The Wintu Tribe

As many other tribe names, the name Tlingit means “the people”, or essential human being. The Tlingit are one of the many first nation tribes that lived and still currently live in Alaska. They live alongside many other tribes, which include the Northern Haida (Kaigani) and the Tsimshian (de Laguna 1: pp 13). The Tlingit have formed close ties with the Haida tribe. Though it is estimated that the Haida are a newer tribe to the area both tribes have common interests and have worked together to establish a Central Council; in 1935 which according to their website was originally established to deal with land issues on behalf of the tribes which relied on their lands for subsistence and survival (“About us” www.ccthita.org). Part of the need for the council is that unlike many tribes many tribes, particularly those of the lower the United

The Wampanoag' is a Native American individuals in North America. They were a free alliance comprised of a few tribes. Numerous Wampanoag individuals today are selected in two governmentally perceived tribes, the Mashpee Wampanoag Tribe and the Wampanoag Tribe of Gay Head, or four state-perceived tribes in Massachusetts. In the start of the seventeenth century, at the season of first contact with the English, the Wampanoag lived in southeastern Massachusetts and Rhode Island, a domain that incorporated present-day Martha's Vineyard and Nantucket islands. Their populace numbered in the thousands because of the extravagance of nature and their development of corn, beans and squash. Three thousand Wampanoag lived on Martha's Vineyard alone.

The Cherokee tribe is known as one of the earliest and largest Indian tribe in North America. They are federally recognized even today among several states(museum). While they slowly became Americanized by the Europeans who came over to America, some still practice their typical Indian rituals publicly today. Most converted to Christianity and their government in Oklahoma is based off the American government with three branches. One would believe that the Trail of Tears could have completely vanquished these Indians but many made it through the horrendous trial and kept the Indian bloodline going even present day (Conley).

The northern tribes used bones and deer antlers to make knives, scrapers, awls, fishing tools, whistles, and pendants. The first tribes denpended on agriculture were those that lived on the Atlantic Costal Plain. They learned how to make pottery and cloth. The cloth was woven with thread made from soft layers of splint baskets. They made musical instruments like pipers, rattles, drums, nd they were played during ruitals and ceremonies dances. They built two types of houses, long houses, and wigwams. The first type was formed by bending poles into a cone or dome shape and by tying the poles together with vines. The frame was covered with woven mats, bark, or hide . These people grew corn, squash, beans, pumpkins, and tobacco.

Additionally, Royal gives clarification for Native Americans’ positive stereotypes. He explains, “ But this is far from modern concepts of ecology. Native Americans in fact overhunted deer and beaver even before the arrival of the white man, and did not seriously try to preserve the resources in the vicinity of their villages. As a result, the typical woodland village, having exhausted local soil and game, had to move on average every eight to 10 years” (Royal 47). Although the Native Americans did not destroy the environment like Europeans on such a large scale, they are not trying to protect the environment either. This opposes the stereotypes that Native Americans are model ecologists. Royal also examines the inhumane sides of Native American tribes. Royal reveals, “The

I picked the Chinook tribe, which is a northwestern tribe located around the columbian river, or today's Washington and Oregon. The land and climate really defined how the Chinook people lived and is why it’s defined as a folk culture. The Chinook tribe is around large forests that the tribe uses to build canoes and large houses. The Chinook tribe would build these large houses and many people could live inside, these houses were made out of red cedar a tree that was very abundant in the area. The Climate where the Chinook tribe located was very harsh but easy at times. The climate existed of very rainy seasons with very hot seasons that defined what the Chinook tribe would wear. The Chinook tribe would wear little to nothing on the hot

As the encroachment of settlers on Indian lands continued, so did the inevitable conflicts. "To the Indians, the arriving Europeans seemed attuned to another world; they appeared oblivious to the rhythms and spirits of nature" (Jordan, 1991). Nature to the Europeans was something of an obstacle, even an enemy, and these disrespectful attitudes were quite apparent to the Indians. The wilderness was also a commodity however: "a forest was so many board feet of timber, a beaver colony so many pelts, a herd of buffalo so many hides" (Jordan, 1991). The Europeans' cultural arrogance and ethnocentrism, and their materialistic view of the land and its inhabitants were repulsive to the Indians. "Europeans, overall, were regarded as something mechanical - soulless creatures wielding diabolically ingenious tools and weapons to accomplish selfish ends" (Jordan, 1991).

