In the tutorial I have given explanation about the PIC16F877A Microcontroller
PIC16F877A
In this Tutorial we are going to study about the PIC16F877 microcontroller.
PIC SERIES Description:-
PIC Series Microcontroller are made by Microchip Technology.PIC Series Microcontroller are based on modified Harvard Architecture and also based on the High performance RISC architecture.PIC having very large series such as PIC10xx,PIC12xx,PIC16xx,PIC17xx,PIC18xx,PIC24xx and PIC32xx.PIC is stand for Programmable Intelligent Computer" or "Peripheral Interface Controller.
PIC16F877A Microcontroller Description:
In the PIC16F877A, the PIC is stand for Peripheral Interface Controller, 16 denotes the one of the series of PIC and F Denotes in system programmable Flash.
PIC16F877A is 8-bit low power CMOS microcontroller. The PIC16F877A is based on HIGH performance RISC architecture. High performance RISC architecture has ONLY 35 simple word instructions. PIC16F877A is based on modified Harvard Architecture. In modified Harvard Architecture, the separate memory and separate buses for data and instructions.PIC16F877A, executing powerful instructions in a single clock cycle ,it achieve 1MIPS speed per 4 MHz to allow the programmer to optimize power consumption versus processing speed.
PIC16F877A is 40 pin Microcontroller. In PIC16F877A, 33 pins are I/O pins (Input/output Pin).This 33 pins
The BIOS is at the start of the pc you can hit F10 on my pc it will bring BIOS up. In the BIOS menu if gives you options to give what order you would like hard drives of disk drives to boot up first when turning on your pc. It is also used to control the keyboard. This is a chip that is standard on all motherboards .
RAM: RAM stands for Random Access Memory. It is a bit like a person's short-term memory. RAM is volatile so data only exists only when the computer is turned on, and is used by the operating system and other applications.
BIOS (Basic Input Output System): BIOS set up the computer and boot the operating system it also handles the system setup process including driver loading.
The ARM Cortex-M4, running at 150-MHz speed is the primary application processor catering to the high-performance needs of IoT applications; the 100-MHz ARM Cortex-M0+ processor, supports low-power operations. The PSoC 6 MCU also employs dynamic voltage and frequency scaling techniques to lower the power bar further.
It is little and small chip additionally has more data for programming. it covers with fan cooling to secure the CPU and influence quick to speed.
NIC - A network interface controller (NIC, also known as a network interface card, network adapter, LAN adapter, and by similar terms) is a computer hardware component that connects a computer to a computer network
Nowadays, the major limitations on computation performance are memory access latencies and power consumption. Due to memory access latency, for instance, the recently achieved CPU clock frequency of 5.7 GHz must be constraint to the maximum access speed of off-chip
The processor is like the brain of the computer and that is why before we would buy a computer we would like to know what kind of processor and how much number of core and the speed of the processor is provided in the computer. For us we would go for Intel Core i7. Intel Core i7 is the 6th generation of the Intel Core. The Intel Core i7 is a new class of computing with a host of a new features to power the desktop. It expect lighting fast speeds and peak performance can through even the toughest of task and games. The build-in revolutionary Intel
CPU stands for Central Processing Unit and it’s the brain of the computer. CPU executes instructions that enable the operating system and application software to run on a system. Inside the CPU we can find three main components which are the ALU, Control Unit and memory unit. ALU stands for Arithmetic and Logic Unit and performs calculations like addition, multiplication, division and subtraction. It also compares results using “greater than”, “less than” or “equal to”. Control Unit controls the operation of the memory unit, processor and input/output units. Memory unit is where all data that the CPU may need to process is stored. The data is stored in the memory in binary form.
Controller, Two 10bit ADCs with 14 channels, USB 2.0 Full Speed Device Controller, Two UARTs, Two I2C serial interfaces, Two SPI serial interfaces Two
Dhrystone is especially designed to estimate integer performance of a processor based systems. A particular dhrystone score mentions number of times a fundamental function of a dhrystone source code is executed per second. Better this score is, the better is the performance of a processor. To calculate time taken by a dhrystone fundamental function, dhrystone uses standard “times(2)” function by default. However, “times(2)” provides time values in terms of processor clocks consumed. To have this value in seconds dhrystone also requires specification of clock rate used by a processor. Therefore, it is a convention to provide dhrystone score with a clock rate. However, there is no need of specifying clock rate, if the time calculations are performed using standard “time(NULL)” function. For emulators, time calculations are done using standard “time(NULL)” function. Hence, in this report no clock rates are specified with dhrystone scores associated with
The processor receives the instructions from the operating system takes the information from the software and hardware then gives instructions to the processor, in simple terms the processor in one cycle fetches an instruction then decodes the instruction and finally executes the instruction when this is done it returns to the original step of fetching a new instruction.
The Allen Bradley Logix5555 is a Processor Module of ControlLogix series of controllers with Part Number 1756-L55M13 (Series A). It has a 1.5 MB of user memory for data and logic and 20 kb for I/O. Multiple controller can be installed in one ControlLogix chassis or one controller can be installed in any slot of a ControlLogix chassis. It has a program scan time of 0.08 milliseconds and weighs 0.78 pounds. It has a backplane current of 1.2 A at 5V and 14 mA at 24V.
Project A: Server CPU 0.13 micron processing project. By shrinking the die size to 0.13 micron, AMD will be able to offer server CPU chips with lower power consumption and heat generation, meaning faster CPUs.
It creates bitmapped images. Bitmap Images is one of many types of file formats for images stored in a programmed form. It carries the extension .BMP. Computers use bits of 1 and 0 to store data. A bitmap is literally a map of bits that form a particular picture when rendered to a display like a computer monitor. Adobe Photoshop is a well known program used by digital photographers around the world. The great quantity of Photoshop tips and tutorials make this a very easy program to learn and to use. Photoshop can be used to take any existing image and give it a professional, polished looked. Borders can be added and pictures tweaked to look better than any digital camera could make possible. Almost anything I can think of doing to a picture is accomplished when using adobe Photoshop. Bitmaps are much larger than vector file size and can lose quality when enlarged or reduced.