The Water Supply Industry Is The Hardest One

Regarding Industry: What is the current state of the industry? What is the potential future growth for that industry?

With the Pacific Ocean lining the California coast line some may ask why can’t sea water be filtered and used as a source of free water. This is actually an alternative that has been researched and even put into use in places such as the Netherlands, Aruba, the Middle East and even right here in the U.S. This process is called desalinating seawater. Saltwater in its pure form cannot be used for drinking water and is deadly to plants, however if it goes through the process of desalinating it can be used. With California desperate for water Carlsbad, California decided to construct a desalinating plant. An article on NBCNEWS website states that the plant can produce “50 million gallons of freshwater a day from the sea and pour it into a water system that serves 3.1 million people”

Today, desalination is a common process that's used in seaside cities and towns worldwide. There are more than 15,000 desalination plants around the world providing freshwater from salt and brackish water alike (Planet Green 2011). This number continues to grow as researchers work to improve the process, both in terms of cost effectiveness and energy efficiency (DSE 2011). But countries such as Australia, Israel and even the United States are continually adding desalination plants of various sorts into their water-management portfolios. The facilities are common in North Africa and the Mideast, where freshwater is scarce (Chandler 2008).

A desalination plant is a possible alternative to California’s need of consumable water. There is a course cons against desalination mainly affecting the marine environment for leaving highly concentrated saline water behind through the process but we should not fear it as it is a long term solution we cannot toss aside. Kerry Cavanaugh from Los Angeles Times mentions, “2,000 an acre foot, compared to about $1,000 an acre foot for imported water” (par. 3). This means that production of water through this process is cost efficient and seems rather illogical to spend more money into producing water; instead of importing it from another major source. The process cost is not a major step forward, but the idea of reaching out to import water is rather absurd. California is an arid state; we are the ones responsible for turning it into a paradise. In order to maintain it that way a method to lower the cost of desalination can be propose as solution. The thought

The advantages of desalination represents an opportunity to use oceanic water resources. If the appropriate conditions are present, a desalination plant could potentially be used to replace an existing or future dam. As existing sources of useable water run dry, desalination is a very effective, alternative source of water. On top of that the distillation process produces one of the highest quality water, with a range of 1 to 50 ppm tds, tds is also known as total dissolved solids. With the recommended California standard being 500 ppm, this quality of water is far beyond any other water quality seen before.

Desalination is one of the more popular options being considered to attempt to terminate the drought. Desalination is a process through which salt water is pumped from the ocean in to a treatment facility, and then the salt is extracted to make it possible to be used domestically. This is a long drawn out process, which involves seven different steps. The steps of desalination include the

Though conservation is all and good, but the option of desalination has a flashier appeal. Tap the Pacific Ocean. Pump water from the ocean, remove the salt and drink. State officials are evaluating 15 proposed desal plants, and the largest such facility in the Western Hemisphere will open in Carlsbad this year.

1. There are two main sources of fresh drinking water, ground water and surface water. Ground water originates from precipitations that usually fall in the form of snow or rain. While, the surface water is also originates from precipitate that reaches the land surface and is then recharged into rivers, wetlands and lakes. Although these systems are usually reliable, in desperate time of need, a more reliable source of water is needed. The desalination plant is extremely valuable and flexible because it does not depend on rainfall. Instead, the desalination plant is the only source that relies on seawater. Using seawater in the desalination plant helps meet the community’s water needs and secures the water needs in the future. While other sources of water, such as rainwater or water from dames are not reliable enough to strictly rely

Desalination has been a hot topic as a possible solution. What desalination does is takes sea water and convert it into fresh water. The major hurdle with this is the cost and people that protest against it. Companies will need to first get over the initial cost of building a desalination facility. Despite this companies such as Poseidon Water has a contract with San Diego to construct a desalinations plant in Carlsbad (Neill). Protesters have complained about the effects of desalination on the environment. Desalination requires large and powerful pumps to extract the water. These pumps potentially could destroy habitats and marine life that live near it. This is not the case for Carlsbad plant as it has already gone through extensive governmental

Southern Seawater Desalination Plant- The first stage of the plant was officially opened in September 2011, and again uses reverse osmosis.

Desalination is the removal of salt and impurities from groundwater or seawater to produce fresh drinking water. Desalination is a secure water source that doesn’t depend on rainfall and has become a significant water source that has been strengthened through its decrease in production costs and related technological improvements. The process of Desalination is another means of securing Western Australia’s future water supply. Western Australia has two main plants, Perth Seawater Desalination Plant and Southern Seawater Desalination Plant, both of these plants deliver water to the Integrated Water Supply Scheme which supplies water to over 2 million people in Perth, parts of the South West, parts of the Agricultural region and the Kalgoorlie-Boulder

Desalination is the process of removing dissolved salts from water which makes it more useful and it makes it so if you drink the water you will not dehydrate faster and die.The water after the desalination process is utilised for drinking water , crops like corn and wheat , showers , washers , municipal / potable use and for agricultural irrigation but is also used extensively in many other applications where high quality water is required .

According to Gude, Nirmalakhandan, and Deng (2010) there are three different categories such as phase, non-phase, and hybrid processes and among each one of those three groups is a list of the different processes. Gude et al. (2010) explain the phase process as bringing the feed water to a boiling point and collecting the condensation as useable water and this process is used for multi-stage flashing distillation, solar distillation, or thermal vapor compression to list a few. Non- phase process is when salts are removed either from seawater or brackish water through the use of membrane technology and the desalination processes that use this technique is reverse osmosis or electrodialysis (Gude et al., 2010). He refers to the hybrid process as being a combination of the first two phases that can be used when doing membrane distillation or when adding multi- stage flash distillation or multi-effect distillation to the process of reverse osmosis. Another process used in California is called integrated pumped hydro reverse osmosis (IPHRO) process (Slocum, Haji, Trimble, Ferrara, & Ghaemsaidi, 2016). Slocum et al. (2016) talked about how this is the process of taking ocean water to use for both power and reverse osmosis, using the saline water to run the plant, and once filtered the water will go back to the sea or go back

Desalination is the process of removing dissolved salts and minerals from seawater or brackish water. (WaterReuse, Association, “What is Desalination?”) A desalination plant essentially

Big scale desalination is a procedure through which sea water is pumped to a treatment office where the salt is extricated through a procedure of reverse osmosis to make the water fit for household use. San Diego County is at present developing the biggest desalination plant in the western side of the equator, at an expense of $1 billion. That plant, situated in Carlsbad, will give enough safe water to around 300,000 individuals, and will serve as a noteworthy test of the practicality and cost of utility-scale desalination innovation when it starts operation in November.