The Wars Of Memory And The Past

Throughout the eighteenth to early nineteenth century, Greece was fighting for its independence from the Ottoman Turks, who had ruled the Balkan Peninsula since the fifteenth century. The Greek’s rebellion against the Ottomans attracted Western Europe who sympathized with their cause, and only with the help of British, French, and Russian forces was Greece able to reclaim their formal independence in 1830. Through writers, government figures, and other individual positions where the points of views comparable over the views of independence, for instance most of the writers wrote poems and letters in favor of Greek independence, government figures included insights from both the Turk side and Greek side, and finally a compilation of different

In this paper, I intend to show that ancient Athenian democracy influenced western political thought, specifically, western democracies. By influencing such modern day democracies, ancient Greek culture remains a presence in contemporary life.

The most distinctive feature of Greek political culture lay in the extent of popular participation in political life that occurred within the city-states. This participation was based on the unique ideas of “citizenship,” of free people running the affairs of state, and of equality for all citizens before the law. Political participation in Greek city-states was much wider than in Persia, but it varied considerably between city-states and over time. Early in Greek history, only the wealthy and wellborn had the rights of full citizenship, but middle- and lower-class men gradually obtained these rights in some city-states.

In Greece, a democratic society was created. This society thought highly of citizen participation, and the unending search of the ultimate philosophical truths. Being responsible as a group was far more important than individual rights, or freedom. This created an open society that was free to open expression and questioning authority. (Acrobatic, 2014)

In the ancient societies of Greece, war means many things; power, glory, honor. The idea of fighting is not just a daily task for the Greeks but a necessity. In

One of the basic themes of the book is that the thought and the art of classical Athens is full of meaning for people of later generations. It is the full of meaning for nations, cultures and societies beset by broad-scale and profound social and political change and the accompanying confusion and fear produced in the minds and souls of human beings.

In this paper, I will be outlining the costs and benefits of social and technological fixes, and then I will be assessing the use of social and technological fixes of air pollution through the use of automobiles.

Undeniably, the ancient Greek society places a heavy emphasis on values and traditions. The two texts of the “Clouds” by Aristophanes and “History of the Peloponnesian war” by Thucydides, although contextually divergent, are actually conceptually convergent. Both texts are built around the central theme of the collapse of conventional values. While the breakdown of traditional values in the “History of the Peloponnesian war” is presented in a more metaphorical and symbolical manner, the downfall of conventional values in the “Clouds” is on a more direct basis. Although both texts essentially convey across the same solemn message that the relinquishment of

Memories of the past has influenced many of the early traditional historians in creating their ideas of early Texas History. Personal narratives passed on to historians became the foundation for many of the early writers in developing an early identity for the state. Unfortunately, many of the early histories supported and primarily Anglo culture and a Top-Down approach to history. Most of the early history was written relative to the Anglo viewpoint and biased opinions. Fortunately, many underrepresented cultures now have a voice and the capabilities to provide personal accounts and history as passed down within said culture. Now, new historians can use personal narratives and memories from within other cultures to validate or

By drawing from cultural traditions that were already popularly accepted, both Metaxas’ and Chavez’s historical narratives were successful at legitimizing their respective regimes. In Greece, the Megali Idea, which described the dream that Greece would encompass the entire former Byzantine Empire, had recently ended with the Graeco-Turkish War. Upon taking power, Metaxas revived a version of it that focused not on territorial, but rather ideological and cultural, expansion. “In focusing on the spiritual dimension of the nation,” Hamilakis writes, “Metaxas’ regime incorporated and expressed ideological and cultural attitudes that were widely circulating throughout the 1930s in Greece”. Rather than introduce unfamiliar ideas, he popularized

Many ancient regimes throughout the world teased with the idea of basic personal rights and elections , but not until the 6th century did this form of government become a legitimate way to exercise a country's control. The earliest traces of democracy can be seen in Ancient Greece, “the birthplace of democracy”, which can be attributed for democracy through their radical political ideas. Since then the idea of democracy has slowly grown, and in some countries decayed into another form of government. Without this evolution and radical thinking where would our country be today? Would we be living in a country that allows our leader to get away with murder? A communist government led by a corrupt leader or system? Democracy did

In a relatively resource-poor region, a society rose from the access of foreign sources of raw materials and markets abroad. This society came to be known as one of the largest nations in Eurasia. The rise and fall of this great nation has to do with war-fare and the conflict between city-states. Their division led to the widespread of language and culture. This is the great story of Ancient Greece and how individualism changed the view Greece had on certain issues. (Bulliet 99) From 1000 B.C.E to 30 B.C.E, Ancient Greece’s view on individualism changed the political system Greece had, over time changed the way individuals thought and made important Intellectual changes, and gradually changed the Economic system such as bartering.

The Greek War of Independence was a fight between, and for, communism and democracy. In the novel, Inside Hitler’s Greece, Mark Mazower talks about two individual groups that are associated with these parties. EAM/ELAS is affiliated with communism, and EDES/EKKA is identified with democracy. However, Mazower points out that these two groups did not always represent these political ideas. Not all participants in EAM/ELAS were communists, and in that same respect, not all members of EDES/EKKA believed in democracy. Representatives of each organization joined for different reasons. Also, not all members of either party, within the groups, shared the same ideologies. Mazower also paints a picture differently of these two resistance movements. Whereas EAM is portrayed as the liberator of Greece, EDES is seen as nothing more that an enemy of EAM.

“individuation,” of reflection on the connection between social order and social demands and the aims of individuals. It prompted reflection about the means of reconciling the conflict between private and public avenues. Participation in the politics of democratic Greece was an extenuation of the menial status of the people. This held true because the polis expressed not merely the material interests of those who ruled and were ruled, but also their freedom and their nobility. The realization of one’s purposes within the polis demanded that one be an active citizen. Man’s awareness and understanding of himself as an agent is shaped through interaction with the world. Membership of the political community was not merely essential for survival, but also greatly extended the range of ends of which it was possible to pursue. A self-governing community enabled men to act to secure the ends they desired, to express their autonomy, and by its very operation ensured that the

In order to compare these great philosophers, it is important that we first of all view their history from an individual perspective.