The Values And Values Of Mahathir Mohamad

An example of the IMF’s ability to promote strong, stable economies is the case of Jordan. In the 1980s the declining oil prices and the related recessions in the Middle Eastern oil exporting countries was disadvantageous to Jordan. In 1989 Jordan had a 30-35 percent unemployment rate and was having a hard time due to their external debt. This led the authorities to request the country’s first arrangement with the IMF. Economic reforms were a part of the agreement between Jordan and the IMF. Jordan agreed to a series of five year reforms financed by the IMF, therefore the government took on huge reforms prioritizing foreign investment and easier trade policies. They were ultimately able to reduce the overall debt payment up to a manageable level. Jordan is currently regarded as a country by which the effectiveness of the IMF assistance is assessed.

The early 1990s exhibited a boom in many economies throughout the world due to factors such as globalization and other trade liberalization practices, but this boom was quickly halted in the latter half of the decade when bad investments nearly sent the entire world into economic turmoil. With the introduction of free trade practices such as the North American Free Trade Agreement, or NAFTA, the economies of many of the worlds “developing countries” skyrocketed due to an influx of foreign investment. At, first this exponential boom in small countries with emerging economies seemed like it would never end. However, this all changed when investors “caught wind” that these developing countries did not have the means to keep up with the massive inflow of investments. This led to what we know refer to today as the Asian Financial Credit Crisis. In order to understand how to prevent such a disaster from happening again, we must first examine how exactly this event was triggered, and what should have been done differently.

The IMF’s bailout of Thailand was an agreement that would give the Thai government $16.7 billion in loans in exchange for the country adopting a tough program of economic and financial reforms. These reforms required the closing of 16 finance firms; these 16 firms would either have to merge with other banks, or submit their own rehabilitation plan. This agreement with the IMF

On the other hand, in Asia, currencies in most of the countries had become so overvalued. Therefore, they had to devalue followed by floating exchange rates. On the other hand, it is evident that the regions had experienced some level of economic growth before the crises. For Mexico, this was engaging in Free trade (as a member of NAFTA) as well as the discovery of oil reserves, both of which promised a great future for the country. On the other hand, Asia had gained a reputation as the growth center of the world, which showed that the country had been experiencing some level of growth. For Mexico and Asia, political issues (Mexico in 1994) also contributed to the crises. However, this was not particularly the case with the debt crisis of 1982. Political tensions within each country resulted in investment problems, which aggravated economic problems that they were already facing. With regards to recovery, both Asia and Mexico received bail-out packages that would help the countries towards recovery. Here, international help was needed given that the countries faced significant economic problems that would have worsened without

In 1997 the country’s exports were no longer booming and the Thai economy entered a unsafe and unpredictable phase. Foreign investors were skeptical about the current-account deficit and the big loans property developers. Bad debt continued to mount up and the stock market crashed to depths not seen in eight years. This caused the baht to fall prey to speculative attack. High debt, heavy borrowing, large current account deficit, and the semi-fixed exchange rate system all played a part to the Thai crisis.

The most recent financial crisis of 2007 was felt throughout the world, and brought about huge economic consequences that are still being felt to this day. Within the United States, the crisis undoubtedly resulted in a surge in poverty and unemployment, a significant drop in consumption, and the loss of trust in the capitalist economic system. Because of globalization, this crisis was felt through the intertwined global markets, affecting underdeveloped countries even more. Historical events from the past have taught us that financial crises such as the one we suffered during 2007 have occurred a vast number of times. From Mexico to Thailand, these financial crises have resulted in contagion worldwide, and have caused governments to

The IMF did provide relief but at the expense of the food subsidies which the Thai rely on to compete for food prices. If the economy of Thailand were left alone, given their own economic sovereignty rather than launching them in the vicious global market while being compared and linked to the titanic financial power of the dollar, their quaint agricultural and textile industry could have thrived and met the requirements to maintain their nation. The deeply rooted free market ideals of globalization forced the Thai baht to be overvalued. The wolf pack like instincts (bred by the greed and profit seeking nature of global capitalism) of the foreign investors let the baht to be over sold and the price of the currency to be driven down into obscurity. The global market capital perspective provides an insightful perspective as to why the Thai currency crash was so impactful to not just Bangkok, or Asia but the entire globe. The interconnectedness of the international economy provides a community for nations but due to the infinite connections that exist in this paradigm, the problems of one place can be caused by anybody and leave widespread consequences in every modicum of the

Dr Mahathir had outstanding intellectual capability and ability to learn cognitively. His understanding on economics, politics, education, Socio-economic systems helped him in switching role from a Political leader to an economic reformer and social scientist. He led the country towards modernization very fast and cause prosperity on all levels of Malaysian society due his unmatched vision and intellectual

The International Monetary Fund (IMF or The Fund) began its conception in July 1944. "The IMF's primary purpose is to ensure the stability of the international monetary system—the system of exchange rates and international payments that enables countries (and their citizens) to transact with each other" ("About the IMF"). Given that the nature of the IMF is to ensure the stability of the international monetary system one would assume that given the level of public exposure and level of participating countries that it would be immune to adversity. The purpose of this paper is to present one instance where the IMF failed in its initial and ongoing responsibilities causing greater financial duress for the recipient of assistance.

