. As well as being an author and medical anthropologist, for 25 she was a Professor of Sociology at Boston College. There, she participated in extensive research on medical ethics and hospital technology. For her works she received fellowships to become a member of the U.S. Senate Finance Committee at the Hastings Center for The Study of Ethics. In addition, she was co-head of the National Library of Medicine’s Health Aware Project. This was a partner project with Harvard Medical School which tested how the uses of the internet could include proving education on preventive health measures to the public.

Anthrax (Bacillus anthracis) is an acute infectious disease caused by the spore-forming bacterium. The most common victims of anthrax are warm-blooded animals, but it can also infect humans. Anthrax spores can be produced in a powdery form for biological warfare. When inhaled by humans, these particles cause respiratory failure and death within a week. Because anthrax is considered to be a potential agent for use in biological warfare, the Department of Defense (DOD), in 1998, announced it would begin a systematic vaccination of all U.S. military personnel. (DOD, 1998) Anthrax infection occurs in three forms: cutaneous (skin), inhalation, and gastrointestinal. B. anthracis spores can survive in the soil for many years and handling animal