The three literary qualities, namely the test of time, its availability and impact on life as well as the ability to gain understanding of the era in which the book is written, will be identified in the three preselected works in order to determine whether these can be considered as literature. Firstly, the novel ‘Disgrace’ is evaluated according to the three literary qualities. The novel ‘Disgrace’ by J.M. Coetzee is written in 1999. This means that the most important quality, the test of time, is not yet valid for ‘Disgrace’. The novel is written 16 years ago and does not comply to Dr Johnson’s thought that a book has passed the test of time when the book is still read after a hundred years.
Even though, the book is written recently, the book has made an impact on the social, cultural and academic factors in South Africa. The book deals with the issues of the post-apartheid era in South Africa which started, after the change of the government in 1994. These issues are often related to the social, cultural and academic factors which people have experienced after the apartheid era has ended. Moreover, the context in which the novel is written, as
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Based on the South African history, ‘Disgrace’ is classified as post-apartheid literature, according to Fai (2014:155). The main characteristic of post-apartheid literature is the focus on a specific theme, such as “…poverty, assault, rape, bloodshed, xenophobia, homosexuality and the AIDS epidemic amongst others.” Other themes which have been identified by Fai (2014:157) is violence and theft. Some of the characteristics of post-apartheid literature are evident in the novel, namely rape, assault, violence and theft. These themes are manifested in Lucy’s life as well as in David Lurie’s life when he visits Lucy at the farm. Each one of the themes will be discussed and how it is manifested in the
The focal point of this investigation assessment will be “How significant was Nelson Mandela’s role in the culmination of Apartheid system in South Africa during 20th century?” In order to evaluate Mandela’s significance, the investigation is based on his role in each stage of the consummation of this segregator system by which the white minority in the country wanted to preserve the power, so they established all kinds of laws that covered, in general, social aspects during the National Party performance in 1948. Thus, the letters from Mandela to Hendrik Verwoerd regarded as the mastermind behind socially engineering and implementing the racial policies of apartheid, and the Speech to the Foreign Policy Association are sources of a peculiar importance to this investigation, due to the evidence of struggle and resignation that Mandela feel as a leader. People forget how hard the struggle was to be for decades afterwards. The resistance and revolution had been closed down, leaders such as Mandela imprisoned, tortured, banned or
This essay will be discussing Apartheid and what methods were used to fight it, also whether they were successful or not. The word Apartheid is an Afrikaans word for apart or separateness. This was a law put in place by an Afrikaans Prime Minister called Dr. Daniel Malan, Dr. Malan put this law in place in 1948 to keep the Afrikaans race pure of any Black or Coloured blood, and there was always separation between blacks and whites but this law made it legal and legitimate. Apartheid was generally just a different approach to segregation. Blacks and Coloureds were not allowed to do certain things that they could do
This investigation will thoroughly evaluate the political, economic and social effects on the natives of South Africa after its union in 1910 . To what extent was the Union of South Africa on 31 May 1910 an effort to combat Black political awareness? The most valuable sources that are going to be used to explore this are Nelson Mandela’s illustrated Long Walk to Freedom , and the article “The Union of South Africa” created by the South African History Online (SAHO).
The Atlantic article by Kenichi Serino, entitled “How Apartheid Haunts a New Generation of South Africans”, discusses the lasting effect of the segregation system in South Africa, specifically focusing on young adults and the way in which they face limits due to lasting racial sentiments in areas such as education, as well as job opportunity. Serino succeeds in provoking an emotional response in the audience through the avenue of powerful and strategically placed quotes, incorporated with the grim reality of the situation. Additionally, the author of the piece sets out to familiarize the audience with the concept of apartheid through his informative style and also, inform the reader of the long term injustice suffered by Africans in the country long after the initial period of official discrimination.
apartheid – system of radical segregation practice in the Republic of South Africa until the 1990s, which involved political, legal, and economic discrimination against non-whites
The South Africa the world knows today was not always one of general unity and democracy but of division and supremacy throughout the races. John Carlin’s, “Playing the Enemy,” guides you through South Africa’s journey during the nineteen eighties and early nineties to non-racial democracy. Through firsthand experiences of many South Africans including the dismantler of apartheid and former president, Nelson Mandela, Carlin helps the reader understand what Mandela and many others had to endure to make equality a reality for black South Africans. Carlin’s focus on the destruction of apartheid is coupled with the 1995 Rugby World Cup held in South Africa, more specifically South Africa’s Springboks and how Mandela used them to unite the
The daily lives of all South Africans were severely altered with the initiation and administration of apartheid. Even the simple things like where a person could live, type of work, or places a person
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‘Disgrace’ is no exception to this. Racism and colour discrimination have been the remarkable and dominating forces . In many ways, this is a story about the powerful and powerless. Initially, David Lurie is in a role of power which turns to powerlessness after a sad turn of events. David, a professor who is reciting a poem by Byron to his class, states that the poem is about a fallen angel “condemned to solitude” (34). This poem in some ways foreshadows what is to become of David’s life. He is a failure at love who loses his job and reputation, moves in with his daughter (Lucy) in the country and is then beaten and trapped in the bathroom as his daughter is raped. Later his house is vandalized and he eventually takes a job killing and incinerating unwanted
Apartheid was a system which segregated and oppressed the non-whites. White people where superior than any other race. People were treated according to their racial group. This affected black communities, they lived under harsh conditions and in fear. Even though black South Africans were segregated by this system and lived in their own communities, on their own, as In Sindisiwe Magona’s Mother to Mother. Black South Africans still experienced lawless violence, forced removals, discrimination and government brutality in their communities.
South Africa’s political system is complicated and was mostly in heated debate on the issue of Apartheid. Apartheid was the legal racial segregation enforced by the National Party government of South Africa between 1948 and 1993 (Khumalo, 2014). The government of South Africa enforced laws that curtailed rights of black people, who were in the majority, in order to maintain minority rule by the white people (Khumalo, 2014). The
All these factors contributed to the formation of one of the most controversial practices in the history of the humankind - Apartheid. It is somewhat unbelievable that Apartheid was in its most powerful form in 1950’s and 1960’s after the whoel world witnessed a tragedy of World War II and knew what it means to deprive a certain group of people of their human rights (Hayter&Reinecke, 2001).
The novel Disgrace by J. M. Coetzee presents two rapes– the rape of Lucy by three unidentified men and David’s rape of Melanie, his college student. These rapes are both unresolved. Coetzee writes about these two rapes to demonstrate the ways in which men dominate and control women in the South African society.
Disgrace as a novel explores colonialism and its aftermath by approaching various issues and themes, and some major ones are of body politics and the differences in experiences of the ‘post-colonizer’ and ‘post-colonized’. In this paper I will be looking at prospective analogies; the female body being a territory for colonial and post-colonial conquest and also the protagonist Lurie himself being symbolic of the colonial enterprise whose power exists in residual.
In Disgrace, two instances of sexual assault occur, albeit the outcomes of these assaults could not contrast more. After the first, the novel’s protagonist, David Lurie, finds himself in the middle of a well-publicized scandal due to his unconventional relations with a student; after the second, Lurie is indirectly affected by the rape, as it is his daughter, Lucy, who is the victim of the despicable crime, and never receives justice. Lurie was not ashamed of his actions previous to his daughter’s rape, but after she is assaulted, he sees the situation in an entirely new light, as it is his own child being violated by men. However, he and Lucy have completely different beliefs on how the matter should be handled. Although he is familiar with