The United States Pharmaceutical Market Based On A Health Insurance Model

The U.S. healthcare system is remarkably complex, and even healthcare workers struggle to understand it. The U.S. population gets health coverage by government programs, employers, and private insurance. Notably, because of the complexity and fragmentation of the health care system, there is a percentage of the population that remains uninsured. According to CNN Money, the uninsured rate in the U.S. dropped from 18.2% in 2010 to 10.3% in 2016, this drop was under Affordable Care Act(ACA) (). The goal of the ACA was not to give health coverage to all the uninsured population, rather it was to try to decrease the percentage of the population that remained uninsured(). There is a lot of inequality in the distribution of health among the U.S. population

Health care insurance in the U.S. is extremely competitive and not always fair. Recently in 2012, The Affordable Care Act passed by Barack Obama set new regulations regarding insurance. According to this Act, employers of 50+ employees must offer health insurance, public health insurance such as Medicare and Medicaid was made affordable for those that qualify, it is illegal for anyone to be denied insurance due to pre-existing conditions, and everyone must have health insurance or they will endure tax penalties. For Medicare and Medicaid, each state has different qualifications regarding eligibility. Private health insurance is not mandatory, but many of those that can afford it prefer it because it will cover more than any government insurance. Private health insurance also offers family plans along with single plans(varying from company to company), which will definitely attract middle to high income families. Health insurance is an absolute essential in the U.S. as it is up to the citizen to obtain one that works for them.

According to the report conducted by Smith and Madelia, ‘the percentage of American with health insurance for all or part of 2013 was 86.6 percent, and the majority of individuals, 64.2 percent, were covered by private health insurance’ (2014). The majority of people who receive health insurance through their

Health insurance in the United States is not a single nationwide system and is much more diverse in terms of production methods (Ridic, Gleason & Ridic, 2012). Health insurance is either purchased privately or provided to some public groups from the government, mainly Medicare and Medicaid (Ridic, Gleason & Ridic, 2012). Medicare is a nationally run program for aged and disabled individuals (Ridic, Gleason & Ridic, 2012). Medicaid provides coverage economically disadvantaged groups (Ridic, Gleason & Ridic, 2012). The Affordable Care Act of 2012, established a shared responsibility between the government, employers and individuals ensuring all Americans have access to affordable health insurance (The Commonwealth Fund, 2016). For private

In 2010, the United States took the first tangible step toward universal health care coverage, with the legalization of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010. According to the U.S. Census Bureau’s most recent report the total population of the United States is nearly 309 million people (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010). In 2009, it was estimated 49 % of the population was covered under an employer sponsored insurance plan (Kaiser Family Foundation, 2009). The same 2009 data reported an additional 29 % of the population was covered under some form of government or public program (Kaiser Family Foundation, 2009). Leaving 17 % of the U.S. population vulnerable without any form of health insurance coverage (Kaiser

Health care reform and access to insurance have been staples of the American political agenda ever since the end of World War II. From President Truman’s call for universal coverage in the late 1940’s to the creation of Medicaid and Medicare to the Affordable Care Act, both parties have debated how to lower the rate of uninsured Americans. After nearly 70 years of debate in Washington and beyond, the number of Americans with health insurance has certainly grown (Miller, 2014). However, the number of people in the United States without coverage is still unacceptably high and a problem that should be addressed with a great deal of urgency and care.

Healthcare in the United States is an interstate system that accounts for 15% of the U.S. GDP and $5,635 per capita. Nearly 45 million – or 1 in 5 – Americans are uninsured. With insurance premiums rising yearly, the number of uninsured Americans projects to continue to climb. While new technologies will increase the efficiency of healthcare, the costs of these new tests and treatments will likely outweigh the savings. As the cost of healthcare rises, many employers will be forced to eliminate health insurance benefits for their employees, further increasing the number of uninsured Americans.

The US system is at its heart an employment-based health insurance system in which employers play a key role as sponsors of their employees. There are over 1200 private insurance companies offering health insurance in the US, which are

The cost of healthcare in America is out of control. As the medical costs continue to rise, many Americans, especially those considered low income, have decided to just live uninsured. Low income families are considered individuals, who make less than $15,521 a year and families of 4 members, who make $31,721 or less in a year (2). As of 2013, 10.8 million were listened as low income households in America, which is a 18.6% rise from the previous survey (2). Basically, these families can not afford to pay for private medical insurance. As a matter of fact, there are 70 million people covered under the federal Medicare and

In the United States, the health market system is defective to the citizen. Even though the market is available to all citizens; There are at least half of a million Americans without health insurance plans. The costs of health in the United States have historically been unfavorable. This can be traced to the fact that the health sector is driven by a market-based system (Fernandez, 2010; Harris, 2011). This means that most of the health insurance companies are privately owned. The companies provide including basic medical expense plans and catastrophic hospital expense plans to accommodate the needs of consumers. It also offers supplemental products that provide protection against risks, including dental, vision, disability, critical

In 2010, the United States took the first tangible step toward universal health care coverage, with the legalization of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010. According to the U.S. Census Bureau’s most recent report the total population of the United States is nearly 309 million people (U.S. Census Bureau, 2010). In 2009, it was estimated 49 % of the population was covered under an employer sponsored insurance plan (Kaiser Family Foundation, 2009). The same 2009 data reported an additional 29 % of the population was covered under some form of government or public program (Kaiser Family Foundation, 2009). Leaving 17 % of the U.S. population vulnerable without any form of health insurance coverage

In todays’ healthcare most people with private insurance today get coverage through their employers. Public programs provide

Anyone who has purchased prescription medications has probably wondered why they cost so much, and rightfully so. Medication prices in the United States have been on a steady increase for decades, however, prices have been drastically increasing as of recent. Pharmaceutical companies have tried to justify these price increases due to the demand, the high cost of research, and the high costs of development and approval. Notwithstanding, the extent to which the prices have increased is not justifiable. Americans should be against these high medication prices and take action because pharmaceutical companies are taking advantage of our health care system in order to capitalize from the sick. In order shed some light on this issue, we must examine the magnitude, scope, and consequences of these rises in price.

For Americans, health care coverage depends primarily on whether health insurance is provided by their employer or through two major public programs, Medicaid for the poor and Medicare for the elderly.

Risk sharing occurs when both the parties finds the risk and agrees to share the loss that may occurs due to that risk. The co investors and joint ventures get into the risk sharing arrangements by defining their true contribution and limiting their commitments related to their future and financial commitments. The risk sharing arrangements or contracts are usually prevented into the “Outsourcing Transactions” where one has physical control over the process and the other party has been prevented from such control and therefore these kind of arrangements prefer to go on with the “Fee for Service” Model. (1)