The Upper Of The Body Is Defined As Beginning At The Cervical

Baseball is America's pastime. Everyone in this country knows a person who plays the game and the struggles they face throughout their entire baseball endeavors. Baseball is an overhead throwing sport that requires countless amount of repetition in order to perfect the art of throwing a baseball with different spins and velocities. Because baseball has become a non-season based sport in this modern era, it has risen health risks to the elbows of athletes that play continuously. The Ulnar Collateral Ligament, commonly coined as the Tommy John Ligament, is the

Measuring health status and treatment effects has become increasingly important for occupational therapists working with clients. To justify treatment methods utilized in therapy, it is crucial to collect outcome measures supported by evidence-based research (Berghmans, Lenssen, Can Rhijn, & De Bie, 2015). In working with Mr. Jones, who recently suffered a total hip replacement, I can assess his progress and health status by utilizing evidence-based assessment scales. As we progress through therapy together I want to assure Mr. Jones is regaining his independence and reaching his goals. Through the Patient-Specific Functional Scale (PSFS) and the Medical Outcome Study Short Form

occupational therapy is a form of therapy for those recuperating from physical or mental illness that encourages rehabilitation through the performance of activities required in daily life (insert citation). Matt patients are victims with injury to any part of the hand and forearm. Throughout the day, I observed Matt’s techniques for helping the hand regain full range of motion. He begins by placing his patient’s hand and arm in a fluid box filled with that contains sawdust for 15 minutes. The box will then begin to generate heat making the sawdust kick up in the box. When this happens, Matt, asks his patient to being moving his/her hand to help warm them up to lessen the stiffness After, the time is up Matt will begin doing a series of messages that target the ligaments, muscle, and bone that were affected by the injury. Then he will begin to make his patient go through series of strength tests to create a baseline to see how much they improve throughout the week of therapy.

As my mother continued to recover from her injured arm, the occupational therapist in the hospital was especially attentive to her needs. She was always there to help with anything my mother needed, and assisted her in regaining the full use of her arm. She used different modalities to increase my mother’s arm strength, range of motion, and reduced her pain. Her therapy has included gentle stretching excerices, massage, and excerices with weights. The Occupational Therapist also given her instructions to do certain exercises at home, which I was able to assist

The information in this literature review was collected from an expert interview and the search databases Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The expert for the expert interview was selected based on experience with designing prosthetics for individuals that had lost their hand and potentially part of their arm (Birdwell, 2016). The databases were searched using keywords “spinal cord injury”, “hand movement”, and “fine motor movement”. In PubMed the selection was also narrowed down by selecting only studies done on humans. New terminology was searched through science direct due to the built in function that allows for key words from the article to be selected for further information from multiple books or journals.

DOI: 12/23/2013. The patient is a 64-year-old male foreman who sustained injury when he was involved in a motor vehicular accident. Per OMNI, he has had multiple injuries to the right shoulder, right knee, back and right arm/elbow. He is status post arthroscopic surgery for the right shoulder on 05/30/2014.

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect that mental practice would have on learning a sequential task for the lower limb. This was a single case study regarding an individual with a hemiparesis from a stroke. The study took place in a research laboratory of a university-affiliated rehabilitation center. The participant was a 38-year-old man who had suffered a left hemorrhagic subcortical stroke four months prior to the experiment (Jackson, Doyon, Richards, & Malouin, 2004). The subject was required to practice a serial response time task with the lower limb in three distinct training phases over a period of five weeks: two weeks of physical practice, one week of combined physical and mental practice, and then two weeks of mental practice alone (Jackson et al., 2004). The main outcome measure included the Kinesthetic and Visual Imagery Questionnaire (KVIQ). The KVIQ includes a series of 10 gestures and is adapted for older patients and patients with motor deficits. In this assessment, the patients rate their ability to elicit mental images of the action on two 5-point scales (5 = high imagery; 1 = low imagery). One scale rates the clarity of the image, and the other rates the intensity at which they can feel themselves performing the movement. Utilizing physical practice alone, the patient’s average response time did improve during the first five days, but then failed to show further improvement during the remaining days of physical practice. The combination of mental and physical practice yielded additional improvement; whereas, the following two weeks of mental practice alone resulted in minimal improvement in performance (Jackson et al., 2004). The findings from this case-study showed that when mental and physical practices are combined,

