The Treatment Of Muscle Mass Essay

Changes due to the aging process also need to be addressed. Calcium reabsorption increases especially in women after the menopause, this decreases bone density. Lean tissue decreases as fat increases with age; there is also a decline in the percentage of body water meaning that body temperature is more difficult to control. Thirst decline and decreased renal function means that older people can become dehydrated (Copeman 1999). The function of the bowel reduces, meaning that the elderly are more susceptible to indigestion and constipation. The risk of constipation is also increased with Parkinson’s disease (Parkinson’s UK 2011). The final consideration is the deterioration of the sensory system. Taste, smell, vison, pain and touch all decline meaning that food may not be as appealing (Copeman 1999).

Conventional medicine would include exercise and a change in diet. All therapies are aimed at reducing weight.

Q has reached maximum body growth and biological aging or senescence has begun. Biological ageing is “genetically influenced declines in the functioning of organs and systems that are universal in all members of our species” (Berk, 2010, p. 432). Q exercises daily but he admits that he doesn’t eat a healthy diet all the time. “Regular moderate to

As the body slows down, the “body weight increased and health ratings declined gradually” (A. Zajacova and S. Burgard). As the body increases in age, typically exercise and the impulse to eat right decreases. Zajacova and Burard found that during middle adulthood, adults “[start] heavier and gaining more weight were both associated with a faster health decline” (A. Zajacova and S. Burgard). The metabolism of the body slows down which makes maintaining the body weight harder. Muscles mass deteriorates into fat making being active harder. The body does not burn fat as fast as before because muscles are not burning fat as much as they did during early adulthood. The immune system weakens in the body of a middle adult. Stress increases during middle adulthood due to stress from family, work, and/or finances. When stress is introduced to the body, the immune system weakens. Stress also causes artery blockage. When the immune system is weak, the body is more vulnerable to illness. Health slowly declines and the bones begin to weaken in middle

Suzman, R., Beard, J. R., Boerma, T., & Chatterji, S.Health in an ageing world—what do we know? The Lancet, 385(9967), 484-486. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61597-X

The greater longevity and improved health seen at older ages in many parts of the world represent one of the crowning achievements of the last century, but also present a significant

It is a known fact that all measures of physiological function decline in human aging. While genetics certainly play a role in the declining of physiological function with age, it can be argued that a fundamental part of aging can be reflected by chemical processes resulting in the appearance of harmful side products of the normal metabolism over time. When enzymes speed up reactions it is harder to slow them down. At the same time side reactions are constantly occurring and more and more unwanted side products are continuously being formed.

Frailty is a common clinical syndrome in older persons that carries an increased risk of poor health outcomes. Frailty has been described as “a physiologic state of increased vulnerability to stressors that decrease physiologic reservoirs, resulting from aging and decrease function of multiple physiologic organs (1). The overall prevalence of frailty in USA community dwelling aged 65 or older in the United States ranges 7-12%. The prevalence of frailty increased with age from 3.9% in the 65-74 age group to 25% in the 85+group, and was greater in women than men (8% vs. 5%) (2).

When you are eating to increase your muscle size, 1 g of protein per pound of bodyweight is advised. You can always increase or decrease protein in your diet depending on your requirements. Other than this I advise my clients to consume 15% of total calories from good quality protein. If you are a vegetarian opt for plant protein otherwise animal protein is considered best for bodybuilders.

. Skeletal muscle make up 50% of total body protein, a compelling loss of skeletal muscle mass deteriorates metabolism, immunocompetence and strength. (Muller et al.) Muscle mass is age dependent, after the age of 50 it is expected that

I have enjoyed reading your post, Laney. As you have stated, the musculoskeletal system goes through many changes due to aging. As we age, we lose muscle mass and bone density. Sarcopenia is one of the most common age related conditions that affect the musculoskeletal system. Sarcopenia refers to the decline in muscle mass that is related to aging. This condition can lead to weakness of the muscles and decreased tolerance to exercising. The lost muscle mass is usually replaced by fatty tissue. This leads to falls and unstable gait. Therefore, a teaching plan for the elderly should include information about the importance of physical activity. The teaching plan should also include information about adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D to

Smooth muscles are found in the skin, internal organs, reproductive system, major blood vessels, and excretory system. Skeletal muscles are composed of long fibers surrounded by a membranous sheath, the sarcolemma. Since the Skeletal muscles are under control by whom ever they belong to are called voluntary muscles. This muscle is attached to two or more bones which are then attached to the skeleton by tendons. For example, head and neck muscles; contraction of these muscles produces facial expressions and head movements. They are also responsible for speech and swallowing. Skeletal muscles are the main muscles which move your body. Muscles nearly always work in coordinated groups; contraction of one muscle is accompanied by relaxation of another, while other muscles stabilize nearby joints. Then the last of the muscle types is the Cardiac Muscle or the involuntary muscles. Cardiac muscles are not under conscious control they do not react by a persons decision or movement. and are connected to the nervous system which are stimulated by autonomic impulses. Cardiac muscles are found in your internal organs like the heart or the intestine. For example; they include muscles that propel food through the intestine and those that control sweating and blood pressure.

As individuals age changes occur physiologically that are part of normal aging. These changes occur in all organ systems and can impact an individual’s quality of life. The changes related to aging can be attributed to an individual’s genetic make up, lifestyle, physical activity, and dietary lifestyle. Being able to differentiate between normal changes in aging against disease process is important because it can help clinicians develop a plan of care (Boltz, Capezuti, Fulmer, & Zwicker, 2012). Creating an accurate plan of care for older adults will greatly impact their quality of life.

Frailty is characterized based on the five domains of Fried’s Frailty Index. The MFC, the authors, reported that they modified some components for the best suitable to their population. Kua and colleagues (2016) indicated that they adjusted the slowness component from SHARE frailty instrument because it was unsuitable for hip fracture patients to have their gait speed taken. For interpreting the MFC scores; the score of 0 were considered non-frail and scored 1–5 were considered as frail. The other study from Kistler and colleagues (2015) stated that they modified the exhaustion domains by using self-reported regarding effort and energy during walking time since the original of 15 –foot walk times was inappropriate to measure exhaustion for patients having hip surgery. The MFC scores; scores of 3 or higher were considered as frailty.

      Physiological changes and changes in nutritional requirements are not the only cause of elderly malnutrition.  Illness and physical limitations often affect nutritional status, as 19.7% of people over age 65 have at least one disability and 28.8% reported a limitation caused by a chronic condition (9).  For