The Use Of Indigos And Its Effects On The Environment

This experiment was used to measure the buildup of the colored product, benzoquinone, to observe the change in the absorbance of the mixture in a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 486 nm. It was hypothesized that over a longer period catechol oxidase activity and reaction in the mixture will continue, creating more benzoquinone resulting in an increase in the absorbance. The hypothesis was supported by the data as seen in figure 2 which shows the positive relationship between time and absorbance. As can be seen, with more time the catechol oxidase can catalyze the reaction and turn catechol (substrate) into benzoquinone (product). This in turn increased absorbance of the blue light at 486 nm by the solution containing benzoquinone which has a dark brown

After placing in darkness the colorless solution resulted by reformation of the radical intermediates to a new thermodynamic product via C-N bond at room temperature. UV-Vis was conducted on the solution before and after the irradiation with sunlight: UVtoluene 554.92nm, A=0.12 before irradiation and A=1.05 after. The peak at 554.92nm corresponds to yellow/green light and its complementary colour is red/violet. This validates the solutions violet color. The increased absorbance was accounted for an increase in the radical component. The radical was formed when exposed to light, which was visually apparent with the purple coloration and proved the thermodynamic dimer was also photochromic. When dimer 4 is exposed to light photons collide with the molecule and impart energy upon them. This energy is significant enough to break the bond between the two rings and results

After the serial dilutions of the red and blue dyes were taken, the molarity and absorbance for both dyes were calculated. Using the MiVi = MfVf equation, the concentrations for each value of the red and blue dye were separately calculated. Calculating absorbances calls for setting the correct wavelengths of light for each dye. In this case, the 470 nm wavelength for red dye and the 635 nm wavelength for blue dye was needed to find the maximum absorbances. The absorbance was found by blanking the colorimeter and entering the concentrations. After both values of the absorbances and concentrations were found, the values were then graphed in order to obtain the equation of the relationship between absorbance and concentration.

The goal of this experiment is to prepare a photosensitive solution and explore its properties. While analyzing the solution, one will learn how to successfully handle these sensitive chemicals and then establish its properties via spectrophotometry.

The “American Violet” sparks up a lot of issues that we see today in our society. These issues are very important as they deal with equality among our citizens but they may often be overlooked. The issue I am going to discuss in this critical analysis is Racial Prejudice in the Criminal Justice System. Racial prejudice happens every day and may never completely end, but one would think that it would not take place in a professional, uniform place such as the Criminal Justice System. After watching this movie, I have been taken back by the actions of the people in charge of this system. The 14th Amendment states that “ no state shall make or enforce any

The purpose of this experiment was to determine the pKa of the bromothymol blue (indicator) through absorption spectroscopy. Bromothymol blue being a monoprotic acid base indicator, displays different colors at different pH because of the differences in the ratio of the conjugated acid and base form. The fraction of conjugate acid and base was interpolated for the solutions through the acquired absorbance spectrum of the bromothymol blue at various pH. The rearranged form of Henderson Hasselbalch equation was graphed as a function of pH to determine the pKa of the indicator.

As previously mentioned, indigo is a dyestuff that is extracted from indigo plants. The Indigofera suffruticosa was

In this experiment, anthocyanin was extracted from organic mediums and explored to find which source of extraction contains the largest quantity of anthocyanin, and in turn generates the most power. Chromatography was used in this experiment to determine the amount and concentration of anthocyanin extracted from each source. Ethanol was used as the solvent in the chromatography, as well as the extraction catalyst. The purpose of this study was to determine which extraction medium for the photovoltaic pigment, anthocyanin, is the most effective at generating power in a Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC). Anthocyanin was chosen as the photovoltaic pigment because it has the appropriate chemical properties for organically dyed solar cells.

Water violet are for people who are aloof and stick to a small group of well-chosen friends. They like a quieter life and keep themselves to themselves, not interfering in people’s lives and giving a little away of their own lives suffering and dealing with life’s obstacles on their own. We prescribe this to help break down that barrier and allow for a comfortable, welcoming connection with others retaining their calm serenity.

This could be done through several experiments to determine the redox potentials for both dyes, which could then be used to do a comparison of how voltage affects these two dyes when using

The COR uses methylene blue for various wound debridement (most often used in burn patients). However with the surgical team cognizant of the recent methylene blue shortage, would you like me to return my stock to the CCD pharmacy or the Comer Pharmacy? in addition, I believe Dr. Gottlieb, Lawrence will have a better insight into an alternative dye.

Shortly after the Switzer brothers started the process, the common way of developing the fluorescent pigment was the bulk polycondensation method. (Color Technology for Plastics). This method uses the reactions of formaldehyde, melamine, and toluene sulfonamide. The method further developed in the 1970’s when scientists found a technique to suspend a droplet, which allowed a higher degree of polymerization. At first this method was very expensive and brought out a poor color, but as technology further developed, the price fell and is now accepted in today’s markets. The other component of these pigments is the dyestuffs that are used. To get a different color of the dye, color technologists can vary degrees of either rhodamine or coumarin. (Color Technology for

It is surprising that a chromophore with such a small conjugated p-network has such redshifted absorption. Normally much more extensive conjugation (e.g. phthalocyanines) or several powerful donor and acceptor groups (e.g. substituted azo-compounds or anthraquinones) are required to produce blue dyes. The explanation of the electronic absorption of indigo rests in the high planarity of the molecule, which is enforced by intramolecular hydrogen

For better results and increase the solubility, dispersion stability, levelling and fastness properties of the dyes additional dispersing agents added. These dispersing agents have a reducing effect on the dye during dyeing process and after dyeing they add to the COD and BOD of the effluent. To overcome these types of environmental concerns, DyStar introduced a range of ‘Green’ disperse dyes under its econfidence program which have ecofriendly chemicals. The issues caused by the use of dispersing agents is being settled with the invention of disperse dyes having temporarily solubilizing groups. Another way of eliminating the use of dispersing agents during dyeing process, is dyeing with microencapsulated

Environmental problems related with hazardous wastes and toxic water-pollutants have attracted much attention towards itself. Organic dyes are one of the major groups of pollutants in wastewaters released from textile and other industrial processes.