Their bodies are growing and maturing, making them even more prone to physical injuries. As states by the Optimal Physical Therapy & Sports Performance Facility, the musculoskeletal and neurological systems are in the process of developing. Children and adolescents have open growth plates and their ligaments are stronger than the bony attachment sites where they serve as connectors. Growth at these plates can occur rapidly, and with each new body contour that results from rapid growth, the child/adolescent may experience their bones growing faster than their new body contours can keep up with, thus may have a period of crudeness. In agreement with an adolescent/child’s body being prone to physical injury, this age group can experience amenableness to musculoskeletal injuries at times of development because the physical activities that they may participate in, such as football, that stresses the young body

Like the first article above, the purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of mental practice use on upper-extremity impairment and functional outcomes on stroke patients, but also to see if mental practice plus physical practice would yield better results. This study took place in a licensed university-affiliated rehabilitation hospital. The design of this experiment was a case study, which consisted of only four total participants. Participants were chosen randomly; three men and one woman with moderate upper-limb hemiparesis post-stroke. Two subjects received mental practice and constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT), one subject received only mental practice, and one received only CIMT. The main outcomes measures were the Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT) and the Motor Activity Log (MAL). The WMFT is a validated test that measures time (15 tasks) or strength (2 tasks) in completing upper-extremity joint specific or multiple joint movements or functions. The MAL is an upper-extremity disability measure. It is a semi-structured interview during which participants are asked to rate how much and how well (6-point scale; range, 0 worst to 5 best) they use their more affected arm for 30 ADL items in the home environment over a specified period. The participant who received only mental practice showed slight

DOI: 9/26/2015. Patient is a 29-year-old male construction worker who sustained a work-related injury to his neck, back, left shoulder and right knee when he slipped and fell. He is status post left shoulder arthroscopy on 8/05/2016.

Osteoarthritis, also known as degenerative joint disease, is an endemic condition that affects 20 million people in the United States alone. Osteoarthritis is the most common type of arthritis and is defined as a gradual process of destruction and degeneration or wearing away of the joint cartilage which typically occurs in the older individual age 50 and over (http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/330487-overview#a0101). . Although this diease is well known for its association with the natural aging process, it is also prevalent in athletes. Specifically, osteoarthritis of the knee has been said to be the most commonly affected area as a majpr weight bearing joint and is a growing epidemic in relation to sports injuries in the young adult. http://www.webmd.com/osteoarthritis/guide/ostearthritis-of-the-knee-degenerative-arthritis-of-the-knee. According to, (Vincent), among upper and lower reported extremity sites, the most common region for osteoarthritis to manifest is p’in the medial compartment of the knee. The risk of knee osteoarthritis from knee joint injury is high; approximately 50% of individuals with an ACL or meniscus tear develop knee osteoarthritis [10-15]. A long-term prospective study indicated a relative risk for knee osteoarthritis of approximately 5 for any previous injury of the knee [13]. As cited in, _____, Thelin and colleagues determined that injury of the knee joint was associated with all knee OA in a

The most common injuries that many adolescents receive are contusions and strains (Adirim & Cheng, 2003). The ankle and the knee are the most commonly injured areas followed by less common injuries of the hand, wrist, elbow, shin, calve, clavicle, head, and neck (Adirim & Cheng, 2003). Sever’s disease is an injury to the heel whereas Little League elbow affects the elbow joint. Contact sports such as hockey and football report more contusion injuries due to the collisions that happen during the game (Adirim & Cheng, 2003). In contrast, non-contact sports such as running, soccer, and basketball report more muscle strain injuries. When an athlete is repetitively using their elbow, an injury called, Little League elbow may occur.

Hand injuries are often complex and difficult to treat due to the intricate bones, muscles, tendons, and joints in the hands, fingers, and wrists. Not treating your injuries can result in a lifetime worth of pain and stiffness, which could prevent you from living your life to the fullest.

PHYSICAL EXAM: Examination shows comparing the right hand to the left, including the hand and wrist region, that there are skin scratches, very superficial, from activity. There is no tenderness. There is no soft tissue swelling. There is normal alignment. No deep tenderness to palpation over the fractures. No crepitus. No instability. Active range of motion is about 85% of the contralateral left side.

The shoulder is the most complex joint in the body. It is capable of moving in more than 16,000 positions. Many of its ailments, including the most common ones, involve biomechanical mechanisms that are unique to the shoulder. The most common shoulder problem for which professional help is sought out for is shoulder impingement (Haig 1996). Shoulder impingement is primarily an overuse injury that involves a mechanical compression of the supraspinatus tendon, subacromial bursa, and the long head of the biceps tendon, all of which are located under the coracoacromial arch (Prentice 2001). Impingement has been described as a continuum during which repetitive compression eventually leads to irritation and inflammation that progresses to