During World War two the National Socialists went to great lengths to establish what they believed to be acceptable cultural values of the German-ultimitaly Aryan race. Any modern artist was judged at the hand of the Third Reich and if they did not obide German policy, they were classified as degenerate and were banned from the ever-expanding Aryan Race. The lengths to which the national socialists went to, to degrade these artists, was unimaginable. They labeled proclaimed artworks as degenerate and stuck them into an exhibition (Entarte Kunst) to display for the german people what was now considered un-German (Barron 2). Understanding the definition of Degenerate Art is critical, in order for us to determine why “Gino Severini’s (1883-1966) Armored Train in Action (1915) would have been considered for the Entarte Kunst Exhibition. In 1937, the Nazi party plotted the most violent attack ever recorded against modern art with the opening of the Entarte Kunst (Degenerate Art) Exhibition, where over 650 paintings, sculptures, prints, and books where brought together to clarify what types of modern art where unacceptable to the Nazi Empire and therefor degenerate (Barron 1). Degenerate, in biological terms means, someone or something that has changed so much from its original state of being that it can no longer be considered part of that same species (Barron 2). What this essentially meant for the harmless modern artist was, you where now under scrutiny by the government and
Aryan Brotherhood was found in 1964 in a Federal prison system, which is San Quentin State Prison in California, United States. This gang was known as the “Brand or AB”. The brotherhood is a white supremacist prison gang that is known for the violent criminal activities in and out of prison. During the 1960`s, a group of white convicts serving time at San Quentin, were fed up with the with white prisoners being victimized by one particular predominant gang known as “The Black Gorilla Family”. However, that’s when whites started Aryan Brotherhood for their own protection. Aryan Brotherhood based their gang off Nazism, so to get into the gang, you had to kill a black prisoner. Which brings us to their motto, “Blood In, Blood Out”. Blood in refers
The Rape of Europa is a documentary that highlights the effects that World War II had on the art of Europe. Through the turmoil of the war, there are some glimpses of the human race exhibiting greatness, such as the story of the American monuments men preserving art. The art of Europe during the war played a key role in many aspects of the war, including Hitler’s attempt to eliminate what he considered “degenerate art”. Art defines the cultures they come from, and their destruction is a deep personal wound to their culture and humanity in general.
There are many problems with gangs in prison. These gangs cause problems and threaten the well-being of others who don’t fit into their mindset or beliefs. This problem has been going on for a long time, and has cost the prison system a lot of money throughout the country.
The Nazis would systematically censor modern art and decide “what art is decent or indecent, uplifting or ‘degenerate’” (Goggin 84) in order to wipe out all threatening ideas and strengthen the Nazi ideal, and Dix’s works were considered the latter. As a form of artistic control, the Nazis publically criticized modern artists as well as banning their works from museums and public displays. The art that was considered to be degenerate were labelled so because they didn’t fit into the Nazis’ criteria of representing solely the good, the positive and the healthy in society. In his art in his war portfolio, Dix portrayed the exact opposite. He painted and drew only death, disease, disaster and decay (Goggin 84-89). Hitler and his party deemed Dix’s works as degenerate because they were considered to be antimilitary and threatening to the Germans, the Nazi regime, and all of Hitler’s plans and beliefs he tried to instil in the German people. As a result of his so-called crimes, many of his paintings were burned and he was forced to join the German army and fight alongside those whose malpractice he wished to expose
Modernism was in effect expelled from Germany and many of its champions emigrated overseas as Hitler described modern art as “Bolshevist art”” in his autobiography “Mein Kampf” and “criticized the Weimar Republic for its alleged cultural weaknesses”.(Architecture and Politics in Germany )
During the 1930s, under Hitler’s rule, the German people viewed the Jews as the second-class citizen and sub-humans. Hitler and his Nazi Party proclaimed a new racial order known as the Aryans, meaning that the German people were the “master race”. The image in which a man and a woman were surrounded by people and two Nazi soldiers, and the man wore a sign saying “I am a race refiler”. The law proposed by Hitler indicated that an Aryan could not married a non-Aryan. The man violated this law because he married a Jewish woman.The Jews were not equal to German; therefore, marrying an Aryan was forbidden. Limiting Jews’ marriage with Aryans demonstrated that they had lower status than the Aryans, and the Jews would only stain the purity of Aryans,
In the Holocaust not only were the Jews killed so were a group of people called the Gypsies. 1 million to 4 million Gypsies were killed in the worst ways with no remorse. But why would this happen to the Gypsies if they didn’t do anything? They didn’t consider the Gypsies Germans. The reason all this started was because of a theory that the Germans made. Nazi Aryan Racial Theory is known as a racial designation; Houston Stewart Chamberian was the first to use the term “Aryan” to mean the “white race” it was the Aryans who invaded the conquered ancient India from the north. The Aryan Race Theory was a way that Germans were segregated in many different ways. This started in the 1700s when scholars discovered Sanskrit was closely related to the European
The fascist art exhibition was a place where fear was concentrated. It was not a place where you could share ideas freely. It was a place where if you wanted to talk, your voice must be a whisper. It was a place where you were told lies, the only way you could find out the truth was being secretive.
