The Toulmin Model

Organisations are social entities that involve individuals and groups to obtain benefits and goals in different ways. The struggle for resources, personal conflicts and a variety of influence tactics used by these social entities assists in obtaining them.

Organizations are social entities that are driven by goals that are designed intentionally, and coordinated activity systems and they are linked to the external environment. It means that the organization should have a way of linking the internal and external environments. Organizations are made of people and the relationship between the people is essential. There is a deliberate move by organization management to come up with structures that ensure coordination of

          An organization, in its simplest form, is comprised of people brought together to achieve a common goal whether it be solving a problem, selling a product or providing a service. The existence of the organization is wholly dependent on the collective body of individuals involved and it is these individuals that are the driving force behind the success or failure of a company. The relationships that connect the people within the organization dictate how the culture is developed and perceived.

Qualifier: Stem cells are the body's master cells, responsible for the growth, maintenance and repair of our tissues and organs.

Furthermore, one should think of culture, structure and systems as a “whole system” (Goold & Campbell, 2002) instead of independent, individual elements. The conclusion must be that collectively, these three elements create the foundation of an organization.

A number of approaches are offered for organizational science to solve the problem regarding organizational gap between theory and practice. The rational model can be considered as a dominant model on organizational science among the others with the purpose of defining organization as instruments for attaining goals instead of dealing with problems .Furthermore, objectives are defined in favour of organization progress regardless of employees’ ideas in such a model. It is mainly assumed that involved individuals in the organisation’s activities agree reasonably with its major purposes. The main task of managers are

The Toulmin Model is important because it methodically demonstrates how practical reasoning works. It allows one to think logically when it comes to arguments.

4. Claims of value. Is it good or bad? Beneficial or harmful? Moral or immoral? Who says so? What do these people value? What value system will be used to judge?

Organisations form social collectives to achieve goals or objectives which cannot be met by individuals acting alone but only in alliance with others with a stated purpose (Pettinger 2000, Wilson 1990).

Organizational theory studies the various variables that influence the behavior of an individual(s) working within an organization, but also, “prescribes how work and workers ought to be organized and attempts to explain the actual consequences of organizational behavior (including individual actions) on work being performed and on the organization itself.” (Milakovich & Gordon, 2013, p.145). Of the many approaches to organizational analysis, Classical Organizational theory has been, even to this day, extremely influential by focusing on more formal concepts such as bureaucracy, rationalization and scientific management. Although, over the decades organizational management has taken on a more human relations approach to getting more productivity out of employees, it is contributors like Max Webber, Fredrick Taylor, and Luther Gulick that laid down the basic foundation organizational theories by recognizing the need for control and procedures.

By analyzing the article of Prodancius (2012) on how one sees his career path supporting the direction of an organization while motivating and leading employees to be a high performance team, it appears that the author chose seven scholars (authors) to present their thoughts on the importance of studying an organization. Therefore, getting a deep knowledge of what an organization should be, through its definition, its structure composed by effective communication, effective coordination, speed and responsiveness and empowerment of the employees, as well as its functions, its goals, and its environment of operation should help a leader forming and motivating a high performance team of employees to reach the fixed goals of a given organization.

An organization, put in simple terms is a group or assembly of people working alongside one another to achieve common goal or objective through a division of labor and or responsibilities. Business organizations in free market economies are formed to provide services or deliver goods to ultimate consumers for profit. Generally speaking, people form an organization because it provides a means of using individual strengths within a group to achieve more than can be accomplished by the aggregate efforts of group members working individually.

We will not be wrong, if we say that the OB is a whole science, because it incorporates four different disciplines: psychology, social psychology, sociology and anthropology. From the psychology point of the OB, in our enterprise we could observe problems like boredom, frustration and any other working conditions, which could lead to a decrease in the efficiency of work and people’s performance. From the social psychology aspect of the OB, in MGS.ldt we can focus on measuring and understanding of our employees’ attitudes and the impact that they have on one another. However, a good enterprise does not have separately working individuals, but well working and cohesive teams. Here comes the role of the sociology side of the OB. Thanks to it, we can notice if there are any conflicts, communicational misunderstandings or we could just examine the employees’ relations. And last but not least, the anthropology discipline comes. In this opened world, where people from different nationalities are working together, the anthropology stands as a door, which could open or close the acceptance on the workplace. From this particular aspect of the OB, in MGS we are learning about human beings: their activities and fundamental values, so as to eliminate the barrier between the different cultures and to create friendly and enjoyable working atmosphere. As I have already said, we want to be trusted and well-known enterprise. That is impossible, if we do not put

Organization composing reveals that speculations have been refined and changed with segment of time and none of the theory is absolutely unnecessary. As indicated, congruity depends on upon the setting in that it is associated. The kind of organization associated in limits including abnormal state of precision, assurance level, affectability, mind and concentrated capacity may be not the same as in clear organization orchestrated portfolios, as one that does not fit all heads (Dess, and Picken, 2000). It infers that conditions, settings, culture, working condition, new laws and bearings, information over-weight, various leveled complexities and psycho-socio upgrades astoundingly influence the organization thought along these lines, making

This discussion will first look at the organization as an organism. Then, discuss the implications of open systems and the importance of the environment. Finally, evaluate the strengths and limitations of the organismic metaphor.