The Value Of Waste Control

In Mass Customization Concept, the relationship with customer is one of the important point need to be consider. They should respond to customer demand and implementing it into work (planning, production, shipment) using system named CRM (Customer Relationship Management). Besides that, CAD (Computer Aided Design) also become one of the important techniques that applied by the company in order to transfer the needs of customer into the computer that will visualized them and sent them to manufacturing plant.

In the manufacturing company of Wrangler Jeans (manufacturing environment), the output is better described as goods. These goods have a tangible sense to them. These goods to a consumer can be felt, seen, touched and manipulated as desired. However, with the services environment consumers are more of an intangible product offered. Plainly put these explanations give us the distinct difference between these two environments with regards to how the consumer is able to see these products. As an example with these companies Wrangler Jeans manufacturers pants that are worn by a consumer, whereas Verizon provides services for consumers including television and cell service.

Tangible goods, or rather manufactured goods, have been the dominant medium of exchange for centuries. However, recent decades have proved that it is no longer the case as there has been a prevalence of being service oriented (Vargo and Lusch, 2004:1-2). Services, as defined by Vargo and Lusch (2004), are  “the application of specialized competences (knowledge and skills) through deeds, processes, and performances for the benefit of another entity or the entity itself (p.2).” Utilizing services gives businesses an edge, a competitive advantage, particularly in an evolving competitive market, something which Metalfrio is definitely part of (Vargo and Lusch, 2004:9).  Those businesses that learn to adapt tend to do well. In addition, Vargo and Lusch (2004) write this shift to services is also a shift from producer perspective to a customer perspective (p.2). Thus, it leads to more of a collaborative effort where co-creation leads to adding value to the service rather than a product having value (Vargo and Lusch, 2004:6). Also, customers rather develop relationships with those that can provide a range of related services over an extended period of time, thus allowing businesses retain their clients for the long term (Vargo and Lusch, 2004:13). Overall, service oriented marketing is a direction that businesses should be headed towards to ensure that they can remain relevant and competitive in the

While mass customization is a viable option in manufacturing with digital factories and employing lean manufacturing designs, service firms have to employ a more productive environment to make mass customization profitable. Mass customization refers to using mass production technologies to quickly and cost-effectively assemble goods that are uniquely designed to fit the demands of individual customers (Daft, 2016, p. 271). The key challenge for service mass customization is to translate information about consumer preferences gained through market research into a format that can be easily used for service modularization decisions and customer-contact personnel training (Haas & Kunz, n.d., p. 603). In the service arena, mass customization becomes an ongoing configuration process with direct involvement of the customer coupled with professional advice by service personnel who understand the configuration rules and know them by heart. A clear understanding of the customer’s needs is required, as well as a requirement by service personnel to provide the customer clear and concise configuration options that strike the perfect balance between flexibility and complexity. Also, a continuous interaction between frontline contact personnel and the customer is a consequence that must be

Lean is defines the manufacturing philosophy that reduces the time between the shipping and customer demand, which based on the systematic method by eliminating waste, that means giving the customer what they want when they want it, and don 't waste whatever. Rahmana, Sharif and Esa (2013) suggested lean production is mentioned to improve the company 's performance from the philosophy in reducing waste in order. That means, lean system destination is the decrease cost by removing the non-value activities, which they are applying a category of tools and techniques for checking and eliminating defective in the production process. In the Evenort Company should emulate the five overriding principles of lean thinking in terms of implementing lean that there is guarantee the company has been driving correctly in the lean manufacturing (Cardiff 2015) as can show in table 1.

The lean principles can be applied to service operations, as service operations are “organized systems of production processes” with the same potential for improvement through implementation of lean precepts as manufacturing operations (Benson, 1986 in Duclos et al., 1995). Manufacturing employ processes that add value to the inputs used in creating final products, which is in a way similar to services (Canel et al., 2000). Silvestro et al. (1993) classified service processes into three major headings of professional, service shop and mass. These three majors headings are further classified into six different dimensions of equipment/people focus as the main element of the service delivery is provided by equipment or people; customer contact time per transaction; the

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According to "Five Differences Between Service And Manufacturing Organizations" (n.d.), “There are five main differences between service and manufacturing organizations: the tangibility of their output; production on demand or for inventory; customer-specific production; labor-intensive or automated operations; and the need for a physical production location. However, in practice, service and manufacturing organizations share many characteristics. Many manufacturers offer their own service operations and both require skilled people to create a profitable business.” We will look at few of these now.

