The Trombone History

The second generations of Jazz musicians were some like Joe “King” Oliver, Kid Ory, and Jelly Roll Morton. These people formed a small band and started to reshape the way the original Jazz music was played. They have made it into a different style with more complications and twists and turns. And so it became known as “Hot Jazz”. King Oliver found a young artist by the name of Louis Armstrong. He soon grew to become the greatest Jazz musician anyone has known. He is still a big star in the world today. By the 20th Century, African-American musical styles became the dominant force.

The organ is an instrument that dates back to the third century B.C. The man credited for this invention is Ctesibius of Alexandria who invented an instrument called the hydraulis, which used wind maintained through water pressure to some pipes. Organs are most likely found in churches and are used during the services. Its divine pitch imitates that of a human voice and creates a beautiful sound that many find pleasing. There are three types of organs, non-piped, electronic, and mechanical organs. Non-piped organs are much like accordions and harmonicas. Electronic organs make electronically produced sounds through speakers. Then the mechanical organs are

Thesis: Although Jazz music was first introduced over 80 years ago, the genre still influences artists and the new music they make to this day.

Buddy’s playing married all of the contemporary popular styles of music, creating something never before heard, Jazz. “Jazz music emerged from the confluence of New Orleans’s diverse musical

Bebop Jazz is the subgenre of jazz that has its origins during the early to mid - 1940’s in the United States. Bebop Jazz is characterized by its instrumental expertise, complex chord progressions that change rapidly, a naturally fast tempo, a diverse amount of key changes, and improvisation based on a combination of harmonic structure, and the use of many scales and infrequent connections to the melody. Bebop Jazz is one of the many major foundations responsible for shaping and creating the modern jazz present today.

J.J. Johnson transformed the way his instrument, the trombone, was played. He was born on January 22, 1924, in Indianapolis, IN and died in February 4, 2001, Indianapolis, IN. J.J. Johnson, with his new execution and imagination, was the musician who brought bebop into the trombone. However, after battling cancer and a muscular-skeletal disorder, J.J. Johnson passed away, leaving behind a legacy of groundbreaking work that he had done accomplished with the trombone.

John M. Reilly supports this when he states "Building upon a restatement of Afro-American music, bebop became an

From its inception, Jazz has applied both innovative approaches in different degrees and boundless configuration. And has continually amplified, progress, and modify music through various distinctive episodes of growth. So, an all-encompassing denotation of jazz is likely vain. Additionally, jazz as a music whose prime attribute was “improvisation,” for example, revealed to be too regulated and chiefly false. Meanwhile composition, adaptation, and ensembles have also been imperative constituent of Jazz (for most of its backstory). Furthermore, “syncopation” and “swing,” often viewed as important and distinctive to jazz, are certainly lacking the genuineness of it, whether of the 1920s (or of later decades). However, the prolonged perception that swing could not transpire without syncopation was utterly refuted when trumpeter Louis Armstrong often produced vast swing while playing repeated, and unsyncopated quarter notes (Armstrong, L., Fitzgerald, E., & Middleton, V. (1988). Satchmo. Gong.)

Louis was born in New Orleans where he grew up and learned to play the trumpet. He also learned to sing. Because of his long improvised solos, he inspired jazz so that long solos became an important part of jazz pieces and performances. (Cayton, 462) Armstrong was the king of jazz trumpet players. The new style that he created gave a voice-like quality to his horn. (Hakim, 58) Although Jazz was very popular itself, a majority of the fans and listeners were younger people. Flappers were commonly known during this time. They danced to the jazz music with a whole new style.

In the middle of the 19th century, Congo Square became a center of musical expression. On these Sunday afternoons, a new form of music was born. Pioneered by those on the bottom of a society full of slavery and segregation, the origin of jazz was less a singular event than an evolving movement. None of those pioneers, however, could have anticipated the future of their developing art form. None could have foreseen that their informal rhythmic gatherings would eventually lead to nationally recognized big bands with more than 20 musicians and celebrity band leaders. The trajectory of jazz history is complex and rich, flowing from style to style and from region to region. Each step along the way from the early brass bands to the bebop bands

John Coltrane Jazz, taking its roots in African American folk music, has evolved, metamorphosed, and transposed itself over the last century to become a truly American art form. More than any other type of music, it places special emphasis on innovative individual interpretation. Instead of relying on a written score, the musician improvises. For each specific period or style through which jazz has gone through over the past seventy years, there is almost always a single person who can be credited with the evolution of that sound. From Thelonius Monk, and his bebop, to Miles Davis' cool jazz, from Dizzy Gillespie's big band to John Coltrane's free jazz; America's music has been developed, and refined countless times

One big difference is that swing is a very broad area with many different sub-styles; bebop, on the other hand, is very specific to tempo and style. Bebop is a much faster tempo than swing generally was and the eight notes can, at times, lose the swing feel. Bebop features more complex harmonies and more intricate melodies than swing did. In bebop, the element of surprise was highly valued as well as the idea of incorporating melodies from familiar songs into improvisation. Swing was generally used for dancing where Bebop would not really be able to be danced

band in New Orleans. The first jazz bands were usually made up of one or two

There are many famous Cool Jazz players that are highly known by many jazz fans. Some of the highly known people are Lennie Tristano, Dave Pell, and Gerry Mulligan. The other famous cool jazz players are Dave Brubeck and Shorty Rogers. But, the most important person is(as said earlier) Miles Davis.

“Walkin”, was a swaggering blues piece informed by the extended harmonies of bebop was a shift from cool jazz and announced the arrival of hard bop (Sales, 1992:171). Hard bop was the evolvement and development from bop during the 1950s and 1960s, often regarded as a reaction to the restraint and intellectualism of cool jazz (Kingman, 1990:389).