The World And Caution Of The Arab World

Syria and Lebanon are two dramatically different states with a deeply intertwined history. They were both born out of French interventionism following World War 1, and have experienced complex and strained relations ever since. The two nations have both experienced prodigious political turmoil since gaining their independence, with both suffering from civil wars and conflict with their mutual neighbor, Israel. The war and turmoil that has plagued these two countries can be traced back to various competing national interests, as well as a struggle for regional power. The various religious groups in the area have historically formed transnational advocacy networks with the intent of influencing regional politics. These groups have proved to of been a major factor in the history of both nations.

Throughout Middle Eastern, beginning in the 1800’s many changes and continuities have occurred and shaped what there national identity is in present day. Religion and literature have remained a continuous factor throughout this time period; where as a very successful oil discovery and currently changing government help shape the Middle Eastern national identity

The legacies left behind as a result of post-world war 1and 2 has caused tremendous problems that still occur in the twenty-first century. The carving of formal Palestine has fueled issues between ethnicities in the present day states known as: Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, and Israel. As a result, promises that were made prior to the war, of what lands would be awarded to the negotiating actors had been broken; the Sunni/Shia conflict in the present day, was also the result of Sunni leaders in the in the 1920s. In this paper, you will see how these conflicts have grown over time.

The modern conception of the Middle East was molded in the early 20th century. The French and the British both formulated their foreign policy in the Middle East to help advance their own self interests. Power hungry and desperate for new land, British and French governments struggled to shape the Middle East. Britain’s unwillingness to learn about the people living in the Middle East, coupled with their underestimation of Arab nationalism, made for an inauspicious state. People in these Middle Eastern nations were unable to advocate for themselves and were taken advantage of by corrupt government officials or imperializing western powers. The French and British erred by disregarding pertinent information about the nationalist feelings of the

The dichotomy of historical events, personalities and concepts are central to devising a sense of both triumph and tragedy, varying in perspective for the individuals and groups directly involved. The creation of the state of Israel accommodates this dichotomy, in which the event can simply be recognised as a success for the Jewish people whose religious land was regained, and a calamity for the Arab-Palestinians who became displaced refugees as a result. Since the inception of the Israeli nation-state in 1948, religious and political difference have played a major role in bringing about the Arab-Israeli conflict. The dominance of the Jewish people, driven by religious and cultural ties to the land following their Diaspora, has seen the formation of Israel as a short-term social triumph. However, the resultant dispossession of Arab refugees in the elicited conflict, consolidated by the increase in Arab rebel terrorist activity and interference of other states has

The area of the Middle East is a conglomerate of many different religious groups. In these religions there are various factions, and these factions have often led to violence, revolts, and war. For the Islamic people, they split after the death of Muhammad, when they differed on who should take the place of the Prophet. Shia Muslims believe that the rightly predecessor was Ali, who was Muhammad’s cousin and son-in-law. On the other hand, Sunni Muslims believe that the leadership rightly belonged to Abu Bakr (Lecture.08.31). While today most Muslims identify as Sunni Muslims, including the Kurds, another highly active group in the area, there continues to be tight tensions between the two groups. In countries such as Iran, Iraq, Syria, Saudi Arabia, Lebanon, Jordan, and Egypt the split between Shias and Sunnis is toxic. Western intervention in the area has not helped quell these pressures, but rather, it has further increased the tensions, by

When people generally think of Middle East, they either picture newly developed Arab economies or Muslim dominated volatile regions. However, the Middle Eastern society mentioned in Taking sides is not limited to the few nations defined by geo political lines drawn in the map, rather it is a complexly mixed society of religious factions, different ethnic group and political ideologies, each separated within boundaries of nations. As modern history goes, these factions within the Middle Eastern nation has always contributed hostility to the entire region. Primarily, the faction between Sunni and Shiite fundamentalist can be traced as root cause of

