The Use Of Tobacco Products During Pregnancy

Quitting smoking before becoming pregnant is the ideal situation. For women that are already pregnant quitting early can still give your baby a chance of healthy development. Some mothers and adults may think it is ok to start smoking after the baby is born, but secondhand smoke is still harmful to the baby’s health. Intervention programs start with your primary care physician and the nursing staff. They screen for tobacco usage in the adult’s home where the baby with life or currently living. Will give brief advice on how to stop smoking, provide counseling referrals for behavioral interventions. Also, pharmaceutical intervention in non-pregnant adults living in the same household, to reduce the risk of second-hand smoke exposer. Community

The study also allowed the researcher to see the knowledge of women concerning risk factors to sudden infant death syndrome. The study targeted sixty-one women, ages twenty-four to forty-seven. Among these women were thirty-five nurses, and the rest of the twenty-six women were those who had no medical education or background. The average percentage of women who smoke was twenty-five percent, but including the nurses caused the percentage to go up to thirty percent. The prevalence of smoking during pregnancy turned out to be six percent. There was high environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure to infants that were identified among these women. The outcome of this case study was unsatisfactory, showing that the targeted women, including nurses, did not have knowledge of the risk factors of sudden infant death syndrome ("[Cigarette Smoke as a Risk Factor of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)--Assessment of Knowledge and Behavior of

Smoking well pregnant can expose your child to harmful chemicals. Some of the chemicals in smoke won’t allow oxygen to the blood stream, such as carbon monoxide. Nicotine causes less oxygen and nutrients reach the fetus.

The primary level of prevention has a great significance in order to educate and attempt to prevent women from smoking once they become pregnant. Providing pregnant women with the right tools in order to help them successfully cope with life stressors in place of smoking should be provided as well as cessation classes in order to effectively manage the risk of smoke inhalation on both the mother and unborn fetus.

Many would argue that childbirth is a beautiful and miraculous event, however the process of the pregnancy is a very fragile time in the mother's life. During this time most everyone would agree that the mother should attempt to do everything that is possible to take care of her body. There are some habits, however, that an extremely difficult to break, even during a pregnancy. The practice of smoking tobacco is one of those habits. Many doctors would argue that smoking is never healthy for the body especially during a pregnancy. For years institutions have sought to produce statistical data to uncover the effects of smoking during a pregnancy. Even with the changing times, statistical studies on this topic, continue to produce the same conclusions.

smoking during pregnancy affects fetal brain development and the development in all. Even though there has been an increase in the knowledge about the harmful effects of smoking during pregnancy there is still a significantly large number of pregnant woman that continue to smoke even after they know what can and will happen to their baby. Between 5% and 26% of woman in the United States continues to smoke during pregnancy. These woman are more likely to be single, young and have not had a previous pregnancy and have a low socioeconomic status

Smoking during pregnancy can increase the risk of miscarriage, premature birth and low birthweight infant.

This population-based retrospective cohort study showed association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and low birth weight. The maternal age (25 years and younger) and (35 years and older) was significantly associated with LBW in our study and also similar findings were showed by Zheng et al. We found that the quantity of cigarettes smoked per day had a dose-dependent effect, whereby the infants of mothers who reported smoking more than 15 cigarettes a day during their pregnancy had more LBW babies than those whose mothers smoked fewer than 15 cigarettes a day, in both crude and adjusted analysis. This finding was similar with findings in study by Langley et al. Smoking during pregnancy has a negative effect because the nicotine and carbon monoxide in the blood of a pregnant woman can decrease the blood flow to

Despite the fact that changes in medical care for pre-term babies, the United States is actually still having exceedingly bad result in infant deaths than any other developed countries. Smoking cigarettes throughout pregnancy are one of the absolute most imperative avoidable driving causes. Compared with other risk factors in the perinatal period, exposure to tobacco smoke is thought to be the riskiest one, and it can prompt to complications such as low birth weight, congenital disabilities, and sudden infant death syndrome, and all of which combine the causes of infant

Tobacco exposure is linked to the low birth rate, premature birth, and sudden infant death syndrome (Zhou et al., 2014) It is reported that twice as many mothers who are exposed to second hand smoke or smoke themselves give birth to underweight babies. The size of an infant’s head is decreased due to prenatal tobacco exposure.

The objective of this study is to assess the risk factors such as socio-economic factors, demographic factors, maternal characteristics, negative effects on babies, and bring awareness of how tobacco use can affect low birth weight, respiratory complications, preterm birth , the development, the control over their emotions/behaviors and learning abilities, and overall health of the pregnancy and child in question.

Negative effects such as preterm placental abruption, hypertension, premature delivery and miscarriage have been linked to the use of nicotine (p.68). It was found that the child’s cognitive and behavioral development were impaired by the use of these drugs during the time of growth. Even the child’s external behavior was effected causing problems such as ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) because of maternal smoking (p.69). Medical secondary findings for the study population showed that children of smoking mothers had a significantly lower birth weight and at high risk of respiratory disease. The data received from this study is similar to other groups which makes it easy to assume that it is

It has come to light more recently about the health hazards that are associated with inhaling second-hand smoke. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2017), secondhand smoke can cause numbers of diseases and conditions including stroke, lung cancer, coronary heart disease, sudden infant death syndrome, and low birth weight. The study conducted by Pogodina, Brunner Huber, Racine, and Platonova (2009), focuses on the connection between environmental tobacco exposure (ETS) and the risk of having a low birth weight (LBW) infants. After conducting the study the researchers came to the conclusion that infants were at greater risk of LBW when their mothers were exposed to ETS by one residential cigarette smoker, but even greater risk when exposed to ETS by two or more residential cigarette smokers. Women who almost smoked in the three months leading up to birth had a greater risk of having a LBW infant. The results of the study lend well to the 7 criteria created by Sir Austin Bradford Hill describing causality in epidemiology. Hill’s criteria include strength, consistency, specificity, temporality, biological gradient, plausibility, and coherence (Friis, 2012).

Babies born to mothers who smoked during pregnancy are vulnerable and more prone to suffer from various allergies such as ear infections, lung infections and asthma. Passive smoking is also very harmful for pregnant woman and they should try and keep themselves away from any kind of smoke. Also, one must remember that there is no ‘safe’ level of smoking. Be it a pack or just one cigarette, your baby is going to be affected adversely.

-Smoking, alcohol or drug use: Women who smoke tobacco cigarettes have higher rates of preterm delivery and intrauterine growth restriction (Hammoud et al., 2005). Hammoud’s study of pregnant smokers found the odds ratio for intrauterine growth restriction was 2.4 (95% CI, 2.34-2.53), and the odds ratio for preterm delivery was 1.2 (95% CI, 1.13-1.28). The more cigarettes the women smoked per day, the higher the reductions in birth weight; −111 g, −175 g, and −236 g when women smoked 1 to 5, 6 to 10, and >10 cigarettes