The United States Army's Shift

Since its birth on 14 June 1775-over a year before the Declaration of Independence-the United States Army has played a vital role in the growth and development of the American nation. It won the new Republic's independence in an arduous eight-year struggle against Great Britain, at times providing the lone symbol of nationhood around which patriots could rally. During the Civil War it preserved the Union through four years of biter conflict that turned brother against brother. It has repeatedly defended United States against external threats, from the "second war of independence" with Great Britain in 1812 through the crusades that finally rid the world of the specters of Nazi totalitarianism,

In early January 2002, American intelligence received evidence of a large volume of enemy forces assembling in the Shahi Kot Valley in Eastern Afghanistan. Central Command (CENTCOM), led by General Tommy R. Franks, was directing combat operations in Afghanistan through the Coalition Forces Land Component Command (CFLCC) and Coalition Forces Air Component Command (CFACC). As the interest in assaulting the Shahi Kot Valley amplified, General Franks reached a conclusion that a U.S. tactical commander was a need in Afghanistan. The decision was to assign the 10th Mountain Division Commander, Major General (MG) Franklin Hagenbeck, as the tactical commander. In an effort to strengthen MG Hagenbeck’s command authority, CENTCOM named his headquarters Combined Joint Task Force (CJTF) Mountain and gave it command and control authority over Operation Anaconda. By having command and control authority, MG Hagenbeck would encounter challenges with the command structure. The challenges of command structure were due to CJTF Mountain not having tactical control (TACON) of multiple Special Operation Forces, the Joint Special Operations Air Component (JSOAC), and friendly Afghanistan forces. These misunderstandings were resolved during the execution phase, but rectifying the command relationships prior would have avoided lost time and resources needed on enemy forces and positions. In this paper, I will identify the challenges of command structure during Operation Anaconda.

In her 1999 book Flawed By Design, Stanford academic Amy Zegart examines the three main American national security agencies: the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), the Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS), and the National Security Council (NSC). She covers the history of each of the agencies from creation to the 1990s. While going through each of their histories, she makes a point to break down their histories into their creations and evolutions. This breakdown allows Zegart to effectively and concisely support her conclusion that the agencies are flawed by design. Furthermore, her conclusions are relevant to the U.S. military today. Any competent military professional should learn lessons from Zegart as the lessons she offers have keen importance

Muslims have been serving in the United States military since the American Revolutionary War. They have also served in World War I, World War II, Vietnam War. Also, Muslims has fought in a recent war to Gulf War, Iraq War, and War in Afghanistan. During the Civil War over two hundred and ninety Muslim fought. The highest ranking Muslim during that war was Captain Moses, Osman. WWI and WWII there was 138,000 Sikh fighting as part of the U.S. forces in 2011. There was approximately 3500 American Muslims serving in the Army.

The United States Armed Forces is one of the largest, strongest, and most versatile military forces. Its elite capabilities derives from budgeting, alliance with other nations, and integration of a branches. This volunteer based force is a complex combination of men and women from all walks of life willing to lay forward their lives for this great nation foreign and domestic. Since the tragedy of September 11, the US military has been on high alert with their main focus on the War on Terrorism within Iraq and Afghanistan. Known for its ability to fight and win wars abroad, the US forces has lack the ability to conquer its own internal war on sexual assault and harassment. Named the invisible war, it is consider the most shameful and well-kept

The United states Military is made up of Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard branches, however the Army is the only branch that has ever issued a conscription or draft and has done so many times during its wars. The Draft was abolished in 1973 in favor of an all volunteer army, but men of draft age still to this day have to register to the Selective Service System so a draft can be readily applied if needed. The draft system recruits and places men into the military during a time of need for soldiers. During the Vietnam War and Cold War many people found the draft controversial and unfair, and chose to protest or completely disobey the draft system. Although the Vietnam War draft was thought by many Americans to be an

Understanding and defining the impact on the modern Army today by the 442nd Infantry Regiment during WWII, is evident by their unique formation that stood out amongst organizations during that period. While trying to compare the differences in social acceptance from a unit composed almost entirely of Soldiers of Japanese ancestry, you must first understand the period in which this unit left its legacy.

