Cross Cultural Management Theory and application in the Tourism and Hospitality Industry A case study of Ettington Park Hotel, Stratford Upon Avon, England Research Proposal Research Aim & Objectives Aim: To provide a clear understanding to the relevance of cross cultural management, its theories and application in the Tourism and Hospitality industry. Objectives: Applications of cross cultural management in the hotels should impact the productivity of the employees and create awareness of cultural diversities within the work place. To convert cross cultural awareness and the increase of employees’ productivity into achieving hotel business goals. Research LiteratureResources Cushner, K., Robertson, L., Kirca, S., &Cakmak, M. (2003). A cross-cultural material development project to train Turkish development personnel in the Southeastern Anatolia Regional Development Project (GAP).International Journal of Intercultural Relations. Chang, W. (2004).A Cross-Cultural Case Study of a Multinational Training Program in the United States and Taiwan.Adult Education Quarterly. Dolnicar.S,Grun.DandLe,H.(2008). Cross-cultural comparisons of tourist satisfaction: assessing analytical robustness, University of Wollongong, Australia. Jean-Claude Usunier, 1998. International and Cross-Cultural Management Research, SAGE Publications Ltd, London, UK. Johann.R.2008.Cross-Cultural Management. GRIN Verlag, Germany. Messner, W., &Schäfer, N. (2012) The ICCA Facilitator 's Manual.
Since each national market has its own set of values and beliefs, that one has to appreciate in order to pursue a future in said globalized-world, it is no wonder we observe a constant rise in the demand for intercultural and cross-cultural trainings.
You should develop information provided in P1. You need to consider why these links exist and why relationships are formed, explaining how they affect the organisations concerned. E.g.
In multinational workplaces understanding how important the significance of cultural differences is larger than we might think. Organizations that are diverse have to work together because their functionality impacts the productivity of the workplace. It is vital to have an understanding the different cultures to develop a strong organization. Certain principles will help you acknowledge that different cultures exist within the organization. As a manager, you have to analyze the reasons for the development of the differences and
Evaluation is based on expected outcome or goals. Effective goals should be measurable and specific (Blankstein, 2004). As we make our way along the doctoral journey, other than completing one course and moving on the next, one has to evaluate that there is recorded growth as a learner and as a scholar through his or her expected outcome evaluated through set goals. In attaining growth, there should be a monitored evidence to assess growth (Blankstein, 2004). In my opinion the first step towards the doctoral end goal is without expected challenges and rigor associated with taking a higher academic challenge. I will evaluate myself based on my mastery and understanding of my goal. I will also evaluate my growth throw feedback received from
It is crucial for today's business personnel to understand the impact of cross cultural differences on business, trade and internal company organization. The success or failure of a company, venture, merger or acquisition is essentially in the hands of people. If these people are not cross culturally aware then misunderstandings, offence and a breakdown in communication can occur.
A third way to build a positive and successful intercultural relationship is to become educated on common business practices and cultural norms of the country of the prospective business partner. “Business people should learn how the other side approaches business and what the principles of hospitality are” (MacEwan, 2015, p. 156).” This quote demonstrates the importance of education in regards to other cultures business norms, because without a prior education a person could be doing something that the other country or culture finds offensive without realizing it. It could be the smallest of issues that ruins the business relationship and makes it unsuccessful.
This paper is a report on cross-cultural management, with the issues related to cross-cultural management being discussed in the paper. Additionally, the report has produced the future way of cross-cultural management, including how it can be improved in offices relying much on this strategic approach.
Cross Cultural management explains the behaviour of people in organizations worldwide, helping managers and firms to understand how to act in business matters dealing with the different cultures. (Adler, 2008)
Many scholars agree that business interest groups are powerful political actors and influence the political process. Business interest groups often pay money to political campaigns in order to influence politicians into supporting the business interests of that company and not the interests of the regular citizens who are voting (Acherman,1975). The focus of this Literature Review is to discuss the research on the topic of voter efficacy and the corporate influence in politics.
In this era of Globalisation, cross cultural management is the biggest challenge that is faced by the organisations. Within the business context, cross culture refers to interaction between different cultures. Cross cultural management refers to managing the employees from different cultural background in one environment (Adler, 2008). Cross culture management is a significant issue within the organisations as the success of an organisation depends upon the smooth interaction of the employees. This paper is aimed at providing insight on the cross cultural management and the main issues and challenges relating to cross cultural management. For the purpose of this paper, two articles, “Cross-cultural Differences in Management”, by Amman & Jordan
Cultural differences and cross culture conflicts is the biggest challenge in terms of cross-cultural management that will arise in
Considerable time is wasted by employees who find themselves in new environments where they work out in determining the interworking of different cultures. Different employees also depict different abilities and degrees to which they will adapt to the new culture, and this plays a huge role in hindering performance levels of the individual employee and hence the level of performance for the overall organization (Handin & Steinwedel, 2006). The low-performance levels will also lead to wastage of the organizational resources leading to the overall decline in the competitive advantage that is enjoyed by any firm in the business world. Different norms and expectations are brought to the front by any culture under study
Globalization has impacted industries around the world, including the hospitality and tourism industry. Globalization has created increased opportunities for travel and the tourism industry is now challenged with keeping up with the rate of growth which includes a labor shortage. Most companies are hiring diversity and a range of work experience attend to better handle the guests from all over the work. In other word, the hotel industry is required to hire people from many different countries and cultures in order to meet its staffing needs. With a diverse hospitality workforce, management is faced with opportunities and challenges in understanding different cultures, lifestyles and expectations of employees.
The workplace has become one of the biggest multicultural settings. Almost half of the work force in the United States is made up of minorities. There are many advantages to having this percentage of people from different cultures throughout our workplace. One is the increase in creativeness. Not only in products that are being created but in the developing of an approach to solving problems. "Other cultures can offer insightful alternatives" (EthoConnect). Another way in which the workplace is affected by this is in productivity and attitudes. When people of all cultures pull together to reach a common goal there are less limited boundaries and there are more global understanding that are used to help reach the world's market place; creating a larger market for products. With this change in productivity in the workplace is more desirable and enjoyable for all employees. The market place has become more global based that workers having a diverse culture base is very important to break down barriers in language and knowledge of certain markets. This affects our lives by more companies hiring more international job seekers.
Marie is the new Learning Director at a large, multi-national pharmaceutical firm, based at its headquarters in the UK. The firm operates widely in Europe, the USA, South America and across southern Asia and China. One of her responsibilities is to manage a team of five Learning Managers who are responsible for the design and delivery of cross-cultural training programmes for the extensive numbers of staff who are expatriated from their home country to work abroad.