How Would It Be Used To Measure Crime And Deviance?

Crime measurement and statistics for police departments are very important when it comes to money allotment, staffing needs or termination and it is also used to determine the effectiveness of new laws and programs. There are three tools used to measure major crime in the United States: Uniform Crime Reports, National Crime Victimization Survey and the National Incident Based Reporting System- which is currently being tested to replace the Uniform Crime Reports. Although there different tools used to measure crime, crime rates can be deceiving. Each different tool reports a different type of rate, crime rates, arrest

Challenging determining the accuracy of the data since the information reported on known crimes is what is known by the police.

Measuring crime is based on three main measurements; criminal justice system data, crime experience surveys and other sources called administrative data (Hayes & Makkai, 2015). Firstly, crime first needs to be categorised into types of crime that is classified under the Australian and New Zealand Standard Offence Classification (Hayes & Makkai, 2015). Only the main and select few offences are reported by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) in collecting annual reported crimes (Hayes & Makkai, 2015). Through ABS, it collects crime data in different ways such as crime reports, victimisations surveys, administrative data (higher courts, magistrates and policing agendas etc.,) and self-reports (Hayes & Makkai, 2015). Crime reports measure crimes such as homicide, robbery, rape, assault and more but is collected through police jurisdictions (Reid, 2012). The strength of crime reports provides additional information such as arrests, charges, officers assaults and characteristics of homicide victims (Reid, 2012). This helps to measure crime more effectively through gaining descriptions and knowledge of identifying crime and criminal behaviour more accurately (Reid, 2012). Administrative data is often helpful in collating data of sentences and jail sentences but fails to collect the ‘dark figure’ of crime (Hayes & Makkai, 2015). National Crime Victimisation Surveys (NCVS)

The Uniform Crime Report and the National Crime Victimization survey are similar in creating data for crime and aim to be accurate as possible and they both are valuable in helping with crime statics. The UCR reports crime and the NCVS aim to look for unreported crimes. However, the purpose of the UCR (Uniform Crime Report) reports to law enforcement agencies accordingly to our textbook (Understanding violence and Victimization, Meadows, Robert-6th ed. P. 3). It helps to enable law enforcement to exchange information about different crimes on a nationwide system, but there is certain information that would not be available because crimes are only reported to

Crime is the when an individual or group commit an act against the law. Deviance is an act that is against the social norm and is labelled as deviant. Official statistics have proven that 80% of all crimes are committed by males. However the study of criminology have tended to be dominated by males, therefore the studies are done by men about men. The official statistics suggest that gender is perhaps the most significant single factor in whether an individual is convicted of crime.

While studying Criminology I have gained insight on different techniques used to determine which individuals commit the most crimes. There are three basic methods to measure criminal behavior. These include: Uniform Reporting of Crime, Self- Report and National Crime Victimization Survey. Uniform Reporting of Crime (URC) is a nationwide, cooperative statistical effort of more than 18,000 voluntarily individuals reporting data on crimes (“Federal Bureau of Investigation”1). Self-report surveys measure crime by distributing questionnaires to a sample of people, asking if they have committed any crimes during a period of time. National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) is a national source that samples about 90,000 households in order to uncover unreported crime and describes the relationship between the victims and the offender (“Bureau of Justice Statistics” 1).

Everyday in the United States major crimes are committed which cause risk and much destruction to the many neighborhoods and communities of America. For many years it has been a job for investigators to figure out why these crimes are being committed and where they are most likely to occur. The National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) and the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) are just two of the many methods used by the government in order to keep track of criminal activities and to collect data.

Between the UCR and the NCVS they both have their pros and cons. The strength of the NCVS is that they are willing to help guess the total amount of crimes that is happening each year. There is a need to understand why he did what he did. Understanding is the key. Understanding how and why most of these crimes goes unreported while learning why some victims or people do not report crime, what influences them to not telling. The disadvantages is that some victims be over reporting due to fear, victims forgetting information and more over

Volume is a fundamental marker of the recurrence of known criminal movement. In dissecting offense information, the client ought to know that a UCR volume pointer does not speak to the genuine number of wrongdoings conferred; rather, it speaks to the quantity of reported offenses (Uniform Crime Reporting Statistics, 2016). Rates are markers of reported wrongdoing action institutionalized by populace. They are more refined pointers for similar purposes than are volume figures. The three types of crime rates reported are offense rates, arrest rates, and clearance rates. An offense rate, or wrongdoing rate, characterized as the quantity of offenses per 100,000 populaces, is inferred by first isolating a locale 's populace by 100,000 and after that partitioning the quantity of offenses by the subsequent figure. Wrongdoing or capture rates/ arrest rates are gotten from law implementation organizations for which 12 months of complete offense or capture information have been submitted (Uniform Crime Reporting Statistics, 2016). Law implementation worker rates are communicated as the quantity of representatives per 1,000 occupants. Clearance rates varies adroitly from a wrongdoing or capture rate in that both the numerator and denominator constitute the same unit of number (Uniform Crime Reporting Statistics, 2016). A clearance rate is, subsequently, proportionate

Crime has always been a shadow upon societies image, these learned behaviors can be seen in all shapes and sizes, in the cities, in the streets and even in homes. The media has controlled the image of what is perceived as crime. But what truly stalks the streets at night, is it the sadistic men who care so little about human dignity they travel from coast to coast sexually assaulting women?

During this essay, I will be discussing recorded crime statistics and victimisation surveys as they are our primary techniques of measuring levels and trends of crime. After briefly explaining what is meant by these terms, I will seek to evaluate their strengths and weaknesses in order to question the extent to which they are reliable resources that provide us with accurate information.

In my essay I will first talk about crime and what it means, I will

Crime and deviance are two terms that have a strong connection. The main relationship between them is that they are both socially constructed and they are not natural. A deviant is someone that is charecterized as a violator of the norm in the society the

For better or worse, there is a link between crime and society. Society is strongly affected by crime due to the cost and the decline in the quality of life that citizens face as a result of criminal activity. Since there is a relationship associated with crime and the quality of life, then reducing crime is one of the top priorities of a police department. However, reducing crime is a major challenge for any police department around the world. Staffing shortages are one of the biggest challenges facing police departments while attempting to reduce crime. Many agencies across the United States are having trouble recruiting new police officers and keeping experienced, seasoned officers on the police force. Staffing shortages are due to low pay, a cut in benefits, and the national anti-police sentiment being broadcasted across many news organizations daily. The Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI) in 2015 publicly released that there was an average of 2.3 officers per 1,000 inhabitants within cities that had more than 10,000 residents (The Federal Bureau of Investigation 's 2015). An average of 2.3 officers per 1,000 residents is not enough to deter or prevent crime. In a preliminary report for 2015 crime stats, the FBI noted, there is an overall increase in violent crimes. Based on data provided by 12,879 law enforcement agencies throughout the United States, murders have increased 6.2 percent and aggravated assaults have increased 2.3 percent since

The aspect of criminal activity is viewed much differently from the Law enforcement standpoint. Law