“People are irrational” and no game further highlights this point, then the Ultimatum Game and/or the Prisoner’s Dilemma (Poundstone). Either represented by a 2x2 box or a Game Tree, one can determine what is the “rational” decision, and which decision is most likely to be made based on the circumstances surrounding the decision making process. There are a variety of factors that influence the outcomes of these games such as the circumstances of the persons playing, personality of the person playing (i.e. risk averse or accepting), and perhaps the environment in which one plays the game. Hence the fact that lab tests are not quite “real world” accurate. They can’t take into account every single factor that may influence a decision. Game Trees, as mentioned earlier, are very useful in determining what outcomes are most likely to occur, in other words, the most rational and logical decision. For example, Poundstone describes a dilemma between a thief trying to sell a priceless item and a questionable man with few scruples. The scenario is a perfect example of the “Prisoner’s Dilemma” and can be analyzed using a Game Tree. The most logical decision for both parties is to cheat, or select Traitor. Yet this decision undermines the “common good” of mutual cooperation which benefits both parties. Logic is what blocks the best outcome, simply due to the fact that rationality dictates a prime strategy of cheating and defection. The trend in such situations, similar to a business
The Jekyll Corporation a company that promotes itself as a fair and transparent company has reviewed my qualifications and based on those results would like to offer me a job. Jekyll’s human resource manager, Gabriel Utterson would like to know what salary I would expect before making a formal offer. The request is a fair one considering we would like to have a communal ball park agreement on salaries from the start. The question is, what number should I give Gabriel, the minimum I would accept or a more lucrative salary? I would do my research, reviewing the average market value for someone with my credentials working in similar jobs in the area. I would also talk with other Graduates, who came through the same program and is now working for Jekyll regarding their opinion on the average starting salaries to expect at the Corporation. I would analyze the data and prepare a minimum salary, which I would accept based on past history and the going market. There would be only one number for my salary, which should be fair for the
For over centuries, the only form of punishment and discouragement for humans is through the prison system. Because of this, these humans or inmates, are sentenced to spend a significant part of their life in a confined, small room. With that being said, the prison life can leave a remarkable toll on the inmates life in many different categories. The first and arguably most important comes in the form of mental health. Living in prison with have a great impact on the psychological part of your life. For example, The prison life is a very much different way of life than what us “normal” humans are accustomed to living in our society. Once that inmate takes their first step inside their new society, their whole mindset on how to live and communicate changes. The inmate’s psychological beliefs about what is right and wrong are in questioned as well as everything else they learned in the outside world. In a way, prison is a never ending mind game you are playing against yourself with no chance of wining. Other than the mental aspect of prison, family plays a very important role in an inmate’s sentence. Family can be the “make it or break it” deal for a lot of inmates. It is often said that “when a person gets sentenced to prison, the whole family serves the sentence.” Well, for many inmates that is the exact case. While that prisoner serves their time behind bars, their family is on the outside waiting in anticipation for their loved ones to be released. In a way, the families
Ethical dilemmas occur when there is a disagreement about a situation and all parties involved question how they should behave based on their individual ethical morals. (Newman & Pollnitz, 2005). The dilemma that I will be addressing in this essay involves Michael, recently employed male educator working in the nursery, and parents of a baby enrolled at the centre. The parents have raised concerns about male educators changing their child’s nappy as they have cultural practices that do not allow this practice to take place. This situation is classed as an ethical dilemma as there is a dispute between cultural beliefs and legal requirements within the workplace. There are four parties involved (parents, child, educator and director), all
When put into the position of complete authority over others people will show their true colors. I think that most people would like to think that they would be fair, ethical superiors. I know I would, but learning about the Stanford Prison Experiment has made me question what would really happen if I was there. Would I be the submissive prisoner, the sadistic guard, or would I stay true to myself? As Phillip Zimbardo gave the guards their whistles and billy clubs they drastically changed without even realizing it. In order to further understand the Stanford Prison experiment I learned how the experiment was conducted, thought about the ethical quality of this experiment, and why I think it panned out how it did.