During the years 1900-2001 a number of significant interventions occurred which affected the growth and nature of Arab nationalism. Several key pressures considerably influenced a change in the nature of nationalism; including, economic levers, agreements and military presenses in the Middle East. Arab nationalism arose out of the fear of the possibility and later the certainty of European or American dominance. The emerging ideology believed all Arabs to be united by both a shared language and history. Foreign intervention in the Middle East long predated the First World War, dating back to during the

Throughout Middle Eastern history there have been many great empires but two stand out, the Ottoman Empire and the Qajar Kingdom; both have had long-lasting effects on what the Middle East looks like today. When looking at the Islamic Republic today and their form of government it is important to understand how they reached this level through examining their history and the lingering effects that WWI and Western Imperialism have left behind. The Ottoman Empire which stretched as far as modern-day Austria were a great military power but just like the Qajars were brought down by a combination of force and economic troubles. In order to understand the modern Middle East, we must be able to understand its history and what brought down both the Ottoman Empire and the Qajar Dynasty.

The Middle East region has been marred by deadly wars throughout many decades. Curiously though, the United States, Russia, Jews and Islamic parts are ever present parties in these circuses. They dictate the politics of the region and more importantly, its stability. The 1980s Afghanistan war and the current Syrian war are justifications of the above sentiments. This paper intends to highlight the role of the aforementioned parties in the afghan war and compare it to the Syrian debacle.

According to the reading “ Thinking Citizenship in a Revolutionary Arab Word” the author Maya Mikdashi, argues that issues related to citizenship and nationalism in the Arab Middle East require extensive processes of critical analysis and intervention. In this respect, Mikdashi referred to the opinion of several authors (e.g. Wedeen, L, Mamdani, M. and Brubacker, R.) who advocated the concept of global, universal or world citizenship. She further added that the Arab uprisings, in which the brutal authoritarian regimes across the region have been fiercely challenged force political scholars to think critically of the pros and cons of nationalism and citizenship in the region.

Rami G. Khouri discusses his opinion on the lingering issues of the Middle East in a talk held on October 27th, at 7:00pm in the Koffler building. The room resembled more of an auditorium packed with millennials, senior citizens and age groups in between, all with their full attention on the speaker. Throughout his talk, Khouri explained how the last century has been exceptionally problematic for the Arabians due to zero political development, the Arab Israeli conflict, and the Arabian revolution. Khouri’s main argument is that there is an entirely new situation at hand due to Turkey, Iran, Israel, and Saudi Arabia currently driving the actual developments of the Middle East and the Superpowers unhelpful ways.

Due to the ever increasing pressures of the surrounding world, the Arab and Persian worlds were disrupted through the processes of modernization. The reasons for these changes were not always for the Westernization of the state but rather for the adoption of selected European innovations, however, judicial practices and environmental interactions during this era of transformation were thoroughly disrupted in what was a disorienting and tumultuous experience for the people of the Middle East. The continuous changes caused by modernity brought about a cultural renaissance that would see the people of the Middle East searching for a path free of future interference with a united identity.

During the 15th and 16th centuries, The Ottoman Empire contained most of Southeastern Europe. The Ottoman period lasted for over 600 years, before being replaced by the Republic of Turkey and other Middle Eastern nations. Many of the leaders who emerged in these new nations formed after the downfall of the Ottoman Empire held similar beliefs in the importance of modernization. The efforts put forth by various leaders transformed the Middle East from the state in was in during the Ottoman period, to the modern Middle East.

The Middle East region is one that is rich in natural resources, yet suffers many conflicts withing the recent years. Most of the the struggled faced by the Middle East region relates to the Arab Nationalism and Zionism movements. These movements have had a lasting impact on the way Arabs view non-Arabs and how their region is meant to be governed. Arab nationalism is the movement in which some nations in the Middle East region believed that there should be one state that unites the nation instead of seperate countries as they shared a common culture, language and history. They believed that living in a non-united states is threatning to the naturally resource rich region to outside influence as the arab nationalism movement was against western or influence. The Arab nationalism movement was more prevelant in Egypt while the similar wave isn’t present in th monarch of Saudi Arabia.