Europeans tore through America in the 1700s and destroyed the lives of Native Americans, and yet their culture remained principled with a high level of respect and honor. This is shown in a meeting that was held by the six nations of the Iroquois, where Chief Red Jacket gave a speech on the Native Americans view on missionary stations that the Europeans wanted to set up. Red Jacket explained their past with the first settlers, “We gave them corn and meat; they gave us poison in return” (1). These first Europeans set the tone for how these new colonist treated the natives. They took what they wanted and left a trail of death and destruction in their path. However, the natives acted in return with upstanding respect and treated these missionaries

Thousands of years before white settlers arrived, millions of Native Americans had flourished and lived off of the land of North America. The Native Americans were overall a peaceful people, using only violence when seldom necessary. They developed farming and learned how to live off of the land, all while sustaining a bright and lively culture. After living among the Natives, John Collier, reflected on their spirit: “Could we make it our own, there would be an eternally inexhaustible earth and a forever lasting peace” (63). Upon the arrival of the whites, the Native Americans welcomed the strangers with hospitality and gifts, but the settlers would eventually treat the Native American 's with hostility. The whites saw the Native American 's as a nuisance, taking up land they wanted for their own people. The settlers saw themselves superior to the Natives, but they could not demand the Indians work for them as Columbus had. Many colonists settled within Native American provinces—Jamestown itself was built on Native

Within the Whitehorse community senses of 2011, 314 (0.2% of the population) people stated that they identify as Indigenous. Though this is a significantly smaller amount than the Victorian average (0.7%) and the Australian average (2.5%) Whitehorse still has a rich Indigenous history. The Wurundjeri- Balluk tribe are recognised as the traditional owners of the land in and around Whitehorse for the past 40,000 years and they are one go the 5 tribes that make up the Kulin Nation (A league of Victorian Indigenous tribes including the Wurundjeri people, The Bunurang people, The Wathaurong people, The Taungurong people and the Dja Dja Warring people.) and they speak the Woi Wurrung dialect. They are a very spiritual people and honour the creator

The Wichita is a tribe that belongs to a small tribe about three hundred and twenty who live in Oklahoma. They are a tribe of Native Americans who were discovered by the Coronado expedition. Like other Native American tribes the Wichita people have their own language, culture and both, social and legal customs. They refer to themselves as Kitikitish which can be taken literally to mean raccoon eyelids. But signifies a tattooed eyelid which is from a former custom among men where they tattooed lines upon their eyelids. Women however tattoo lines upon the chin and among older women there are those with tattooed designs all over their breasts. The Wichita people were primarily sedentary interested in hunting and farming. The men hunted and went for wars for the protection of their families while women farmed and raised children.

The Seminole Indian Tribe of Florida is a renowned group in South Florida area. Besides being the only Federal recognized tribe that has not signed a peace treaty, the Seminoles are known for things as Chickee Architecture, Billie Swamp Safari, and the Infamous Seminole Hard Rock Hotel and Casino. All these groundbreaking and recognized accomplishments were only cable because of the hard work and dedication from the different tribes that make up the Seminole Nation. That being said, the Seminoles success was also due to opening of smoke shops and high risk gaming in the 1970’s(Cattelino 5). However, with the wealth that has come, it also brings along the Fungibility of money. This Fungibility is what enabled growth with the Seminole people.

An indian woman rushed out of the embraced Sacagawea. It was an emotional moment for all of us especially Sacagawea because we did not know what would come in the future. A few hours before this happened, we met indians from the Shoshoni tribe. They had horses and we wanted to trade. They were not comfortable trading with us. As they started walking away, Sacagawea practically came out of nowhere and yelled after them. They thought it was a trick at first, but she identified herself and that is when they stopped. They turned around and one of them recognised her. They immediately agreed to trade with us and invited us back to their village. Apparently, word had got out that Sacagawea was coming back because everyone was waiting for her, and

The Quapaw are a Native American tribe originally located in the lower Mississippi Valley. As a tribe, they had a peaceful lifestyle, at least until outer influence with other countries, such as France. While they cooperated peacefully with the French, and later the U.S., that cooperation has been nothing but a source of great misery for them. Both the French and the U.S failed to see them as human beings, and they were repeatedly been off and cheated out of their land. They are thought to have formed in the Ohio Valley, but slowly migrated into the lower Mississippi Valley sometime before 1673 (as that was when they were first observed by Europeans) before their forced relocation by the U.S. to Kansas. According to Simon Audrey, author of

Famous American anthropologist and social theorist Clyde Kluckholm , claims in one of his publication that “Every language is also a special way of looking at the world and interpreting experience concealed in the structure of language are a whole set of unconscious assumptions about the world and the life in it”(Writing logically, Thinking critically 7th edition P 35). Based on this theory, we can learn more