Joint operations and the six joint functions allow commanders to integrate military capabilities for the achievement of desired goals. Operation Husky presents an opportunity to assess the joint functions of command and control and the integration of the other joint functions at the operational level. Specifically, this paper evaluates command and control using the three attributes of mission command, and then, integration of some of the joint functions as defined in Joint Publication 1, Doctrine for the Armed Forces of the United States. Operation Husky provides multiple examples of the challenges associated with joint operations and the struggles leaders must deal with to succeed at the strategic and operational levels of war. Command and control establishes the base upon which the remaining joint functions are integrated to achieve unity of effort and mission success. The remaining joint functions provide the military capabilities for battlefield success. Commanders adept at integrating and synchronizing the joint functions in joint operations will achieve unity of effort and mission accomplishment.

Counterintelligence (CI) is a unique and challenging field in the United States government and within the United States Army. Thinking of what we see in the movies or what we read in spy books, we all want to think that a federal agent is portrayed as a James Bond or Jason Bourne. We imagine someone who jumps from rooftop to rooftop or out of helicopters to catch the bad guy. It may not be what we see in theaters, but we can paint a picture of who may be an individual within the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), or any other federal agency. These entities are tasked to protect the country with utmost importance to national security. What characterizes someone

Mobilizing for even regional conflicts can require several days for a modern army, and the U.S. Army is no exception. In fact, during World Wars I and II, as well as the Korean and Vietnam Wars, the U.S. Army was forced to rely on obsolete equipment left over from previous conflicts until the nation could organize the resources needed to support the Army in the field. Conversely, when these wars have been fought to their bloody conclusions, the Army is routinely demobilized and downsized and the enormous amounts of excess materiel and ordnance that have been harnessed must be disposed of in the most efficient method available. To determine how the U.S. Army has historically dealt with the transition from war to peace in the 20th century, this paper provides a review of the relevant literature followed by a summary of the research in the conclusion.

For Army counterintelligence to be adequately effective against its adversaries, US Army Intelligence and Security Command should release control of Army counterintelligence elements. Once released, all counterintelligence agents should be reconstituted into a new Counterintelligence Corps. Looking to the past and the Counterintelligence Corps during World War II and the Korean War, the Army could recreate the most functional form of Counterintelligence it has ever had. Currently agents are assigned to units randomly and often work in capacities other than counterintelligence. Placing all agents in one unified command would help focus the efforts of Army counterintelligence and better protect the Army.

The intelligence community has still not adapted to the non-traditional problem set. Threats evolve much faster than bureaucracies can ever hope to adapt. Doctrine is a mire and tradition clogs the wheels of the machine. Groundbreaking ideas are shouted down; intelligence operations are run “by the numbers.” On a personal note, as a senior intelligence NCO and acting intelligence officer with multiple tours in Special Operations, I have made a career out of breaking training exercises in garrison, with our troops meeting all commander’s requirements and desired end-states several days early, by re-tooling doctrine and reconfiguring intelligence products and procedures to meet idiosyncratic and “unsolvable” problem sets. In so doing,

So nice to hear from you early this morning. At first I thought you’re only praying with my motions. Anyway, I’m sorry I have not been able to hit you back as expected, but I do have a great excuse which is “I am extremely sorry”. Yes, I got your pictures you sent to me and I really like it. It nudges me to get to know you more and get closer to you. I suspect you know my name but I don’t really know your real name. Do you mind telling me you real name?

The CI strategy must start with prioritizing the unit’s issues of counterintelligence concern. The National CI Strategy 2016 serves are the overarching document for all U.S. CI effort. This document outlines five objectives that will influence the 1SFG CI strategy. Due to the sensitive and often classified nature of Special Operations, there will be several unique objectives that will need to be taken into consideration. In addition, this strategy will be a living document that needs updating as new threats evolve or new areas concern

The World’s security environment nowadays, enhanced with rapid globalization, is uncertain and complex, with rapid changes and emerging conflicts that bring national and transnational threats, presenting broad national security challenges, which will require employment of the US military as national instrument of power. The US military, as instrument of power, will be used in conflicts ranging from peace to war, varying in purpose, scale, risk, and combat intensity. The ability of the US military to advance its national military objectives is dependent on ways and effectiveness of employing its force. In order to efficiently and successfully fulfill its military objectives, military leaders should consider some lessons from the past, like maintaining capable force for decisive victory, use of conventional military forces during urban conflicts fighting VEOs, and strengthening NATO alliance due to the growing Russian threat, being the major ones.