In 1981 that is when Dr. Mahathir became prime minister, government patronage and certain ethnic discrimination in employment and higher education have develop in mind a Malay middle class, including some billionaires. Meanwhile, the ethnic Chinese minority is still seen as having out of balance wealth. Yet, the prime minister again and again accused his fellow Malays (or Bumiputras) of contented and unwilling to work hard. Before he stepped down, Dr. Mahathir felt disappointed with his race because he has achieved too little in his predominant task of making his race (Malays) a successful race, meaning a race that is respected. He developed his ideas in a controversial book entitled The Malays Dilemma. He wrote that the Malays had been marginalised during the

In 1997, the Asian Financial Crisis spread rapidly all over the Asia and affected almost all the economies in the world. Prior to the Asian Financial Crisis, the Asian countries such as Thailand, Malaysia, South Korea, Indonesia, Hong Kong and Singapore experienced a remarkable growth in the economy that was considered the highest in the world. These Asian economies increased by a notable proportion of 6 to 10 percent annually in the GDP. However, what had been regarded as an Asian miracle seemed to crumple down rapidly 1997 when these Asian countries were faced with a severe financial crisis in their local stock and currency

In the period between 1997 to 1998, a great economic storm blew the some fast-developing countries, especially Thailand, Indonesia and Malaysia. They had great economic develop before the crisis, but left almost everything at the end of the storm. The most obvious impact by the crisis is the capital outflows and currency devaluation. So, people in those developing countries began to find who should be respond to the crisis. International speculators were good targets to be blamed due to their actives during the crisis. The President of Indonesia, Suharto, even claimed “There are [parties] trying to engineer the fall of the rupiah to the 20,000 level [against the dollar]. It does not make sense.

International banks have made risky loans all over the world because they knew that if trouble arose, the fund would step in to resolve the situation – as it has done in the past. The IMF has played a critical role in many of the epochal events in the 1990’s. The IMF lent 18 billion dollars to Mexico in 1994, after the peso collapsed. It gave Russia over 10 billion dollars in 1999. The IMF has helped drive inflation from 1,000 percent a year down to a tolerable 10 percent a year, thanks to Russia listening to what the IMF said and doing as they suggested. It has given Indonesia 10 billion dollars, and has helped Indonesia demonopolize industries. It gave 4 billion to Thailand, which was the epicenter of the East Asian Crisis. The IMF helped closed dozens of reckless banks. True, the IMF did many little things wrong, however, it did the important ones right. The Philippines is a prime example on how effectively the IMF can work. For years, Filipinos suffered the weaknesses of economic and business policies. Under the tutelage of the International Monetary Fund for nearly 30 years, and especially during the past decade, they faced up to their problems. Many sectors of their society suffered greatly, and some complained loudly. However, they persisted and, with the help of the IMF and the courage of the Philippine people, they exited from the IMF program. How did they do this? They assembled one of the best economic

In terms acceleration of economic growth is based on the measurement of GDP, MALAYSIA HAS recorded a growth of 5.1% last year. Although it is lower than 7.2% in 2010, but it was so roaring in the context of a difficult global economic environment and uncertainty. In contrast, global economic growth has dropped from 5.2% in 2010 to 3.8% in 2011 while the economy of the developed countries like USA, Germany, UK, France and Japan also recorded weak growth of respectively 1.5%, 2.7%, 1.1 %, 1.7% and -0.5% in the same year; far lower than Malaysia's achievements. Following a satisfactory GDP growth was assisted by the Federal government revenue increased by RM13.2 billion in 2011 through increased collection of IRB estimate of RM109.7 billion compared with RM96.5 billion the government has managed to reduce its fiscal deficit to 5.0% compared projection of 5.4%. This means that the GOVERNMENT has successfully steered the nation's economy as well as the control and management of public funds wisely in the past 3 years in a row when managed to bring down the fiscal deficit from 7.0% in 2009 to 5.6% (2010) and 5.0% in the past year in a expanding economy.

SATU KONSEP YANG TELAH DIBENTANGKAN OLEH YAB PERDANA MENTERI DI MESYUARAT MAJLIS PERDAGANGAN MALAYSIA PADA 28 FEBRUARI 1991. BELIAU MENEGASKAN BAHAWA MATLAMAT PEMBANGUNAN NEGARA IALAH MENJADIKAN MALAYSIA “.. SEBAGAI SEBUAH NEGARA INDUSTRI” DAN “... PEMBENTUKAN SEBUAH NEGARA MALAYSIA YANG BENAR-BENAR MAJU MENJELANG TAHUN 2020 ... MENURUT ACUAN KITA SENDIRI ...”. KEMAJUAN YANG DIMAKSUDKAN MELIPUTI ASPEK EKONOMI, POLITIK, SOSIAL, KEROHANIAN DAN SEKTOR KEBUDAYAAN.