There was some key dissimilarity that occurred concerning the two philosophies in art also. Nazis had no positive approach concerning Originality that they thought to be a symbol of Communism and ethnic collapse. As an alternative they much moderately endorse art imitating the Nazi principle. However Fascists didn’t have any problem with originality (Shubert, & Goldstein, 2012).
German Pride In the reading’s “Mein Kempe” and “Speech Dedicating the House of German Art (1937)” by Adolf Hitler he talks about the German culture and how art should exemplify Germans as the superior race. It is within his talking about German culture that he embraces the traditional and nationalist views of art. This primarily occurs in his speech of the house of German art when he presents the idea that Germans are a superior race by ridiculing the Jewish people and the idea that having a house will show the culture of the true German people. It is from that, he goes on to state that he believes modern art is tearing apart the values of which the German have.
The Nazis vs. Expressionism video was very interesting video that showed the exhibition “Entartete Kunst” and other Nazis policies that attacked many expressionists and their work.
After being expelled from East Germany Baselitz went and studied in West Berlin. In 1958, then a 20-year-old art student newly arrived in West Berlin took part in a touring exhibition of contemporary American paintings that where put before the students at his university. “Until then I had lived first under the Nazis, and then in the GDR,” Baselitz described. He goes on to say, “Modern art just did not occur so I knew almost nothing. Not about German expressionism, Dadaism, surrealism or even cubism. And suddenly here was abstract expressionism. Paintings by Pollock, De Kooning, Guston, Still and many others, in the very buildings where I took classes every day. It was overwhelming. And not just for me. Even the professors had not seen this
In 1942 the German political party began to deport Jews to concentration camps all around Europe. In this process the germans looted the houses and took anything of value including things like silverware, desks, and even chandeliers. One thing of all else was worth quite a bit of money and still is probably worth more now is art. Art back then was rare and worth an extreme amount of money because of the fact they didn’t know how to replicate them very efficiently or effectively. That is why whenever they saw art in the houses of jews they took it immediately. Although the Nazis had committed genocide, they knew how to keep and preserve art and valuables. All 650,000 pieces of art stolen.
Art is known to flaunt its own beauty by being artistic and expressive in its own unique measure. Diana Mack’s “It isn’t pretty…But is it Art?” depicts the ambience surrounding art while questioning the discrepancies among what is considered to be a good piece of art or not. Mack proposes the controversial public incidents in which it occurred, that prevented these art works to receive the legitimate amount of consideration and acknowledgement it deserved to receive. Meanwhile, Steve Grody’s “Graffiti: The Anatomy of a Piece” informs us on how arrogance and stereotypical views towards art and graffiti can conceal the true elegance and significance it tends to withhold. In support, he introduces us to the three continuums amplifying his perspective
“The Restitution of Nazi-Looted Art and Other Cultural Property: Have We Gone Too Far or Not Far Enough?” written by Lawrence M. Kaye, is an academic journal found on Academic Search Premier: EBSCO. This journal was published by New German Critique on February 2017. The keywords led to finding this journal was “Nazi art”.