The Prisoner’s Dilemma is an extremely popular game and way of thinking about social interactions and also economics. It judges how people work together and against each other. It helps us understand what governs the balance between cooperation and competition in business, in politics, and in social settings. The two players in the game can choose between two moves, either 'cooperate' or 'defect'. The idea is that each player gains when both cooperate, but if only one of them cooperates, the other one, who defects, will gain more. If both defect, both lose. The whole game situation and its different outcomes can be summarised with the example provided below, hypothetical situations are imagined with the example below
Nurses are faced with ethical dilemmas every day. There are a lot of different beliefs surrounding ethics and the code of ethics. Ethics and ethical issues have always existed, that is why they have put in place the code of ethics. The American Nursing Association (ANA) Code of Ethics isa guideline to help nurses determine which course of action to pursue. Every minute many ethical decisions are made, some may not comply with guidelines and others the patient’s will never understand. In this case study the nurse is put in an uncomfortable position and has two find a way to comply with the family, the patient, and the doctor’s orders.How can she report to the doctor the information the daughter has told her? How she approached
In prisons today, rehabilitation, deterrence, incapacitation, and retribution are all elements that provide a justice to society. Prisons effectively do their part in seeing that one if not more of these elements are met and successfully done. If it were not for these elements, than what would a prison be good for? It is highly debated upon whether or not these elements are done properly. It is a fact that these are and a fact that throughout the remainder of time these will be a successful part of prison life.
The Unredeemed Captive- A Family Story From Early America, John Demos, Vintage Books, April 1995, New York
Skip Hollandsworth candidly explores the subjects of juvenile crime and sentencing in the electronic long form newspaper article, “The Prisoner”. The purpose of the essay is to inform the reader about juvenile sentencing and to persuade the audience that there are clear problems with aspects of the U.S. prison system. The article is easily accessible to a large audience because it is online. Hollandsworth takes into account that his audience, mostly consisting of Texas Monthly readers, may already have pre-established notions about the topic, so he considers other sides while still supporting his argument. Edwin Debrow, a preteen member of the Crips, committed a murder when he was 12-years old and received a 27-year sentence through the
“Greed is so destructive. It destroys everything”(Eartha Kitt). Greed is a dangerous emotion. It causes people to act irrationally and ruin everything around them in the process. This is particularly true in Joseph Heller’s Catch-22. In the text, Milo forms a syndicate that deals with the black market. Milo then gives everyone involved a share in the syndicate, so that when the syndicate prospers, they prosper as well. However, due to Milo’s greed, he feels the need to constantly profit. His belief that he is helping everyone by profiting allows him to justify his actions, despite his actions inevitably ruining everyone’s lives. Milo’s misuse of resources and manipulation of people causes him to develop greed and believe his actions are
Prisoner B-3087 is about a boy named Jack Gruener. He lived in Krakow, Poland. Jack was ten when the nazis invaded his home town, and made his neighborhood into a ghetto. While he was was in the ghetto the nazis raided the apartments in the ghetto for valuables. Those who gave nothing were killed, or sent of to concentration camps. Jack and his family survived by live on the roof of their apartment in a pigeon coop. Jack saw his family deported and was alone in the pigeon coop for a while.
In the United States legal system, torture is currently defined as “an act committed by a person acting under the color of law specifically intended to inflict severe physical or mental pain or suffering (other than pain or suffering incidental to lawful sanctions) upon another person within his custody or physical control.” as defined by Office of the Law Revision Counsel, U.S. House of Representatives (US Code, 1) Though this is a seemingly black and white definition, the conditional “…other than pain or suffering incidental to lawful sanctions…” have led many to question what precisely this entails. In other words, what are the lawful sanctions that permit such acts? Are they ethically right? Where is the line drawn as torture
In class, we were taught the prisoner dilemma. This was explained using a scenario with two people getting arrested because of a crime that they committed. At first, I was very much confused on how the prisoner dilemma was first explained, but once I understood it, I started to understand why people have trust issues. In the example for the prisoner’s dilemma, the two-people got arrested for some minor crime. However, the cops think that the crime they committed is more serious, but they don’t have enough evidence to convict them. So, the cops put both of them in jail and put both of them in separate rooms to get a confession. In this situation, the police gave them a choice. The first choice was to admit that your partner admitted the crime
The ethical theory of utilitarianism and the perspective on relativism, of prison labor along with the relativism on criminal behavior of individuals incarcerated are two issues that need to be addressed. Does the utilitarianism of prisoner’s right laws actually protect them? Or are the unethical actions of the international and states right laws exploiting the prison labor? Unethical procedures that impact incarcerated individuals and correctional staff, the relativism of respect as people and not just prisoner’s; the safety of all inmates and correctional staff, are all issues worth continuous reflection.
Which both wants to destroy the other company, this is caused by the egoism between both and the longings to have the monopoly of the market. In this case instead of getting together to become one big company and help society and show that egoism in that sector in not considered and the company work looking to be an example for others companies, but in this society is not possible. The reason of this is because we are in a world that the pillar of business is the competition between each other and they don’t care about the egoism or the poverty that we are having in different parts of the