The study brings about many issues encountered by Diversified Manufacturing, Inc.: some explicit and others merely implied implicitly. Field Service Divisions are important parts of organizations operating in manufacturing industries. As technology becomes more and more involved in the production process and the after sales services, it is crucial for companies to develop their Field Service business processes. In the DMI Field Service Case, the company has troubles meeting the customer demands in a timely manner. The quality of the service remains as an important task to improve for the DMI Company and

On one hand, standardization represents a way of reducing the costs, increasing productivity, lowering the prices and systemizing innovations so that they can be reproduced (Sundbo, 1996; Gallouj, 1994; Sundbo 1998, cited in Sundbo, 2002). Customization on the other hand, increases the customer satisfaction ensuring the perceived quality, creates opportunities for rising the price. Furthermore it enables innovation to take place near the customer, which offers a great possibility to succeed on the market. The traditional economic theory highlights productivity gains as being the essence of any economic activity, implying economies of scale and cost reduction, while the theories of service development stress the importance of customer care in service activities, not reducing the costs (Normann, 1991; Gronroos 1990, cited Sundbo, 2002).

In the past, manufacturing firms have increasing invested in R&D, employee training, modernization of machines and quality control to increase their value proposition to customers. However, with the decrease in transportation costs and development of infrastructure in low-labour cost locations, manufacturing is facing a very stiff competition for sustenance in developed economies. This has induced a change from a transactional mind-set to a relationship mind-set in manufacturing firms which aim increase their value proposition to customers by providing services (Quinn et al. 1990). This business model transformation of adding services as a “pervasive part” of the manufactured product was termed as servitization by Vandermerwe and Rada (1988). In order to provide decision support to managers, researchers have been studying various aspects of this business model transformation phenomenon. In our literature review we studied articles that identify the precursors of servitization.

Municipal waste is disposed of in three different ways. As of 2004 it is estimated that 71 percent is land filled, 16 percent incinerated, and 13 percent recycled. Other wastes that have to be disposed of are nuclear and hazardous wastes. The environmental effects of different waste management solutions will be discussed as well as ideal ways, in my opinion, to dispose of different forms of solid wastes.

In this Assignment, we describe the management control process in service organizationsorganizations that produce and market intangible services. We first discuss the characteristics

In contrast the service marketer must make an “intangible” tangible. G. Lynn Shostack (1977) says ‘it is wrong to imply that services are just like products “except” for intangibility. By such logic apples are just like oranges, except for their “apple-ness”.’ One can concur from her view marketing should clearly be done differently for product and service. In addition, making variability consistent is most important for service companies. Non-standardization concerns the potential for high variability in the performance of services. The quality and essence of a service (a medical examination, car rental, and restaurant meal) can vary from producer to producer, from customer to customer and from day to day. This means marketing must be considered differently to account for these variability’s.

The major differences between goods and services in operations management are their goods, inventory, customers, labor and location. One major difference in the tangibility of their output. For example, a service firm would entail consultancy, training or maintenance, this is an intangible product. These services are not tangible object, but still provide a “product” for the customer. A good would be a tangible for the consumer. A company manufactures a certain product and the consumer is able to physically receive it. For example, A manufacturer such as Coke, Nestle, Honda and BMW. Another difference between a service and goods is their inventory. Service forms do not hold inventory, they provide a service when their customers ' need it. Manufacturers produce goods which creates an inventory. Inventory levels are created through supply and demand. A lot of companies only have a certain level of inventory in order to utilize their “space”. In addition a major difference between goods and services is their customer relationship. There is a high customer contact in the service industry. The service industry caters to their clients; meaning they adjust their service to the needs of the customer. For example, a consulting firm may only need to do four hours of work with a certain customer and twelve hours with another. In manufacturing goods there is low customer contact. Manufactures can produce their customers goods without having them submit an order, because they can